Genetics-a science that explores the laws of biological inheritance and variation in the field of natural science.
The study of the structure, function, variation, transmission and expression of genes.
Genetics is a science that studies the inheritance and variation of organisms, the structure and function of genes, their variation, transmission and expression. The concept of parent-child in genetics is not limited to parents, children or a family, but can also be extended to groups including many families, which is the research object of population genetics.
The concept of parent-child relationship in genetics can also be based on cells, and cells cultured in vitro can maintain certain genetic characteristics of individuals, such as the presence or absence of certain enzymes. The genetic research of cultured cells in vitro belongs to somatic genetics. The concept of parent-child relationship in genetics can also be extended to the replication of deoxyribonucleic acid and even the transcription of mRNA, which are all research topics in molecular genetics.
research method
Hybridization is one of the most commonly used means in gene research, so the length of life cycle and the size of body shape are often considered when selecting gene research materials. Drosophila in insects, mice in mammals and Arabidopsis thaliana in seed plants are often used as materials for genetic research because of their short life cycle and small size. Escherichia coli and its phage are commonly used materials in molecular genetics research.
Biochemical methods are widely used in almost all branches of genetics, which is more necessary for molecular genetics. Recombinant DNA technology or genetic engineering technology in molecular genetics has gradually become a powerful tool for genetic research.
Systems genetics's research methods are system science theory, omics biotechnology, computational biology and synthetic biology.