1, water system distribution, water transport capacity.
Economic development is closely related to the distribution of major rivers. Guangdong has a Pearl River system whose flow is second only to that of the Yangtze River, with tributaries all over the province and good transportation capacity. The Pearl River Estuary (Pearl River Delta) has contributed to the economic take-off of Guangdong.
Zhejiang is close to the Yangtze River system and adjacent to the Yangtze River estuary and Shanghai, and its own Hangzhou Bay is a natural large-scale high-quality deep-water port. Today, large-scale water transportation is the driving force of economy, which undoubtedly has a very favorable resource environment.
Fujian is far behind in this respect. The water flow of Minjiang River in Fujian is much lower than that of Pearl River and Yangtze River, and the hinterland passing through waterways is far less vast than that of Guangdong and Zhejiang. Lack of large quality wharf (high construction cost). Except Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Quanzhou (that is, the Xiamen-Zhangzhou Spring Triangle), there are basically no cities to sell. Quanzhou's leading position in shipping is long gone, and it needs to invest huge sums of money in dredging. Besides, the focus of international freight has long been shifted. Except Xiamen, Fujian can't compete with Guangdong, Zhejiang and other coastal cities in building high-quality deep-water ports and large terminals.
2. Economic hinterland and mutual support.
Guangdong's economic hinterland is Guangxi, Jiangxi, Hunan and Hainan Island, with increasingly developed land and water transportation. The key point is that Guangdong is adjacent to Hong Kong and Macao-Hong Kong and Macao are the windows for China to communicate with the world. Guangdong is truly in line with international standards and has a dialogue with the world. Zhejiang has been a rich land in Jiangsu and Zhejiang since ancient times, and its tax revenue accounts for one-third of the country. Jiangsu and Zhejiang have been inseparable since ancient times. A strong historical foundation. Now it is relying on a strong Shanghai to inject strong impetus into its own development. Zhejiang is an important participant in the Yangtze River Delta and Shanghai-Nanjing-Hangzhou Economic Circle. Shanghai is the oldest city in Zhejiang and the largest city in China. And its close partner-Jiangsu, what is good, always thinking.
Guangdong and southern Zhejiang are left in the hinterland of Fujian. At best, only Jiangxi, the closer to Jiangxi, the poorer. Jiangxi is a famous poor province and can't help at all. Fujian's industrial base is not solid enough, and there is no industrial system of its own. In addition, Fujian lacks economic ties with Guangdong and Zhejiang.
3. attracting investment.
Guangdong is the frontier of reform and opening up. Foreign investment has always ranked first in China. Zhejiang benefits from the strong radiation of the Yangtze River Delta in attracting investment. Most of Fujian's foreign capital is invested by Taiwanese businessmen, but the simplification of economy and the lack of diversified international competition make Fujian lag far behind Guangdong and Zhejiang in introducing foreign capital to a certain extent. In addition, influenced by the current cross-Strait relations, Taiwanese investment has not been fully liberalized in some aspects. Political differences hinder economic development.
4, transportation, education, talent circulation and other supporting facilities.
The Yangtze River Delta has the highest traffic density and the highest perfection! In recent years, the Pearl River Delta has also increased its investment in transportation, continuously improved the investment environment of software and hardware, and paved a number of large passages out of the province. Links with surrounding areas have been further strengthened.
There are many universities and talents in the Pearl River Delta and Yangtze River Delta. There are famous universities in Guangdong and Zhejiang. For example, Sun Yat-sen University, South China University of Technology, Zhejiang University and so on. The key is to be close to Shanghai, and a huge leader-a powerful university can grasp it with one hand. In Fujian, except Xiamen University and Jimei University in Xiamen, there are basically no universities that have started their brands nationwide. The provincial capital city lags far behind Xiamen.
In recruiting national talents, the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta will always be the boss! Shanghai-Nanjing-Hangzhou and the Pearl River Estuary are the main gathering areas of talents in China. It is unique in intellectual support and technological innovation.
5. Cooperation and radiation in the economic circle.
At present, China has formed economic circles such as Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan, Yangtze River Delta, Xiamen-Tianjin and Pearl River Delta. The Pearl River Delta and the Yangtze River Delta have always been the leaders, and the rapid economic development is self-evident. Xiazhangquan is the smallest economic circle, and its radiation and benefit are far behind other economic circles, so its stamina is insufficient. Under the background of the impact of the international economic tide, the financial and securities industry plays an important role. At present, there are only two stock exchanges in Chinese mainland and one in Shenzhen. The other is in Shanghai. Compared with Fujian, it is far from Zhejiang, and it is more about affection and promotion.
6. The advantages and economic privileges of special economic zones have long been lost.
At the beginning, China designated Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Shantou, Xiamen, Hainan and other special economic zones. Judging from the current situation, it doesn't matter whether the SAR is a national chess game or not. Except for Shenzhen, which won the development opportunity in the SAR era, others are not so ideal. At present, the number of special zones is not as good as that of Fujian in Guangdong. In a national chess game, Xiamen has no special zone advantage, and it is even more difficult to achieve breakthrough development.
To sum up, it is inevitable and reasonable for Fujian's economy to lag behind Guangdong and Zhejiang.
I am interested in the study of economy and regional orientation. The above is my amateur analysis. I hope that professionals will criticize and correct me, supplement and improve it for communication.