Benjamin Nong (Tang Dynasty) hoed in the afternoon, and sweat dripped down the soil. Who knows that every meal in the plate is bitter. [Note] 1. Unfortunately. 2. Hoe: Use a hoe to loosen the soil around the seedlings. [Analysis] This poem is about the hardships of labor, and the fruits of labor are hard to come by. The first and second sentences, "When weeding at noon, sweat drips down the soil", depict farmers still working in the fields under the scorching sun at noon. These two poems choose a specific scene and vividly describe the hardships of labor. With these two specific descriptions, the sighs and warnings in the third and fourth sentences, "Who knows that every grain is hard", are freed from the empty and abstract preaching and become flesh-and-blood and far-reaching proverbs. This poem doesn't start with specific people and things. It reflects not the personal experience, but the life and destiny of the whole peasant. The poet chose typical details of life and well-known facts, and profoundly exposed the unreasonable social system. Telling people to save things and not to waste them on expression techniques, the author adopts the method of contrast and contrast, which not only gives people a clear and strong impression, but also makes people think deeply, leaving the problems to readers to think for themselves, thus achieving better results. About the author: Li Shen (772-846) was born in Wuxi (now Wuxi, Jiangsu). Poets in Tang Dynasty. [Edit this paragraph] Li Shen's peasant poem 2 Farmer Tang Li Shenchun planted a millet in spring and harvested 10,000 seeds in autumn. There are no idle fields in the four seas, but farmers are still hungry. [Note] 1. Unfortunately. 2. Xiaomi: (ù) Xiaomi, Xiaomi. Here generally refers to the seeds of grain. Jude: More. 4. Four Seas: Four Seas, the world. [Analysis] This is a poem that exposes social injustice and sympathizes with the sufferings of farmers, focusing on the cruel exploitation suffered by farmers in the old society. In the first and second sentences, "a drop in the spring and 10,000 kinds in the autumn harvest", the use of "spring planting" and "autumn harvest" can roughly describe farmers' labor. From "one millet" to "10,000 seeds", the scene of bumper harvest is vividly written. The third sentence, "There are no idle fields in the four seas", even states that all the land in the country has been reclaimed, and there is no idle field. The semantics of this sentence and the first two sentences complement each other, thus showing a fruitful and fruitful scene everywhere. The working people have worked hard to create such great wealth. Is it reasonable to have plenty of food and clothing in a bumper harvest year? Who knows that sentence is "that farmer still starved to death." This is really shocking! The word "Jude" is thought-provoking: who deprived farmers of the fruits of their labor and trapped them to death? The word "I still starved to death" profoundly exposed social injustice and condensed the poet's strong indignation and sincere sympathy. About the author: Li Shen (772-846) was born in Wuxi (now Wuxi, Jiangsu). Poets in Tang Dynasty. [Edit this paragraph] Li Shen's "Farming Poems" 3 plowing the fields, the hands are hungry. The woman who weaves shuttles under the window is powerless. I want to be a beautiful woman. Laughing it off is worthless, and the country is naturally fat. For thousands of years, people have only read the first two of Shen Li's three poems that sympathize with farmers. This third poem, Poems for Peasants, reached the palace. Where did it go? It was not until modern times that people found it in the Tang poems of Dunhuang Grottoes. [Edit this paragraph] The story about Shen Lishi's compassion for farmers There was a great poet in the Tang Dynasty named Li Shen who lived in Bozhou. Li Shen was eager to learn from an early age. At the age of 20, he was a scholar. The emperor saw that he was knowledgeable and outstanding, and recruited a bachelor of Hanlin. One summer, Li Shen returned to his hometown of Bozhou to visit relatives and friends. It happened that Li Huichao, the envoy of East Zhejiang, was passing through Bozhou on business. They are kindred spirits and friends of literati, so it is natural to meet again after a long separation. On this day, Li and I boarded the observation deck in the east of the city hand in hand. Looking into the distance, the two are full of ups and downs. Li sighed and recited another poem. The last two sentences are: Why do you still have a long way to go? You have moved to the stage for many years. It means, if only the promotion could be as fast as the stage. Li Shen was moved by another sight at this time. When he saw the farmers in the field hoeing in the hot sun, he couldn't help feeling, and casually recited: It was noon when hoeing, and sweat dripped down the soil. Who knows every grain of Chinese food is hard! Hearing this, Li Lian said, "Good, good! This song is so beautiful! It is not easy to have a porridge and a meal! " Li Shen sighed, and then chanted: A millet is planted in spring, and 10,000 seeds are harvested in autumn. There are no idle fields in the four seas, and farmers starve to death! Hearing this, Li said, God, didn't this expose the shortcomings of the imperial court? This kid has a lot of nerve. Back in the study, Li said to him, "Brother, can you copy down the two poems you just recited for me? It's not a waste for us to travel together. " Li Shen said thoughtfully, "This poem has only three or four crosses. I've heard it for my brother, so I can remember it naturally. Why do you want to copy? If you must write, it is better to write another gift from the Prime Minister. " Li had to say, "All right, all right." Then, Shen Li wrote another poem: Plow the fields on the ridges of fields, and grow hungry in your hands. The woman who weaves shuttles under the window is powerless. I want to be a beautiful woman. Laughing it off is worthless, and the country is naturally fat. Write it down and give it to Li for revision. After reading it, Li felt that this poem was more specific than the first two words accusing the court. The next day, Li said goodbye and left Beijing. Li seems to be very nice, but deep down, he wants to use him as a stepping stone to by going up one flight of stairs. When he returned to Korea, he immediately bowed to the emperor and said, "Long live the sovereign. Today, Li Shen, a bachelor of the Hanlin Academy, wrote anti-poetry to vent his personal anger. " Emperor Wu Zong was frightened and asked, "How can I tell?" Li hurriedly presented his poem. Emperor Wu called Li Shen to the Golden Palace and took out this poem. Li Shen read it and said, "I wrote this book when I saw the sufferings of people's livelihood after I returned to China. I hope your majesty can abide by it! " Wu Zong said: "I have lived in Gaotang for a long time and forgot the people's feelings. I am guilty, too. I'm sorry to remind you. Today, I make you the right servant of Shangshu, and let you manage the affairs of Shang Dynasty, govern the country and protect the people. " Li Shen kowtowed and said, "Thank you, Emperor!" Wu Zong added, "Thank you for your recommendation." I am grateful to Li. On the other hand, Li heard that he was promoted to an official position, but he was surprised and scared. He was scared, but he came to thank him. Li was kept in the dark and had to hum. Soon, Li was transferred to Yunnan as an observer and resigned from his post. Only then did I feel that I was stealing chickens and eating rice. For thousands of years, people have only read the first two of Shen Li's three poems that sympathize with farmers. This third poem, Poems for Peasants, reached the palace. Where did it go? Only in modern times did people find it in the Tang poems of Dunhuang Grottoes. [Edit this paragraph] 2. Other poems that show sympathy for farmers show sympathy for farmers, and yellow wind is everywhere. No cloud is difficult to rain, and the people receive less. Comment: The four sentences in this poem are causal. The first sentence "God has no pity on farmers" highlights God's ruthlessness by anthropomorphic means. The second sentence comes from "God has no mercy on farmers", which leads to "Yellow Wind Everywhere". The yellow wind dispersed the clouds, so there was no rain. The last sentence is the result of drought and no rain: "Less harvest", which leads to the theme of the whole poem. The whole poem is clear and profound, showing sympathy for people's livelihood in a simple narrative. It looks like a lecture, but it reads like crying and complaining. One hundred villages have been suffering from drought for many years, and there is no water in the fields. God is lazy, but Qiu Lai is empty. Note: Water content: agricultural production term, which refers to the humidity of soil. Comments: The first two sentences, "Hundreds of villages have been dry for years, and there is no water in the underground", are written about the lack of water in the soil deep underground caused by years of drought. The last two sentences, "God is lazy in distributing rain, and Qiu Lai is empty", are anthropomorphic, showing Qiu Lai's disappointment at the hopeless harvest. There are rain clouds in the sky, not rain but wind. During the day, there was no farm in the field, but jathyapple looked after the crying people. Comments: When the weather is dry and rainy, I expect a cloud that looks like rain, but it is often blown away by a gust of wind. The first two sentences, "There are rain clouds floating in the sky, but it is not rain, only wind", are about this kind of helplessness that makes people happy and sad at first sight. The last two sentences, "There is no farmer's shadow in the field during the day, but jathyapple is like a man crying for food", write that the sun is poisonous and hot during the day, and there is no farmer's shadow in the field, but the moon can look after the farmer crying for food at night. After reading this poem, I suddenly feel sour and the people's livelihood is difficult, which can really hurt my heart. In dry days, neighbors steal irrigation to fight for water, and neighbors in the west take the opportunity to steal irrigation. After three hours and a half of water, it's hard to relax with trepidation. Comments: In the mountainous area of Lvliang where the author lives, there are nine droughts in ten years. Whenever there is a big drought, farmers will fight for water. This poem records a funny scene in which a "western neighbor" uses an "eastern neighbor" to compete for water and steal water to irrigate the fields, but he is uneasy. The first two sentences tell the story of stealing irrigation. The third sentence "water for one and a half minutes every three hours" highlights the lack of local water resources with slow watering, which further reflects the inevitability of "fighting between neighbors in the east" and "stealing irrigation from neighbors in the west" at that time. The last sentence, "I'm afraid I can't be idle", describes the panic mentality of the west neighbors when they steal irrigation, and expresses the author's sympathy for the "east neighbors" and "west neighbors" who are in the same dry weather by comedy. On the second day of August, the rain was sentimental. Since ancient times, red dates have been harvested, and thousands of families have basked in the grain. On the second day of August, it began to rain, and the farmers in Liang were empty and worried. Comments: Jujube is drought-tolerant and doesn't like rain, so in case of drought, jujube will have a good harvest. Millet and millet are not drought-tolerant and like rain. The poem is written in early August, when the millet and millet are all sunburned, and there is no hope of a bumper harvest. However, red dates are close to a bumper harvest. However, an obscene rain not only destroyed the good dream of jujube farmers, but also failed to bring hope to Liang farmers. The first two sentences, "Every family has stopped drying millet since the ancient jujube harvest", tell people that although millet is hopeless, jujube is about to harvest. Although the bitterness is obvious, it has left a trace of joy for people after all. The last two sentences, "It rains on the second day of August, and Liang Zhongnong worries about his peasants", are like a blow to the head, tearing all people's little joys to pieces and then disappearing without a trace. The whole poem is low-pitched, vigorous and powerful, full of anxiety and helplessness, and contains protests and grievances against nature. (Originally published by Liu Xiaofeng, "There are clothes in the sky") Baidu Encyclopedia entries are for reference only. If you need to solve specific problems (especially in the fields of law and medicine), I suggest you consult professionals in related fields. This entry is helpful to me. 343 references:
1. xi.gov.cn/bozhoulishi/, Anhui10-509.html, People's Education Press [I will improve] Related terms: More Koike Quiet Night Thinking Villages Open classification: literature, poetry, ancient poetry.