Ye Shengtao once said: "Thinking is a metaphor, comparing a speech and an article to a road that thought has traveled. Where to start thinking, how to move forward step by step, and finally reach the end of this road, we must be down-to-earth and clear, which is to pay attention to the development of thinking. Down-to-earth, I found that my idea was realized step by step along this road. I didn't skip a paragraph or two, and I didn't go astray halfway. The final destination is only the end of this road. This is a fluent word or a fluent article. If the contrary is found, it will not be so smooth or not so smooth. At this time, it is different to say that it is smooth and not smooth, but it is based on the actual situation of the assessment thinking, which is justified. To practice such basic skills well, whether you listen to others, watch others read, or speak and write by yourself, you will have a foundation and will not blindly ponder. Therefore, I hope that when you practice reading and writing, you should consciously pay attention to the development of ideas. How to connect the next sentence with the previous one, how to connect the latter paragraph with the previous one, which sentence is related to the previous one, which paragraphs are allocated to the previous one, and so on. They are all differentiated and thoughtful. This is a concrete way to consciously pay attention to the development of ideas. " Comments on reading and writing, and the relationship between reading and writing.
If the specific content to be sorted out is a single sentence, pay attention to the sentence structure; If it is a compound sentence or a group of sentences, pay attention to the relationship between the sentences; If it is a paragraph, you can start with punctuation or hierarchy-this is the first step;
The second step is to find out the key words or core words in the text (or sentence) through analysis, that is, words that reflect the main ideas and ideological contents of the paragraph (or sentence), and summarize them accurately and laboriously with ready-made words in the text.
To correctly grasp the core sentence, we must grasp the quasi-central sentence (key sentence). There are two ways to grasp the central sentence:
★ ① Cut to the chase: key sentences appear in the first sentence (general sentence) or at the beginning of an article paragraph.
★ (2) Expression style: key sentences appear at the end sentence or the last sentence (summary sentence) of an article paragraph.
★ ③ Head-to-tail echo type: key sentences appear at the beginning of the first sentence (general leading sentence) of an article paragraph and are taken care of or strengthened at the end of the paragraph.
Generally speaking, the positions of these three key sentences appear in the most typical way in a paragraph, and fast reading can generally be completed by pinching the head and tail paragraph by paragraph.
(4) central flowering: key sentences appear in the development sentences of paragraphs.
⑤ A string of beads: Key sentences are regularly presented in paragraphs in the form of repeated keywords.
⑥ Goddess scattered type: key sentences are scattered in paragraphs in the form of keywords (which can be irregular dots).
There are five ways of expression: narration, description, explanation, lyricism and discussion. The first three are called "painting dragons" and the last two are "the finishing touch".
The way to quickly filter key information is to seize the "finishing touch".
☆ Lyricism is an important means to express the author's feelings, impress readers and infect readers.
Discussion means that the author expresses his opinions on an object of discussion to show his views and attitudes.
The logo word of "make the finishing point" is:
(1) Inferential words of explicit reasoning, such as "having great influence" and "entering a new stage";
② Inferential words of implicit reasoning, such as
One is positive quotation, that is, the quoted viewpoint supports or strengthens the author's own viewpoint from the front. Signs such as "as" usually use "in addition", "therefore", "so", "visible" and "in short" to draw the author's point of view.
The other is reverse quotation, that is, the quoted viewpoint runs counter to the author's viewpoint. Signs are "some people think", "generally think" and "there is a view that" and so on, which usually leads to the author's own different views from "misfortune", "misfortune", "necessity", "actually" and "actually".
☆ Narration is the author's description and explanation of characters experience, the development and change of events, and the transformation of scenes and spaces.
Description is to describe the state of people or scenery with vivid language.
Description is an expression that clearly explains the shape, nature, characteristics, causes, relationships and functions of things in concise words.
☆ Generally, the sign words of total score type have digital display or colon;
There are also brackets that indicate generality, such as "in one word" and "like this".
Attached to the original text: ① I remember that Sister Xianglin once persistently asked, Is there a "soul"? At that time, Sister Xianglin was already "woodcut-like". "It only takes a blink of an eye to show that she is a living thing." Such a numb person actually asks "soul", which shows that this thing is really important!
People actually have souls. If a person loses his soul, then he is just an empty shell, and living is very boring. The "soul" is invisible and intangible, so it is sometimes lost, but it is still unconscious.
(3) What is the human soul? To put it bluntly, it is a certain spirit of human beings. "Xiu Yuan is a long road, and I will go up and down to find it", which is the soul of Qu Old Master Q; "Leave the beginning, clean up the old mountains and rivers and face the sky", which is the soul of Marshal Yue; "beheading doesn't matter, just be true", this is the soul of Xia, the producer of * * *; There is also the soul of Lei Feng, that is, "to contribute limited life to serve the people infinitely" ... It is these souls that have condensed into the soul of our nation, enabling our nation to wade through the rolling long river of history and move towards civilization and prosperity. Although they are all dead, their souls are still alive and become our backbone.
(4) Not only the dead can have souls; The living also have souls. The hero replied that Hong Gang's spirit of not being afraid of violence, going forward bravely and chasing gangsters is his soul; Young volunteers are enthusiastic about serving the society and offering a piece of love for the society, which is also their soul. ...
However, in our life, some people have lost this precious soul, pregnant women have been humiliated, and there are many onlookers, but they are all like "woodcuts"; Seeing the rescue soldier asking for help, he seemed invisible; More than 100 people are sick, and it has passed, but they all stand by and watch ... There are many, many such examples, all of which are irritating. If Lu Tiyu's official has experienced it, he will have to open his fingers or wave his fists again.
Six people, always have a little spirit. There is nothing wrong with what the great man said. Man himself cannot be eternal, only the spirit of man can be eternal!
⑦ What if you lose your soul? The important thing is to try to get it back. Come to think of it carefully, Sister Xianglin is not "numb" but "heartless". At least, she has consciously or unconsciously realized that she has lost her "soul", even though her so-called "soul" is nothing. And some of us now have lost vital souls, and are still ignorant and ignorant. This is terrible.
According to superstition, if a person loses his "soul", he will lose his mind and be delirious. We should "call" and "call" back in time. If time is long, it will be difficult for this "soul" to return to itself. Superstition is not credible, but sometimes we can learn something from it. For some of us, we should "call" and "call" in time:
"Soul, come back!"
18. This paper focuses on "soul", with distinct levels and strong logic between paragraphs. Please fill in two words in the box below to show the idea of this article: () → () → (? )→( ? )
Answer analysis
(Ask the soul) → (Have a soul )→ (Lost soul | Lost soul )→ (Call the soul | Call the soul | Return to the soul)
To solve this problem analytically, we must first understand the requirements of the problem. In fact, this question requires candidates to summarize the general idea of each level on the basis of analyzing the levels of the article, but its requirements go further, with two words at each level, and there are hints around the "soul" in the stem of the question. To put it bluntly, one of the two words is the word "soul". The requirements are clear, and the following are carried out in turn. The first paragraph is the first floor. The first or last sentence of this paragraph is a key sentence, and the core word is "ask", so fill in "ask the soul". ②-④ Section is a layer. All three paragraphs say that man has a soul, and the first sentence of the second paragraph always works. "People actually have souls", so the core word is "soul". The fifth and sixth paragraphs say that some people have lost their precious "souls" in real life. The first sentence of paragraph 5 is also the central sentence, which expresses the meaning of this layer. The core word should be "lost soul". ⑦, ⑧ paragraphs are combined into one layer, saying that after losing your soul, you should get it back in time and call it back. The first sentence of paragraph 7 points out this meaning by asking questions, and the core word is "summon the soul" or "arouse the soul"
As can be seen from the above example, most levels have a central sentence, which is mostly at the beginning and sometimes at the end of each level. There are important key words in the central sentence, and finding them will help us summarize the specific content.