I strengthening contract management 1. Construction contract is the basis of cost control in construction stage. Only by signing a strict construction contract and strengthening contract management in the construction process can we ensure the rationality and legitimacy of the contract cost, reduce disputes in the process of contract performance, safeguard the interests of both parties and effectively control the project cost. 2. After the contract is signed, the management of contract documents should be done well. Supplementary contract, important minutes of site meeting, site contact list, etc. As an extension and interpretation of the contract, it must be kept intact, and technical files must be established, and attention should be paid to strengthening data management. 3, before construction, should organize a construction contract disclosure meeting. Relevant managers should timely and accurately convey the information about the project cost control, such as the way of winning the bid, the basis of the list price, the coefficient of profit reduction point, etc. Familiarity with and mastery of relevant construction contract documents is the premise of project cost management. Second, optimize the construction organization design 1, and make full preparations for construction. After receiving the bid-winning notice, the construction unit shall start to prepare the detailed construction organization design. Because a series of preparatory work before the project starts can be completed in different ways, there are usually many schemes for builders to choose from, both technically and organizationally. Different construction schemes have different economic effects. Engineering management personnel should optimize the construction organization design, construction scheme and construction progress plan in combination with the specific technical and economic conditions such as the nature, scale, construction period, labor force, degree of mechanical equipment, material supply, transportation conditions and geological conditions of the project, and put forward improvement suggestions to make the scheme more reasonable. 2. Follow the principle of balance to arrange the construction progress. When preparing the construction progress plan, we should arrange the construction sequence according to the reasonable construction procedure of the project, divide the construction stages according to the construction situation, arrange flow operation, avoid excessive concentration of work, purposefully reduce the workload during peak hours, reduce the erection of temporary facilities, avoid the consumption of labor, materials and machinery, and ensure that the construction process is carried out as planned and rhythmically. 3. Strive to improve the utilization rate of construction machinery. In engineering construction, the utilization rate of main construction machinery directly affects the engineering cost and construction progress. Adjust the schedule reasonably to improve the utilization rate of main construction machinery and reduce the project cost. 4. The adoption of construction methods and technologies is based on the principle of simplifying working procedures and improving economic benefits. On the premise of ensuring the engineering quality, mature construction methods should be adopted as far as possible, and construction technologies that simplify working procedures and improve economic benefits should be adopted. Because mature construction methods are only requirements, construction workers do not need to spend more time to master them. Simplifying the construction process not only saves time, but also achieves the goal of improving labor productivity. Third, the cost control of engineering materials. Material cost is the main content of engineering cost. Because there are many varieties and specifications of materials, the dosage is large and the range of change is large. So as long as we can control the expenditure of materials, we have the initiative to reduce costs. 1. Purchase materials in the best way, and strive to reduce procurement costs. First of all, different places and channels of purchase have different prices. If the engineering and material manufacturers are in the same place, it is obviously the most cost-effective to purchase directly from the manufacturers; If the engineering and material manufacturers are not in the same place, it is necessary to calculate and analyze the procurement cost, and then decide whether to purchase directly from the manufacturers or supply through middlemen. Second, the procurement method of establishing long-term cooperative relationship. Building materials dealers often give low prices to old customers to attract them to establish long-term cooperative relations and distribute building materials with the strategy of small profits but quick turnover. In addition to preferential discounts, there is also a mutual trust relationship between purchasing units and material suppliers. Third, purchase materials according to the progress of the project. How much material progress is needed at each stage of construction and the construction site should be based on the principle of ensuring normal construction progress. 2. Rational use of surrounding materials. Reasonable use of metal scaffolding, templates and other turnover materials can also achieve the purpose of saving and controlling material costs. This goal can be achieved through the following aspects. A, reasonable control of construction progress, reduce the template total investment, give full play to its turnover rate. Second, control the construction period, so as not to delay the construction period or reasonably advance the construction period, minimize the time occupied by scaffolding, and fully improve the turnover rate. Third, do a good job in the storage and maintenance of turnover materials, remove rust and rust in time, and achieve the purpose of reducing amortization expenses through recycling quantity. Four. Strengthening the control of engineering changes In the process of project implementation, due to the reasons of construction, design and construction, there will be changes in engineering quantity, materials and construction progress, which will lead to changes in engineering cost. Therefore, it is necessary to control engineering changes reasonably. 1. Reasons for engineering change. The construction unit puts forward new requirements for the construction project. For example, modify the project master plan; Budget cuts; Replace doors and windows made of different materials. Due to design errors, the design drawings must be revised. The original design and construction scheme need to be changed due to the adoption of new technology. Due to the link changes in the construction site, the scheduled engineering conditions were not prepared. 2, problems that should be paid attention to in engineering change. First of all, the engineer's approval should be reasonably limited. Owners often improve the quality standards of materials through the approval authority of engineers; The right to approve the design and improve the design quality standards; Recognizing the right of construction and improving the standard of construction quality. The contractor shall strive for the owner or engineer to confirm the situation beyond the requirements stipulated in the contract, and then claim for the extra cost of the construction period. Second, the engineering change cannot exceed the scope of the project stipulated in the contract. Engineering changes shall not exceed the scope of the project stipulated in the contract. If it exceeds this range, the contractor has the right not to implement the change or insist on agreeing on the price before making the change. Third, the contractor can't advocate engineering changes at will. For any engineering problems, the contractor can't take the initiative to make any work changes. Especially in international contracted projects, it is even more impossible to do so. If drawing errors or other problems are found in the construction and need to be changed, the engineer should be informed first, and the changes should be made after approval or through the change procedure. Otherwise, not only will you not get the compensation you deserve, but you will also bring unnecessary trouble. V. Raise the awareness of claim 1, claim and its reasons. First, the concept of claim. Claim is a claim made by one party to an economic contract because the other party fails to perform or improperly performs the obligations stipulated in the contract. In practical engineering, the claim is two-way, and the owner can claim compensation from the contractor. The owner can also realize the claim against the contractor by offsetting the account, deducting the project payment, confiscating the performance bond and deducting the retention money. The most common, complicated and difficult thing is the claim made by the contractor to the owner, which is usually considered as the focus and main object of the claim. Second. The main reason for the claim. The owner breaches the contract and fails to perform the contract responsibilities. For example, if the construction drawing is not delivered in time as agreed in the contract, the contractor may claim compensation. Other situations include: the owner exercises the rights conferred by the contract and orders the change of the project; Unexpected conditions or changes occur in the engineering environment, such as bad weather conditions, different geological conditions from the survey report, revision of national laws and regulations, rising prices, exchange rate changes, etc. The contractor may claim compensation. 2. Enhance the claim awareness. Claim consciousness is mainly reflected in the following three aspects: First, legal consciousness. Claim is a legal right given to the owner and contractor by law and a means to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests. Strengthening the consciousness of claim is essentially strengthening the legal consciousness. This can not only strengthen self-protection awareness and improve self-protection ability, but also improve the consciousness of performing the contract and consciously prevent yourself from infringing on the interests of others. The second is the awareness of market economy. In the market economy environment, contracting enterprises aim at pursuing economic benefits. Claim is a means to pursue economic interests reasonably and legally within the norms stipulated in the contract. Claim can raise the contract price and increase income. Don't talk about the claim and give up the claim opportunity, which is far from the performance of economic benefits. Therefore, the claim consciousness essentially reflects the consciousness of economic benefits and market economy. Third, project management awareness. Claim involves all aspects of project management. To claim successfully, we must improve the management level of the whole project and further improve and perfect the management. Therefore, doing a good job of claim compensation can promote the improvement of the overall level of construction enterprise management and project management. To sum up, project cost management runs through the whole construction and production process. It is a wide-ranging and comprehensive work, which requires all management departments to perform their duties, cooperate closely and work together to minimize the project cost.
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