? According to relevant data, this European-style Zhenyuan Church was first built by French missionaries in 1844. It is the bishop's mansion in the pastoral area of southeast Sichuan (Chongqing parish) and a place where Chinese and foreign clergy concentrate on religious activities. It was rebuilt at about 19 15 and used as the residence of missionaries. Used by the Japanese in the 1930s.
? After War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression started, the building was confiscated from the Japanese and used by Jardine Matheson in Britain. In fact, it was used as a Sino-British military liaison office to exchange wartime information between China and Britain. 195 1 year later, Zhenyuantang became the residence and archives of the Municipal Public Security Bureau.
? This building is listed as one of the first batch of excellent modern buildings in Chongqing 152, and it is almost the only old European-style building in Jie Fangbei. It is similar in architectural style to the French naval barracks on Nanbin Road in Nan 'an District (converted into the Champs Elysé es Cafe 65,438+0902) and the French Consulate next to Renaitang in Yuzhong District (this building was completely demolished in 2065,438+00).
? Netizen Chongqing Xiaodelan has the following account of the related historical events of Zhenyuantang:
? 1. According to China's new local chronicles, in the forty-first year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (1702), the Holy See sent knights Mu Tianchi and Bi Tianxiang to Chongqing to set up the first church in Huaguang Building (now the junction of Wu Si Road and Dayanggou in Yuzhong District) and began to preach in Chongqing. Later, Zhenyuan Church, Catholic Church, Suiya Church, Gospel Church, Peide Church, Tixin Church, Yizhitang and other churches were established in Chongqing, including Qijiaqiao, Xiaoxiong, Shiban Street, Jiukuai Bridge, Cool Cliff, Bushback, Daijiaxiang, Goose Neck, Deep Pit and Ginkgo Tree. Among the churches in the city, the "Zhenyuan Church" established by the French Catholic Church near Qijiaqiao in the 24th year of Daoguang (1844) is the most magnificent.
? 2. According to the religious records of Chongqing, the former Bishop's Office of Chongqing Diocese is located in Zhenyuan Hall, Yuzhong District. 1844, father Liu madou preached in Chongqing and bought real estate in Jianjiaqiao (now Wu Si Road, Yuzhong District), Shiban Street and Jiangjiaxiang. 1847, Father Shi preached here, named it "Zhenyuan Hall" and started the Confucian Classics School. 1852, Fan Zhuoer, an assistant bishop of Sichuan Province, made a unified plan for the houses of all churches in Qijiaqiao and built the Bishop's House, which was completed in 1854. Bishop Fan moved from the Bone Delivery Hall outside the city to Zhenyuan Hall. 1863, during the religious class in Chang'an Temple, Zhenyuan Temple was attacked and destroyed. After the restoration, the plaque of "Yong Ai Tang" was hung on the door. 1866, the second phase of Chongqing religious teaching plan, the church was seriously damaged again. 189 1 repair, with the word "Zhenyuantang" written above the gate. 1 941June1day, Japanese planes bombed Chongqing and Zhenyuantang was shot several times. Some houses were blown up or damaged and later repaired. During the Anti-Japanese War, many important activities of Chongqing parish were held in the main hall of Zhenyuantang. On August 1945 and 19, Bishop Shang Weishan held a mass here to thank for the victory of the Anti-Japanese War. Archbishop Cai Ning, the Holy See's Ambassador to China, and Bishop Yu Bin of Nanjing Diocese attended the ceremony. Song Ziwen, Sun Ke and other important officials of the Republic of China attended the ceremony, and diplomatic envoys from various countries went to China to watch the ceremony. At the beginning of liberation, Zhenyuantang had 88 houses with a total area of 9,850 square meters. 195 1, all the properties were occupied by Chongqing Public Security Bureau.
3. The "Chongqing Augmented Map" in 189 1 has the "Zhenyuan Hall" hand-painted by Liu Ziru.
? 4. According to Chongqing Architecture, Chongqing Zhenyuantang has gradually developed into a complex with 9 buildings and 88 houses, including gardens.
The four clocks on the Monument to the Victory of the Anti-Japanese War (Jie Fangbei) were donated by the true source of the Catholic Church. According to relevant historical records, after the victory of 1945 in the Anti-Japanese War, the National Government decided to build a "Monument to the Victory of the Anti-Japanese War" on Postal Street in the city center, and install a standard four-sided clock on the top of the monument. The monument was basically completed in July, 1947, but four clocks cannot be purchased at the same time. Through various channels, it is known that the May 4th Catholic "Zhenyuan Church" also has a four-sided clock. So, on June+10/October 65438+April 4, 65438, the mayor of Chongqing personally wrote to Shang Weishan, the chief teacher of Zhenyuantang, asking an electrical engineer named Li of the Preparatory Committee for the Victory of the Anti-Japanese War to hold a letter discussion. 10 10 18, Bishop Shang Weishan personally wrote back to Mayor Zhang, saying: "After reading the calligraphy, I learned that after the completion of Jigong Monument, which won the Anti-Japanese War in this city, a four-sided clock must be installed on the top of the monument, so that it looks spectacular and tells us that the church will let the price go." After we accepted the service, we immediately convened representatives of all churches in this city to discuss with each other. We used the clock recovered by the Catholic Church. It was originally planned to restore the bell tower of this church and then move it back to the installation. It was unanimously passed by ....................................................................................................................... at the scene, and was proposed by the representative of Weishan. I am here to reply, that is, please have a look. "At the end of 2006, the four-sided clock was replaced by the Swiss Rolex quartz clock that the municipal government spent 200,000 RMB. The old clock was returned to Joseph Hall, a Catholic church in Yuzhong District. Now it lies quietly in a corner of Joseph Hall and has been preserved as a real memory precipitated by history.
? 6. After the establishment of the government, due to historical reasons, the church was confiscated and occupied, and the Zhenyuantang complex (98 rooms in 9 buildings) was occupied by the Chongqing Public Security Bureau as an office space. After years of continuous demolition and reconstruction, only a three-story European-style building is left as the archives of the bureau. Usually surrounded by high walls and guarded by guards at the door, outsiders can't enter to enjoy and inspect. At the end of 2005, the Public Security Bureau moved out of Zhenyuantang and moved into the new site of Huangnibang in Jiangbei, which was placed within the scope of the renovation of Guotai Art Center.