1 Do these "height rumors" make sense?
"The height of China people has soared, and the most important thing is that everyone's nutrition is getting better and better." Professor Wu Xueyan, from the Department of Endocrinology of Peking Union Medical College Hospital, said that the increase in height around the world is also one of the reasons.
In addition, height is also affected by heredity, disease and many other aspects. For a long time, there have been many folk sayings related to height, from which we can also see some height secrets.
"Three-year-old height"
Wu Xueyan said that there is some truth in this statement. In a person's life, there are two "growth" periods:
One is the first year after birth. People are about 50 cm when they are born, 75 cm when they are one year old, and 5 cm every year thereafter. Adults whose height exceeds 1/3 grow up before the age of 2.
Second, before puberty, it can grow 8- 10 cm a year. Next, there is a sharp leap in the development of youth. This jump method varies from person to person. Most boys can grow about 30 cm, and girls can grow about 25 cm.
"Twenty-three shots, one shot"
Wu Xueyan said that in the past, due to malnutrition, puberty growth stagnated, and compensatory growth appeared in the late adolescence, so there was a phenomenon of "twenty-three jumps" among individuals. In fact, people won't grow another one when they are fifteen or sixteen.
Children's Hospital affiliated to Chongqing Medical University investigated 1000 teenagers. The results showed that the epiphyses of boys reached 65,438+08 years old and girls reached 65,438+06 years old, and the epiphyses were basically closed and would not grow taller.
"Dad is short and mom is short."
Wu Xueyan said that this is a wrong message. Moreover, 35% of the factors that determine height come from father, 35% from mother, and the remaining 30% are related to nutrition, exercise and other factors.
"The morning is long and the night is long."
Some parents think that short children will only grow late and keep up in a year or two. Professor Pan Hui from the Department of Endocrinology of Peking Union Medical College Hospital said that there is a golden line to judge whether a child is short or short, and that is 4 years old. At this time, the secretion of growth hormone in the human body has basically taken shape, and it can be seen from the figure whether there is any defect.
Growing up too early is even more harmful. A precocious child is like a car that rushes out of the starting line without filling up. It may be ahead at first, but it will soon break down halfway because of lack of power and eventually be caught up by other cars.
Wu Xueyan told reporters that children with precocious puberty may enter puberty one year ahead of schedule, and their adult height will be less than 6 cm.
"The older you get, the more you smoke."
After the age of 50, people's height will drop. In fact, middle-aged and elderly people often measure their height and can also evaluate the degree of aging to some extent.
Dr. Holly Sack, director of the Cleveland Center for Professional Women's Health in the United States, said that people reach their highest height at the age of 2 1 year. Height should be measured once a year after 2 1 year. If the height is 3.8 cm shorter than 2 1 year, the bone density should be checked immediately.
A study published in the British Journal of Internal Medicine also shows that if the height is reduced by 3 cm or more within 20 years, older men are more likely to die of a heart attack.
2 What determines height?
Many parents think that children's height is "natural". In fact, besides heredity, there are many factors that determine height, such as endocrine, nutritional metabolism, psychology, sleep, exercise and so on. Martial arts strictly lists the rankings that determine the height of the human body.
First place: heredity
According to research, 75% of a person's final height depends on genetic factors. In other words, in general, parents are tall and children are tall; Parents are short and children are short.
Professor Luo Xiaoping, director of the Pediatrics Department of tongji hospital affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, told the reporter that there is indeed a formula to predict the height of the next generation of adults (the target height of children):
Adult height of son = (father height+mother height+13cm)/2;
Adult height of daughter = (father height+mother height-13cm) /2.
However, the height of parents is not the only factor that affects the height of children. There are also cases in life where parents are not tall, but children are "outstanding".
Second place: nutrition
Height is "accumulated" by nutrition, and protein is the main "building material" of human body.
Even with the best genes, malnutrition will not grow taller. In addition, "spiritual nutrition" will also determine the size of the child. If a child grows up without family warmth, his height is often shorter than that of his peers.
Third place: normal development
The following factors will affect the normal development of children.
Precocious puberty: children with precocious puberty have early bone development, but they will close earlier, and eventually their height will be lower than that of children with normal development.
Lack of sleep: Lack of sleep has an important influence on height.
Posture: Some children don't pay much attention to the correct posture of standing, sitting, walking, reading and writing, and habitually bow their heads, shrug their shoulders, hold out their chests and hunch back, which will lead to spinal deformation and affect their height 1-5 cm.
Fourth place: disease
Chronic gastroenteritis's disease, heart disease and other diseases that lead to nutrient absorption disorders will make children's bodies undernourished and their height can't grow normally. There are also some diseases that directly affect height, such as hypothyroidism and pituitary dysfunction.
Fifth place: region, climate
There is indeed a difference between north and south.
The climate in the north is cold, and people living there have slow metabolism, most of them develop late, and their basic height is high, so they are relatively high. People living in tropical areas, because of the warm or hot climate, have a fast metabolism, most of them develop early in adolescence and have a low basic height, so their bodies will be shorter.
Seasons also affect people's "growth".
According to a survey conducted by the World Health Organization, children's growth rate is the fastest in May, and the slowest in June is 5438+ 10. Therefore, children should be provided with adequate nutrition around May.
So how can we grow one?
Eat well and sleep well to grow.
If parents are not tall, how to create acquired conditions to make up for congenital deficiency? Several experts suggested that in order to grasp the "golden season" of growth before 18 years old, efforts should be made in nutrition, exercise and sleep.
Protein and minerals are indispensable.
10- 13-year-olds need 70g of protein every day, and 13- 18-year-olds need 80g. A glass of milk every day is the secret to increase their height. Among minerals, calcium, phosphorus and zinc must be indispensable. Pay attention to losing weight for chubby children. Being overweight will also affect their height.
Must be outdoors every day 1 hour.
Babies can do active or passive gymnastics; School-age children can do upward jumping sports, such as bungee jumping, kicking shuttlecock and various ball games; Teenagers can do jumping sports such as high jump, and can also do whole-body sports such as basketball and volleyball. Weight-lifting, barbell, shot put, discus and other weight-bearing training, it is best not to practice before 18 years old.
Go to bed before 10.
Growth hormone is secreted during deep sleep at night. Children aged 3-6 should sleep 10- 12 hours a day; 9- 10 class hours for primary and junior high school students; High school students spend 8-9 hours every day. In order to enter a deep sleep state as soon as possible, children had better fall asleep before 10 at night.
Try to squat less.
Squatting and playing will lead to poor blood circulation in the legs and outward bending of the bones. When sitting in a chair, let your back rest on the back of the chair. This posture helps to keep the spine straight.
Untie your clothes and socks.
Too tight clothes will affect blood circulation, especially socks that are difficult to put on and take off, which will affect blood circulation in the legs and is not conducive to growth.
Measure your height every two months.
Generally speaking, children's annual growth rate is less than 4 cm. When the gap with children of the same age gradually widens, you should pay more attention to it. You should take your children to the pediatric endocrinology department for consultation and examination as soon as possible.
Don't be superstitious about tonic