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How did the plane fly into the sky?
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2022-06-29 More than 20 users have adopted TA's answer.
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The cross section of an airplane wing is generally blunt at the front end, sharp at the rear end, with an arched upper surface and a flat lower surface. When the same mass of air passes through the upper and lower surfaces of the wing at the same time, different flow velocities will be formed up and down the wing. When the air passes through the upper surface of the wing, the speed is high and the pressure is low; When passing through the lower surface, the flow velocity is small and the pressure is high, so the plane will have an upward resultant force, that is, upward lift. Because of the lift, the plane can leave the ground and fly in the air. The faster the plane flies, the larger the wing area, and the greater the lift generated.
The direction of gravity is opposite to the lift. It is a downward force influenced by the gravity of the earth, which is influenced by the weight of the aircraft itself and the amount of fuel it carries. The pulling force urges the plane to fly forward in the air, and the engine power determines the pulling force. Generally speaking, the greater the output power of the engine, the greater the thrust generated and the faster the flight speed of the aircraft. When an aircraft flies in the air, it will be hindered by atmospheric molecules in the air, forming a resistance opposite to the pulling force and limiting the flight speed of the aircraft.
The takeoff of an airplane depends on the lift generated by the relative movement with the air, and the lift depends on the relative speed between the airplane and the air, not the relative speed between the airplane and the ground. If you take off against the wind, the taxiing speed of the plane is opposite to the wind speed, and the relative speed between the plane and the air is equal to the sum of the two.
At this time, the aircraft can get the lift needed to get off the ground at a small taxi speed. Therefore, compared with windless takeoff, the distance required for taking off against the wind will be shorter. On the contrary, if you take off with the wind, the plane will have to reach a great taxiing speed to get the lift needed to get off the ground, and the taxiing distance is also relatively long.
Landing is similar to taking off. In the process of landing, it is necessary to keep enough lift while slowing down to ensure the plane can descend smoothly. When landing against the wind, the aircraft can get the required lift at a low speed, thus reducing the relative speed between the landing moment and the ground and further shortening the taxiing distance.
In order to get the same lift when landing with the wind, the relative speed between the plane and the ground is greater than that when landing against the wind. This increases the speed of the plane at the moment of landing and lengthens the taxiing distance. Poor control is likely to cause security risks.
The plane flies by the pull provided by the engine and the lift generated by the fixed wing. The airplane is one of the greatest inventions in the 20th century, which was invented by the Wright brothers. Now it is an ordinary and fast means of transportation.
First of all, the lift of the plane
The upper surface of an airplane wing is arched and the lower surface is flat. When the same air passes through the upper and lower surfaces of the wing, different flow velocities will be formed up and down the wing. When air passes through the upper surface of the wing, the speed is very high, so the pressure is very low. When passing through the lower surface, the flow velocity is small, so the pressure is relatively high. At this time, the plane will form an overall upward resultant force, which is the lift of the plane. Because of the lift, the plane can leave the ground and fly in the air.
Second, the pull of the plane.
The gravity of an airplane is influenced by its own weight and the fuel it carries, which is opposite to the lift. The magnitude of the aircraft pulling force is determined by the engine technology, and the pulling force will make the aircraft fly forward in the air. Generally speaking, the greater the engine power and the greater the pulling force, the faster the plane will fly. When an airplane flies in the air, it will be subjected to air resistance, which is contrary to the pulling force and will limit the flying speed of the airplane.
Third, the take-off of the plane.
When an airplane takes off, it generates lift through relative motion with air, and the lift depends on the relative speed between the airplane and the air. If you take off against the wind, the speed of the plane is opposite to the wind speed. The relative speed between the plane and the speed is equal to the sum of the two. At this time, the plane only needs a small speed to get the corresponding lift. Therefore, compared with windless conditions, the taxiing distance required for an airplane to take off against the wind will be shorter. In the process of gradual landing, the plane should slow down and maintain enough lift to make the plane land smoothly.
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