Since the King of Wu destroyed the Shang Dynasty, the capital of Yin fell and the Shang Dynasty perished, but objectively speaking, the territory of the Shang Dynasty was much larger than that of the Zhou Dynasty (the forces of the Shang Dynasty occupied almost the whole east of the Yellow River), and the huge territory of the Shang Dynasty could not be digested on Monday, and the land of the old princes of the Shang Dynasty was not entirely owned by the Zhou people. In this case, we can only take expedient measures, adopt a policy of appeasement to businessmen, seal our son in Yin, and worship our ancestors for medical treatment. At the same time, the younger brother was appointed in the north and south of the Yellow River, the uncle was in charge of fresh water, the uncle was in Cai, and the uncle was in Huo to monitor and prevent rebellion, which was called the three prisons. "Historical Records" Yin Benji said: "Let his brother Xian, Cai Shu is the capital, and his father (Wu Geng) governs Yin. According to ancient customs, dynasties can be replaced from generation to generation, and ancestor sacrifices cannot be extinct. Therefore, King Wu used his new national strength to enfeoffment the former emperors with virtue in order to win the hearts of the people. For example, Shennong was named after Jiao, Huangdi named after Zhu, Emperor Yao named after Ji, Emperor Shun named after Chen, and Dayu named after Qi. On the other hand, in order to expand his power, King Wu sealed some royalty, relatives and heroes. For example, the protagonist calls Yan a North Screen fan, and Lu Shang is in Lu, which is a East Screen fan. The enfeoffment countries are mostly concentrated in the area near the south bank of the Yellow River (the north bank of the Yellow River, the center of merchant power, only Huo). As for the East, it is still the scope of the old Shang Dynasty, and Zhou people can only look back on it. Of course, this situation is full of danger. As a result, when King Wu died, rebellion was born again, and finally the second feudalism was carried out under the planning of Duke Zhou. Zhou represents feudalism, and through the redistribution of land, he established a top-down relationship between the central and local governments, laying a solid and powerful foundation for the country. Zhou was one of the princes before the demise of Shang Dynasty, and his influence was not great. When Zhou Wuwang destroyed the Shang Dynasty, he first established the principle of "all peoples are kings", and then enfeoffed the vassals with land to strengthen the relationship between the emperor and the vassals. The national strength of the Zhou Dynasty was strengthened and expanded through feudalism. After the demise of Zhou Wuwang, the descendants of ancient emperors were granted the right to vote, which is known as "the rise and fall of the country, following the peerless world". The real meaning is that princes should be granted the right to vote by the royal family. Moreover, the country has a solid foundation and the princes obey it. Taking the opportunity that brothers sealed five countries, 40 countries with the same surname, and more than ten heroes with different surnames, they lived among the old princes and contained each other, which split the ancient tribes, changed the fragmented situation, strengthened their ties with the Zhou Dynasty, and virtually stabilized the dominant position of the Zhou Dynasty. Therefore, feudalism in the Zhou Dynasty has far-reaching significance. More importantly, feudalism in the early Zhou Dynasty greatly expanded the western territory. Due to the feudal system, on the one hand, the old princes can be brought into their own rule, on the other hand, the new princes (with the same surname and heroes) can be enfeoffed to the newly occupied territory, thus expanding the territory of Zhou. As Mr. Qian Mu said: "The feudalism in the Western Zhou Dynasty was an aggressive armed migration and military occupation ... The establishment of feudalism was a national construction work of the Zhou people, who constantly migrated to important places in the East; Armed reclamation, the country of the Zhou Dynasty continued to expand and enrich. " (Outline of National History 25-30) Zhou Ben is a small country leaning to the west, so its development naturally advances eastward, mainly in two ways: First, it operates from Fenghao to the southeast and gradually reaches the Huai area. It is from Fenghao to the northeast, operating Heluo and Henan merchants. The two feudalism in the early Zhou Dynasty can be said to be the initial results of the development of these two routes. In the first feudal period of Zhou Dynasty, due to its limited power, its influence could only be extended to the south of Luoyi, with Gao Feng as the center, and the influence of Yin people in Shang Dynasty could not be completely eliminated. Therefore, the enfeoffment countries include Qihe, most of which are concentrated in the vicinity of Luoyang on the south bank of the Yellow River, and only Zero on the north bank of the Yellow River, which is the place where the Yin people are concentrated. In addition, Qin Jing, the capital of the Zhou Dynasty, was located in the west, so it was difficult for the central ruling power to reach the east. But there is no doubt that this seal laid the foundation for Zhou's outward expansion. By the second feudalism of the Duke of Zhou, the ruling power of Zhou people was greatly strengthened and extended to every place. For example, the establishment of Qilu and Qilu enabled people to surpass Yin and reach the seaside in the East. Feudal countries are scattered all over the country, on the one hand, they contain each other, on the other hand, they engage in infiltration and expansion, and expand their territory. In order to strengthen the control of the East, the feudal cause of this week was basically completed by building the East Capital in Luoyi. Starting from Haojing, Zhou people spread their arms from the northeast and southeast to monitor Yin and Song dynasties, and their influence extended to the eastern seashore. Hao Jing echoes Luoyi from afar, and all anti-Zhou forces can no longer rise. Since then, he claimed to be the king and Kang Wang, and constantly enfeoffed his brothers, sons and nephews, in-laws and heroes to establish a new country. These new countries are likely to replace the old princes or open up uncultivated land. The establishment of every feudal country is the outward migration and power expansion of Zhou people. Zhou's twice feudalism made Zhou's power develop from the upper reaches of the water to the east, and finally to the whole Yellow River basin, controlling the whole Central Plains and becoming the Lord of * * *. Under the influence of the feudal system of the Zhou Dynasty, the Zhou family practiced the feudal system, enfeoffed people with the same surname and made contributions in important places around the country, using the original clans and tribes around the country to establish a country. Since then, the relationship between the central and local governments has been re-established, with power from top to bottom. Zhou Tianzi officially became the master of the world, and the national strength of Zhou Dynasty was strengthened and expanded through feudalism. Therefore, the feudal system is actually an effective ruling system that adapts to the times and enables Zhou to enjoy the country for 800 years. The so-called "China" before Zhou Dynasty generally does not exist in Shandong, Henan, Hebei and Shanxi today. In these areas, there are many tribes with low culture. After the implementation of feudalism, not only the phenomenon of primitive small countries appeared, but also the situation of fragmented, forming a relatively close and orderly country. At the same time, due to the expansion of the scope of the enfeoffment system, the territory of the Zhou Dynasty was much larger than that of the Shang Dynasty, and the influence of the Chinese nation continued to expand eastward. From a political point of view, the feudalism in the early Zhou Dynasty contained the meaning of "ruling the world on one side", that is, "Under the world, is it the land of the king, the guest of the land and the minister of the king?" "Open a precedent for the unification of China. The Zhou Dynasty was feudal and extensive, spreading the same spirit and organization to all parts of the country, and all countries developed freely because of their environment, making China culture more spectacular and splendid. Moreover, China's advanced culture spread far away because of feudalism. Due to pilgrimage and hunting patrol, many heterogeneous cultures are alcoholized in high culture and form a great national consciousness. Although the emperor enfeoffed the princes, it played a role in shielding the royal family and expanding the territory, but it was easy for the princes to go their own way and attack each other. Feudalism lasted for a long time, and the blood relationship and in-laws relationship between emperors and princes became increasingly alienated. After the formation of the trend of strength and weakness, the princes no longer respected the king, and the princes attacked each other. So in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, there was a hegemony game in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.
Reference: chist.yy2.edu/al_paper1_ chow