I. Model essay 1: Model essay on social investigation report
Over the past XX years, under the correct leadership of the district party committee and government, the Cultural Bureau of XX District, guided by the important thought of the 18th National Congress, adhered to the Scientific Outlook on Development, actively supported and cared for rural self-management cultural activities, and vigorously carried out activities concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers. The cultural work run by farmers in towns and villages in the whole region has made great progress. The following is the social survey report of this activity:
1. Purify the rural cultural market and establish a new civilized atmosphere of rural customs.
Farmers' self-management culture generally has the characteristics of strong attraction of cultural practice activities, relatively healthy content and strong physical and mental satisfaction of participants. This means that in rural society, the more popular the culture of farmers' self-management, the more farmers will fall into it, and correspondingly, the fewer farmers will linger in the cultural lag and indulge in decay. So as to provide healthy nutrients and good guidance for the formation of civilized rural wind. Learn more scientific and cultural knowledge and participate in healthy and beneficial activities; Feudal superstition activities are less and gambling is less.
2. Inheriting local culture and promoting rural spiritual civilization construction.
A considerable part of farmers' self-management culture originates from rural folk culture, or has different degrees of folk characteristics, which is the inheritance of rural folk culture. This is because rural folk culture is often complementary and balanced with farmers' production in terms of time arrangement, content and form, adapted and integrated with farmers' life, and it is easy to cultivate the same interests and hobbies and become rich cultural resources for farmers. Therefore, rural folk culture is easy to be imitated and adopted by farmers in their spare time and life today, and it is also easy to be transformed into farmers' own culture. Therefore, farmers' self-management culture will make great contributions to the construction of spiritual civilization in contemporary rural areas because of its cultural inheritance effect.
3. Improve farmers' cultural quality and enhance farmers' ability to get rich.
Among the rich farmers' self-management cultures, there are many farmers' self-management cultures whose main purpose and content are to enlighten the people's wisdom, such as farmers' reading clubs, farmers' bookstores, farmers' cultural courtyards, farmers' story meetings, farmers' film projection teams (showing various scientific and educational films) and so on. The more this farmer-run culture develops and spreads, the more it will help to improve the scientific and cultural quality of farmers and contribute to the development of rural economy.
4. Increase communication and promote the aggregation function of rural social stability.
Since farmers' self-management culture is generally accompanied by the aggregation of farmers, it greatly increases the opportunities for farmers to interact, communicate and communicate, and the result is often helpful to promote the harmony among neighbors, mother-in-law, party member cadres and the masses, and realize the stability of rural society. Contribute to the construction of a harmonious society in rural areas.
Model article 2: Investigation report on middle school students' online society. In less than two months' internship, I practiced in ... junior high school, equipped with computer network system, multimedia teaching system, teaching site evaluation system, campus broadcasting system and closed-circuit television system, which made campus teaching facilities networked and realized the modernization of teaching methods. The survey of middle school students' internet access is as follows
(A) Middle school students and their parents' attitudes towards the Internet and related behaviors
1. Middle school students have a very high online rate and spend a long time online, but most parents have never been online and most teachers have no online experience.
Internet attracts middle school students with its unique charm. According to the survey, 93.5% of middle school students are interested in the Internet, and 1 1.4% of them think that "it is unbearable not to surf the Internet for a long time". Weekends and holidays are the peak times for middle school students to surf the Internet. Compared with children, parents and teachers are greatly inferior. 45.2% parents said they didn't know what the Internet was, 69.2% parents never used it, and only 7.7% parents used it frequently. Most teachers spend less time online, and their online experience is obviously insufficient.
2. Most middle school students are not satisfied with the conditions of surfing the Internet at school. Parents and teachers called for improving conditions.
Only 19.4% of middle school students are satisfied with the internet after class, and the dissatisfaction rate is 59.2%. 24.9% of middle school students have learned the skills of surfing the Internet at school, and 38.3% of middle school students think that the school has not taught them the necessary skills of surfing the Internet. At the same time, many teachers are not satisfied with the current situation of school network resources, especially the utilization rate of existing resources. According to teachers, campus network facilities and multimedia teaching equipment are mainly used to display courseware and open classes, but they are not fully utilized in normal lesson preparation and classroom teaching, and cannot fully meet the needs of students surfing the Internet at school.
Most parents are in favor of their children surfing the Internet, but they are worried that their children's surfing the Internet will affect their study.
For children surfing the Internet, 27% of parents are in favor, while only 15.9% are against it. Most parents let nature take its course, but nearly half of them hope that their children can engage in online work in the future. Up to 90% of parents think that the biggest advantage of the internet is that it can "broaden their horizons, increase their knowledge and master computer skills"; At the same time, 29.5% of parents still think that the Internet can promote their children's interest in learning, and 1 1% of parents think that "the Internet has no benefits and functions". 58.5% of parents said that the most unacceptable thing is that children will waste time and delay their studies on the Internet. Obviously, most parents are ambivalent: they want their children to enjoy the benefits of the Internet, but they are more afraid of neglecting their studies because they are obsessed with the Internet. In addition, parents are deeply anxious about browsing obscene, reactionary and violent information, online dating and indulging in online games.
(B) the impact of the network environment on middle school students
1. The positive influence of network environment on middle school students
(1) Middle school students' use of the Internet helps to form a global awareness and strengthen their sense of responsibility for the country and the nation. Through the window of the internet, they pay attention to "family affairs, state affairs and what's going on in the world", and their horizons are unprecedented. The enhancement of global awareness has adapted to the new situation of China's entry into WTO, which is obviously beneficial for middle school students to enter an increasingly integrated world in the future.
(2) Internet provides favorable conditions for middle school students to study and broadens their horizons. Network resources meet the needs of middle school students for inquiry learning and research learning to a certain extent.
(3) Middle school students' use of the Internet helps to expand the scope of communication and promote the mental health development of teenagers. On the internet, e-mail, oicq, chat rooms, bbs, etc. They have brought people and strangers from all corners of the country to a "zero distance." In the process of mutual consultation, conversation, discussion, heart-to-heart talk and consultation, the strong desire for expression, expression and social interaction of middle school students is greatly satisfied. This is good for relieving stress and maintaining adolescent mental health.
(4) Middle school students often surf the Internet, which stimulates their enthusiasm for learning English and modern science and technology.
2. The negative impact of the Internet on middle school students
(1) Middle school students suffer greatly from online information junk.
(2) Middle school students' infatuation with the Internet has an impact on their studies.
(3) Online chatting leads to online dating. According to the survey, 6.7% of middle school students admit to having "online dating" behavior (the actual proportion will be more). There are many emotional traps in online dating, and middle school students are often victims.
(4) Bad network culture weakens middle school students' moral consciousness.
(5) The management of Internet cafes is still serious, causing many problems for middle school students.
(3) Countermeasures and suggestions
Network environment poses new challenges to moral education in middle schools, and also provides many opportunities. Comrade xx emphasized at the Central Ideological and Political Work Conference: "For information networking, our basic policy is to actively develop, strengthen management, seek advantages and avoid disadvantages, and strive to take the initiative in the development of global information networking." This is the guiding ideology of our network moral education. We suggest that:
1. Renew the concept of education and promote the development of network moral education in schools.
First, through publicity and study, all moral education workers will change their ideas, unify their thinking and understanding, abandon the "network harmfulness theory", eliminate the "network panic disorder", and fully realize the importance of network moral education and the important role of network in the growth of middle school students.
Second, reposition the goal of school moral education, take the moral maturity of young children as the primary goal of network moral education, and strive to cultivate students' correct moral values, judgment and self-control.
Thirdly, redesign the content of school moral education, highlight the education of values on the basis of the original content of moral education, and enhance the ability to identify, evaluate and choose moral information; Pay attention to the training of moral willpower, so that students' moral understanding and behavior practice can be unified; Set up the course of network moral education to strengthen students' network moral consciousness and network responsibility.
Fourthly, using computer and network technology to expand the time and space of moral education.
2. Cultivate the team of network moral education and strengthen the strength of network moral education.
First, through various forms of training, lectures and assessment, education administrators, moral educators and all teachers at all levels can master the basic knowledge and skills of the network, be familiar with the operating methods and means of network moral education, and learn the common tools for developing moral education courseware (such as authware, director, flash, etc.). ). On the premise of stressing practical results, improve and enrich the methods and contents of "Computer Assessment for Primary and Secondary School Teachers in Shahe City", such as increasing the assessment content of teachers using the network to carry out moral education.
Secondly, select and train a group of full-time and part-time network moral education workers with high ideological and political quality, good network communication ability, rich network experience and skills, and they will provide online guidance to help online middle school students solve various psychological, ideological and learning problems; At the same time, pay attention to collect and sort out representative moral education problems on the Internet and feed them back to relevant functional departments to strengthen the pertinence of moral education work.
3. Strengthen the education of middle school students' network ethics and network behavior norms, and consciously build the "Great Wall" of the mind.
First, strengthen ideological quality education with ideals and beliefs as the theme, build the "Great Wall" of the soul with correct outlook on life, world outlook and values, and resist the erosion of various bad ideas and harmful information on the Internet.
The second is to strengthen the network behavior education and safety education of middle school students. Formulate the "Shahe City Middle School Students' Network Behavior Code", increase publicity, and improve self-protection awareness and self-restraint ability.
Third, the school can organize middle school students to browse the homepage of ideological and moral education and recommend many excellent websites at home and abroad to them, so as to turn middle school students' enthusiasm for surfing the Internet into motivation to consciously learn advanced culture and cultivate noble sentiments.
Second, the main types
(1) An investigation report introducing typical experience
A certain region, a certain unit or an enterprise has made outstanding achievements in the process of implementing the principles and policies of the party and the state, or in daily ideological and political, economic construction and scientific education. In order to reflect their specific practices and the mystery of success, we can conduct a special investigation on them and then write an investigation report. This kind of survey report introduces experience. For example, Beijing Sun Valley Economic Information Center has been engaged in this work for a long time.
There are some similarities between the investigation report introducing experience and the work newsletter, which mainly reflects the work performance. The difference is that the investigation report focuses on the investigation, especially on the description and enumeration of the investigation process and the data obtained from the investigation.
(2) Problems exposed in the investigation report
Contrary to the former type, this is an investigation report on an existing problem, the main purpose of which is to reveal various phenomena and deep-seated reasons of this problem. Its main function is to expose and criticize, explore the causes of problems, analyze the crux of problems, and provide ideas and methods to solve problems.
(3) Investigation report reflecting new things
This is a survey report written for things that have recently appeared or made great progress in social reality.
In the real society, new things are always emerging one after another. The stylistic function of investigation report reflecting new things is to comprehensively report the background, situation and characteristics of a new thing, analyze its nature and significance, and point out its development law and prospect.
(4) Investigation report on social conditions
This is a survey report written for some social situations. The social situation mentioned here mainly refers to the social atmosphere, people's wishes, marriage, support, food, clothing, housing and transportation and other basic conditions of people's lives.
Although such investigation reports do not directly reflect major political and economic issues, people's lives are also closely related to political and economic issues. In addition, these are also some issues that the masses are most concerned about. Therefore, all kinds of news media attach great importance to this report, and China Youth Daily and Wen Wei Po all set up special editions of public investigation. Travel similar to that of Beijingers —— A survey of Beijing residents' tourism consumption in Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai, and how China and his wife are doing. , all belong to this type of investigation report.
Third, the formal structure
Externally, the investigation report consists of four parts: title, preface, theme and conclusion.
title
1. Single title
Formulaic writing.
Formulaic writing is to draw up a title according to the formula of "survey object+survey topic+style name" For example, the title of "Financial Investigation of a Rich Neighborhood Committee" is like this, in which "A Rich Neighborhood Committee" is the object of investigation, "Finance" is the object of investigation and "Investigation" is the report. The advantage of this writing is that the elements are clear, and the reader can know at a glance what unit it is written and what problems it involves, and the language is also very clear. The disadvantage of this writing is that it is too patterned and not fresh and lively enough.
General article title writing.
The specific methods are flexible and diverse. You can use questions as titles, such as "What kind of books do children need? It can show the author's own point of view, such as "how difficult it is for migrant workers to defend their rights". You can tell the truth directly, such as three children going to Snake Island. Images can be used to hint at the content of the article, such as "Aircraft Carrier" chasing waves and economic ocean. There are all kinds of writing methods, but there is no example.
2. Double title
The compound title consists of a positive and negative topic, in which the positive and negative topics are generally written in the title of a regular article, and the specific means are as mentioned above. The subtitle is written in a formulaic way, which consists of the object of investigation, the theme of investigation and the name of style. For example, "Clear property rights caused a storm-a collective enterprise in Taiyuan was forcibly taken over".
order
The preface of the investigation report is generally arranged according to the structural order of the main parts of the organization materials, and the commonly used ones are as follows:
1. Summary type
The formula is to summarize the main situation of the respondents and write it at the beginning, so that readers can have a general understanding of their basic situation as soon as they enter the article. For example, at the beginning of "Winning the Market with Famous Brands —— Investigation of Shenzhen Fiyada (Group) Co., Ltd.":
Fiyta (Group) Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Fiyta) is a large-scale enterprise mainly producing watches and clocks, which was established in Shenzhen on 1987. On the fertile ground of reform and opening up in special economic zones, the company insisted on implementing the famous brand strategy and finally came from behind in the fiercely competitive watch industry. After 12 years' efforts, FIYTA has developed from a small watch factory into a listed company with total assets of over 800 million yuan and annual profit of 80 million yuan, and has become a leader among domestic peers.
Firstly, the development and main achievements of FIATA are briefly introduced.
2. metasomatism metamorphism
At the beginning, simply explain the purpose, method, time, scope and background of the survey, so that readers can understand the process and basic situation of the survey when they enter the article. The article "Investigation on the Sales of Household Sewing Machines in Beijing" begins like this:
In order to strengthen the planning, strengthen the management of household sewing machines and better grasp the market sales trend, we have adopted the methods of visiting business units and analyzing historical data to investigate the sales of household sewing machines in Beijing over the years, as well as the changes in current social ownership and market demand. After analysis, it is considered that the supply of sewing machines in Beijing market is in short supply, and the sales of sewing machines of other brands in Beijing have become saturated.
This beginning includes the purpose, method, scope and conclusion. Generally speaking, it is the beginning of confession.
3. Type of problem
Ask questions at the beginning to arouse readers' attention to the survey topic and make readers think. Such a beginning can lead to questions by asking questions, or it can be put out directly. For example, the road to success in developing socialist market economy in rural areas-An investigation on the integration of trade, industry and agriculture and the one-stop operation of production, processing and marketing;
In recent years, with the deepening of rural reform and the development of commodity economy, the integration of trade, industry and agriculture and the one-stop business model of production, processing and sales are rapidly emerging in rural areas of China. As soon as it appeared, it showed great vitality and superiority, and injected new vitality into the development of rural economy. What role does this mode of operation play in the commercialization and modernization of agriculture in China? What principles and policies should be adopted to support its development? We investigated these problems and had a discussion with relevant comrades in 10 counties (cities), and formed some understandings.
There is also the beginning of "Clarifying Property Rights-Investigation on a Collective Enterprise in Taiyuan City Being Forced to Take Over":
It is a good thing that enterprises require clear property rights in accordance with relevant laws, regulations and government regulations. However, a collective enterprise in Taiyuan was forcibly taken over by the local government department because of its clear property rights and was paralyzed. It has been more than a year since the enterprise brought the two departments of the district government to court, which has already exceeded the conclusion period, but the court has not made a judgment.
The first paragraph asks questions before writing, and the second paragraph directly exposes problems in a narrative way, all of which belong to problem-based writing.
main body
The words after the preface and before the conclusion belong to the text. This part of the material is rich and complex, and the most important problem in writing is the arrangement of structure. There are three main structural forms:
1. use the viewpoint to connect the materials in series.
It consists of several levels that express basic ideas from different aspects, and the clues centered on basic ideas run through it. For example, the text of the survey report "Guiding farmers to increase their income according to the laws of market economy-a survey in Weishan County, Shandong Province" published by People's Daily on February 9 1999 is such a form. It consists of four parts: grasping the law means grasping the root, grasping the market demand and giving full play to its own advantages, strengthening joint cooperation around market competition and promoting the four modernizations of agriculture according to the law of value. These four parts all run through the basic idea shown in the title.
2. According to the nature of the material classification and stratification.
This structure can be used for investigation reports with relatively single theme and scattered materials. After analysis and induction, the author divides materials into several types according to their different properties, and each type of materials is expressed together to form a hierarchical structure. Each level may or may not be preceded by a subtitle or serial number. For example, the People's Daily published an investigation report on February 23rd 1999 and 1999, which was written in three levels: reasons, measures and enlightenment. Among them, the reasons are summarized as five, and the enlightenment is also summarized as three, forming several small levels under the big level.
3. Stratification is naturally formed in different stages of the investigation process.
This structure can be used in the investigation report with single event and strong process. In fact, it is to find the layout of the article with time as a clue, similar to the chronological writing of narrative. 199965438+February 16, People's Daily published an article on "An Unannounced Visit to Illegal Invoice Trading in Beijing Railway Station", in which the following contents were written: 65438+February 6, 15: 35, and the reporter met the first invoice for sale at the exit on the east side of Beijing Railway Station. Before crossing the road, I met four or five young men selling invoices; After crossing the road, I was stopped by an invoice seller in brown leather, and I couldn't get away; On the northeast side of the T-junction in front of the station, I met several men and women selling invoices. This kind of writing with clear process can improve readers' interest in reading.
final result
Investigation reports often show the author's point of view at the end, and summarize and sublimate the main contents, so the end is often an important part. There are three common ways to write it:
1. Summarize the full text and clarify the main idea.
At the end of this paper, it comes down to an ideological position, such as the end of the "Investigation Report on Management Experience of Handan Iron and Steel General Plant":
The practice of Hangang has proved that in order to meet the requirements of establishing a socialist market economic system, state-owned enterprises must change their management mode and economic growth mode on the basis of changing their management mechanism, fully tap their internal potential, and improve their overall quality and market competitiveness. The practice of Hangang provides reference for state-owned enterprises to realize two fundamental changes from traditional planned economy system to socialist market economy system and from extensive management to intensive management.
This ending provides a sober and rational understanding.
2. Point out the problem and inspire thinking
If some existing problems have not attracted people's attention, and it is impossible for the author to propose solutions to the problems due to various factors, it is also very valuable to point out the problems, attract the attention of relevant parties, or inspire people to think about this problem. For example, at the end of the article "An Unannounced Visit to Illegal Invoice Trading at Beijing Railway Station":
The reporter then traveled to several places and left Beijing Station at 16: 00. In these 40 minutes, I met about 20 illegal people who sold invoices. Judging from their accents, most of them are foreigners. You can feel from their behavior that they know their actions are illegal. There are many public security and security personnel in squares and intersections to maintain order. Maybe it's a cliche. The reporter didn't see them come forward to stop this illegal act.
Who should be in charge of the illegal transaction of invoices and how? The author points out this problem, which I believe can attract the attention of relevant departments.
3. Put forward suggestions for the problems.
On the basis of revealing the related problems, this paper puts forward some feasible suggestions to solve the problems. For example,1999165438+123 October, People's Daily published a special survey, "People's consumption, how can people put up with you! I wrote a suggestive ending:
In the case that human consumption has become a trend, it is difficult to stop large-scale operation depending on which person or unit. For example, drinking a wedding banquet is often because people are disgusted with the scope of the notice, and those who have not received the notice have opinions. It is a social systematic project to curb human consumption, establish new interpersonal relationships and advocate new social fashions, which requires the joint efforts of all levels and departments. First of all, we should strengthen publicity and education. Advocate new things, do new things, manage the family diligently, practise economy, and establish new socialist interpersonal relationships. During the festival, newspapers, radio stations and television stations can hold special columns and programs for publicity, and cultural departments should select a number of excellent films (mainly about weddings, funerals and new things) to broadcast in various towns and villages. Through extensive and in-depth publicity and education, people can establish a correct view of human consumption. Second, we must formulate social norms. Establish red and white councils in government agencies, enterprises and institutions, and implement thrift to hold red and white weddings and funerals. Establish a restraint mechanism to guide, standardize and manage human consumption. The third is strict inspection. Cadres who roll with the punches and even take the opportunity to collect money should be dealt with seriously until they are exposed in the news media.
Three suggestions are put forward to solve the serious problem of human consumption, among which there are many practical measures.
Fourth, the investigation work.
basic requirement
(1) Stand and view correctly.
First of all, we must have a correct position and viewpoint, so that we can investigate and study realistically, understand the true colors of things, and draw a conclusion that conforms to objective reality.
(2) The attitude of investigation should be correct.
If you want to get rich materials, you must have full enthusiasm, hard-working style and realistic attitude.
(3) The purpose of the investigation should be clear.
Fundamentally speaking, the purpose of our investigation and study is to grasp the actual situation, help to formulate and implement correct principles and policies, set up advanced models and criticize mistakes, and make our work move in the right direction.
(d) Pay attention to the survey methods.
In order to obtain rich materials, we should also pay attention to the methods of investigation. According to the working steps, we should pay attention to the following issues:
Investigation preparation
(1) ideological armed.
(2) Select the research topic.
(3) Draw up the survey outline.
investigation method
(1) Meeting for investigation.
(2) Personal visit.
(3) Field observation.
(4) Casing investigation.
(5) Read relevant written materials.
Report writing
The first is to sort out, classify and verify the obtained materials, find out where there are missing questions, and then investigate and supplement them.
The second is to analyze and think, prompt the internal connection of materials and discover the essence of things.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) important document
Decision of the Central Committee on Investigation and Research
(194 1 August/day)
In the past 20 years, our party's research on China's history, China's society and the international situation has made progress and its knowledge has gradually increased, but it is still insufficient. Carelessness, lack of understanding, self-righteousness, subjectivism and formalism still exist seriously within the party. Since the Anti-Japanese War, our party's understanding of Japan, the national government and the social situation has made great progress, and subjectivism and formalism have also decreased. However, what we know is still casual and comic, lacking systematic and thorough understanding, and subjectivism and formalism have not been completely eliminated. In the past 20 years, due to subjectivism, formalism and ignorance, the seriousness of the losses suffered by revolutionary work has not been fully understood by the leading organs of the whole party and all comrades. Comrades who come to Yan 'an to report their work, no matter from the aspects of social class relations, friendly troops, puppet troops and friendly troops, or from their own work, mostly lack a systematic and thorough understanding of the internal and external environment of their work areas. Many comrades in the party still don't understand the truth that there is no right to speak without investigation. A thorough social survey that is not familiar with the system is the basis for deciding policies. If we don't know that the basic task of the leading organs is to understand the situation and grasp the policy, if we don't understand the situation, the policy will be wrong. I still don't know how detailed the Japanese imperialists' investigation and study of China is, and even the National Government knows the situation at home and abroad better than our party. I don't know yet that careless and self-righteous subjectivism is the first manifestation of impure party spirit; Seeking truth from facts and integrating theory with practice is the minimum attitude of a party member with strong party spirit. Our party is already a big political party shouldering the great revolutionary task. We must prevent empty and superficial things, eliminate subjectivism, and take concrete measures to strengthen the investigation and study of history, environment and specific conditions at home and abroad, inside and outside the province, and inside and outside the county, so as to effectively organize revolutionary forces and overthrow the rule of Japanese imperialism and its lackeys. Therefore, it is decided as follows:
(1) The central authorities set up investigation and research institutions to collect and study domestic and foreign materials on political, military, economic, cultural and social class relations as direct assistants to the work of the central authorities.
(2) All central bureaus, sub-bureaus, independent district party committees or provincial committees, senior organs of the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army, and senior governments in various base areas must set up investigation and research institutions to collect and study materials on the political, military, economic, cultural and social class relations between the enemy and ourselves in their respective regions, as direct assistants to the work in various regions, and at the same time provide materials to the central authorities.
(3) Methods of collecting materials: 1. Collect all kinds of newspapers, magazines and books about the political, military, economic, cultural and social class relations between China and ourselves, and collect, record, edit and study them. 2. Invite experienced people to hold an investigation meeting, with 35 to 78 people at a time, to investigate a typical case of a township, a district, a county, a city, a town, an army, a teacher, a factory, a shop, a school, and a problem (such as land problem, labor problem, refugee problem, meeting door problem). Starting with the study of typical cases, from one typical case to another, is the most practical method. Third, in rural areas, we should focus on the detailed investigation of the living conditions of landlords, rich peasants, businessmen, middle peasants, poor peasants, farm labourers, manual workers, vagrants and other classes and their relationships; In cities, the living conditions of comprador big bourgeoisie, national bourgeoisie, petty bourgeoisie, poor masses, vagrants and proletariat and their relations should be investigated in detail. Fourth, use various cadre meetings and representative meetings to collect materials. Fifth, write biographies of celebrities. Where the property of landlords and capitalists is more than 50,000 yuan, officers above the heads of enemy troops, puppet troops and friendly troops, officials above the heads of enemy-occupied areas and friendly counties, responsible persons above the heads of enemy-occupied areas, puppet troops and friendly counties, well-known celebrities, scholars, intellectuals, journalists, leaders of guilds, sects, hooligans and bandits inside and outside a county, prostitutes with names and names all over the country. At the same time, pay attention to collecting photos of all kinds of people. Sixth, individual oral inquiries. Or send someone to ask, or send someone to ask cadres, workers, farmers, intellectuals, businessmen, officials, hooligans, prisoners and sympathizers. Seventh, collect and study county chronicles, local chronicles, provincial chronicles and genealogy.