Surname is a symbol that has different meanings in different times. In primitive times, surnames were divided into two parts: male surnames and female surnames. Surnames are divided into high and low, high and low are famous, and low and low are only given names without surnames. Since Tai Shigong, surnames have been combined into one. In feudal times, surnames were symbols of the family system, with a strong clan color. People with the same surnames were called the same clan and the old clan.
In modern times, the connotation of surnames has changed greatly, and the clan color has faded. In the revolutionary struggle, some revolutionaries changed their names to avoid the enemy's pursuit and persecution. After the success of the revolution, the changed name has been recognized by the organization or society, so the original name will not be restored, and children will also take names according to the changed surname. The author is an old leader. People only know his surname, but few people know his original surname is Xi. China's marriage law stipulates that children can take their father's surname or their mother's surname. The custom of crossing Shan Yao is that children take turns to take the surnames of their mother and father.
In ancient times, the alliance of three tribes of Yan, Huang and Yi was formed by the alliance of 100 clans, so people belonging to 100 clans were collectively called people, which is the origin of the word "people". In fact, 100 surnames is an approximate number. The popular reading Hundred Surnames has more than 100 surnames, but there are 408 single surnames and 30 to 70 compound surnames (different versions). Cihai, a large-scale reference book, contains 5093 surnames 1024, and The List of Ancient and Modern Surnames (Hebei Science and Technology Press, 1985, August 1) co-authored by Xu et al., which is far from our country's surnames.
There are many sources of surnames in China, including state and fief, Zhou, Wu, Zhao and Qi. Those with surname skills, such as Tu, Tao and Zhen. There are animals and plants as surnames, such as cattle, horses, Yang, Li and Gui. It is said that there is also a wolf. He is very generous. Everyone introduced his name and declared that this "wolf" was not a "lang". Really cute! Because there are many surnames, some stories about surnames are derived.
Some surnames have their own special pronunciation. If you read according to your usual habits, you will make mistakes. For example, if you read xiè instead of jii, if you read Zha ā instead of tea, if you read Ge instead of ca, if you read Yu instead of Qin.
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The latest ranking of China 100 surnames was edited at 22: 22: 55 on March 3rd, 2006.
1 Li 2 Wang 3 Zhang 4 Liu 5 Zhao 6 Chen 7 Yang 8 Huang 9 weeks 10 Wu
1 1 Xu 12 Sun 13 Hu 14 Zhu 15 Gao 16 Lin 17 He 18 Guo/kloc.
2 1 Liang 22 Song 23 Zheng 24 Xie 25 Han 26 Tang 27 Feng 28 Yu 29 Dong 30 Xiao
3 1 Cheng 32 Cao 33 Yuan 34 Deng 35 Xu 36 Fu 37 Shen 38 Zeng 39 Peng 40 Lu
4 1 Su 42 Lu 43 Jiang 44 Cai 45 Jia 46 Ding 47 Wei 48 Xue 49 Ye 50 Yan
5 1 Yu 52 Pan 53 Du 54 Dai 55 Xia 56 Zhong 57 Wang 58 Tian 59 Ren 60 Jiang
6 1 Fan 62 Fang 63 Shi 64 Yao 65 Tan 66 Liao 67 Zou 68 Xiong 69 Jin 70 Lu
7 1 Hao 72 Kong 73 Bai 74 Cui 75 Kang 76 Mao 77 Qiu 78 Qin 79 Jiang 80 History
8 1 Gu 82 Hou 83 Shao 84 Meng 85 Long 860,000 87 Duan 88 Cao 89 Qian 90 Tang
9 1 Yin 92 Li 93 Yi 94 Chang 95 Wu 96 Qiao 97 He 98 Lai 99 Gong 100
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Xu has a long history. Edited at 22: 20: 03 on March 3rd, 2006.
The Xu family has a long history, which began in the Xia Dynasty and is a direct descendant of the Yellow Emperor. Xu is from yuanshi county. Yuan He Shi Dian says: "After the transfer of Xu, the surname won, the son of Boyi, was sealed in Xu in the summer, destroyed by Zhou, and took the country as the surname." According to textual research, Xu's ancestor was the wise man Bo Yi more than 4,000 years ago. Boyi is a descendant of Levin, the leader of the ancient Dongyi tribe, and Levin is the heir of Zhuan Xu, the grandson of the Yellow Emperor. Boyi married Yao's wife and gave birth to two sons: long and cheap, unable to pass the exam; The second time, Ruomu of Xia and Shang Dynasties was sealed in Pidan, became a vassal, gave birth to a son, got a tune and attacked his father. Move the child's room and attack the father's position to show his merits. Boyi assisted Yu in water control. In the seventh year of Xiang Yu, in 2 175 BC, Ruomuwei, the son of Boyi, was established (the old city is located in the north of Sixian County, Anhui Province). Xu Fangyuan is 500 Li, with Xuzhou as the center, south to the Yangtze River, north to Shandong and south-central Hebei, west to Yancheng, Henan, and east to the East China Sea. Ruomu established Xu Guo (now the junction of Anhui and Jiangsu) here, and it expanded to thirty-two years, which was destroyed by Zhou. , and named his son, still belonging to the vassal state, and later destroyed in Wu. After losing the country, descendants took Xu as their surname and Boyi as their ancestor.
Xu ranks eleventh among the new hundred surnames of the Chinese nation. Xu's county is "Donghai County" (now southeast of Yanzhou, Shandong Province), and the hall number is "Donghai Hall", and some people call it "Hall". Commonly used hall couplets are: Boyi in the East China Sea and Gao Shi in Zhou Nan; Donghai Guangdi, Min Nan Li Yue Jia; Gao Shi is in Zhou Nan, and the first contribution is in Zhongshan; And "The East China Sea philosophers are in tune, and the Zhou Nan imperial court is soaring".
In Qin Shiwang, in the 28th year of the first emperor (2 19 BC), Xu Fu, the 60th descendant of Ruomu, was ordered to cross the sea. Xu Fu's younger brother Xu Gai lived in seclusion in Hongzhou (now Nanchang, Jiangxi). By the time of Emperor Huan of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Xu Zhi, the ninth grandson of Xu Gai, had the reputation of "scholar in the south" and "Xu Ruzi". Bo, the son of childhood, gave birth to five sons: eternity, prosperity, strangeness, peak, climbing. Xu Maogong in the Tang Dynasty was after Xu Sheng. Xu Ji, the thirtieth grandson of Xu Maogong (Ruomu 96), gave birth to two sons: the eldest son, Bing Zhe, and the scholar; The second son Chu Ren, Ren Zhongshu Shiro. Bingzhe's son sent a telegram. He is a scholar. Dianfa's son is also a scholar. The world calls Xu "the third son of Gongsun".
He Ling, the son of Xu Rong (the grandson of the thirty-third generation Xu Zhi), lived in Guangzhou first and then moved to Shicheng County, Jiangxi Province, and was the ancestor of Xu Shicheng. At the end of the Song Dynasty, it spread to 36 1 Lang () and * Feng. The second brother moved to Nanjing (Pucheng), the third brother moved to Hexi in Yongding, and then moved to Kanshi and other places. Huang Yilang (Xu Shi) moved to Chendongkeng, Shanghang Old County, Tingzhou Prefecture, Fujian Province with his wife and children. In the 8th century, it was passed to Xu Long, and Yang gave birth to two sons: the eldest son, You Chuan (Jiuyilang), moved to Bawei, Huyang, and the second sons, Rurong (JiuErlang) and Wu, moved to Xiaoping Natural Village, Chengbei Village, Lincheng Town, this county, and they have been bred for 22 generations. For hundreds of years, they stuck to their homes and rarely went out to make a living. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, Sun Guohua and Xu Qinghua, descendants of 18, moved to Chengguan in Shanghang at the same time. In A.D. 1949, Sun moved to Taiwan Province Province and settled in Tainan City.
Xu in Shanghang mainly settled in Chengguan and Xiaoping Village in the north of the city.
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Xu's Historical Sources Edited on March 22, 2006 +05: 33
Historical source
"Xu" originated;
One: take the country as the surname. Xu Rong, also known as Xu Yi or Xu Fang, is one of the Dongyi. From Xia Dynasty to Zhou Dynasty, it was distributed in the middle and lower reaches of Huaihe River (now northwest Jiangsu Province and northeast Anhui Province). At the beginning of the Zhou Dynasty, Xu State was established with Sihong County in Jiangsu Province as the center, which was the most powerful among Dongyi. It was destroyed by Chu in the Spring and Autumn Period and annexed by Wu in the eighth year of Zhou Dynasty (5 12 BC). According to the surname of Yuanhe and Tongzhi. A brief introduction to the clan, the Xu family is after Zhuan Xu and. Xia sealed Boyi's son to Guo Xu. From Ruomu to Xu Yanwang. Attacked Zhou and was defeated by He Fu. Later, Xu Yanwang's son was named Xu Zi. During the Spring and Autumn Period, after Xu was destroyed by Wu, the adherents took the original country name "Xu" as their surname.
Two: In Qing Dynasty, Manchu surname Shu Mulu was changed to Xu, such as Xu, a native of Zhengbaiqi, Manchuria.
Family celebrities
Xu Yanwang
When Zhou Muwang was the viscount of Xu Guo, he ruled the country with benevolence and righteousness. Because of Zhu Gong's arrow, he thought it was auspicious, so he called himself Xu Yanwang. Jianghuai vassal state, followed by thirty-six countries. Mu Wang ordered Chu to attack it, but Wang Aimin didn't take part in the war, so Chu was defeated.
Xu fu
The alchemist of the Qin dynasty, the word Jun Fang. The year of birth and death is unknown. The first emperor heard that there was an elixir of life in Zuzhou, East China Sea, and sent someone to bless him, with 3,000 children and 3,000 men and women, and left by boat, never to return. Or "cosmetic".
Xu Jingye
Tang Xu's grandson achieved a brave name and conquered and attacked Britain many times from his achievements.