On the afternoon of the 8th, Xiao Zhang was burned twice or thrice. In Hangzhou, Xiao Zhang disinfected his head, face, neck, limbs and clothes with alcohol. Because of the cold weather, he stood beside a powerful electric heater to scrub. Results The scrubbed alcohol was heated and evaporated by the electric heater, and the clothes were ignited. Xiao Zhao's face, neck, limbs and respiratory system were burned by flames, and were identified as II-III degree burns 15%. The doctor proved that it was caused by the high temperature when the alcohol was not completely evaporated.
In response to the aggressive epidemic of pulmonary pneumonia in COVID-19, various disinfectants have become popular in shopping malls, pharmacies and the Internet. National Health Commission Policy Research Office issued "On Printing and Distributing the Diagnosis and Treatment Plan of novel coronavirus Infected Pneumonia (Trial Fifth Edition)", which emphasized that medical ether, 75% alcohol and chlorine-containing disinfectant could reasonably inactivate the virus.
Alcohol and chlorine-containing disinfectants are common disinfectants in daily life. If they are not handled properly, there are great safety risks. So, how to use alcohol for disinfection and sterilization correctly? To sum up, we must pay attention to three points: it is better to wipe than to spray; Should be less suitable for more; Avoid open flames and keep natural ventilation.
75% alcohol sterilization principle: Alcohol can hydrolyze protein according to its efficacy on bacteria, and has the efficacy of eliminating pathogenic bacteria. Excessive alcohol concentration can coagulate the protein on the surface of bacteria, thus preventing the alcohol from infiltrating inward and endangering the bacteriostatic effect. If the alcohol concentration is too low, although it can enter pathogenic bacteria, it can not coagulate protein infected by virus, nor can it completely kill pathogenic bacteria. So 75% alcohol should be used for disinfection and sterilization.
Physical and chemical characteristics: Alcohol is a flammable, volatile, colorless and transparent liquid at normal temperature and pressure. When the concentration of ethanol in the air exceeds 3%, a fire accident will occur.
Storage: laminated glass or special plastic products should be the first choice for alcohol storage, and sealed storage is prohibited. Place a special storage area, avoid being placed in direct sunlight, where the temperature is too high, avoid naked flames, and make obvious signs, and place it away from children's touch. For small bags of medical alcohol used in bulk, it is recommended that a bottle should not exceed 500ml, and there is no need to accumulate a lot of alcohol. Do not put alcohol and oxidant such as potassium permanganate solution together.
Application: Remember to avoid heat and fire sources when using alcohol. Air disinfection proposes brushing to prevent overflow in the whole process of disinfection and sterilization and maintain natural ventilation, which is not suitable for indoor spray disinfection and sterilization.
When using spray disinfection outdoors, be careful not to spray on a large area, so as to avoid the ignition risk caused by the high concentration of some sprays. It is not recommended to spray alcohol on clothes for disinfection and sterilization. In case of fire or electrostatic induction, it is likely to ignite. It is also not recommended to disinfect the surface of household appliances. Every time you take the wine, you must turn off the utensils quickly, and it is strictly forbidden to put them in an open position.
Emergency treatment: If alcohol overflows, it should be scrubbed immediately. If alcohol is accidentally ignited, fire extinguishers and carbon dioxide extinguishers can be used to put out the fire, and wet cotton towels and wet clothes can also be used to cover a small area of fire. If alcohol is ignited outdoors, it can be put out with a sand cover. When a large-scale ignition occurs, you should call the fire alarm immediately.
Sterilization mechanism of chlorine-containing disinfectant -84 disinfectant: 84 disinfectant is a commonly used chlorine-containing disinfectant, its main component is sodium hypochlorite, and the available chlorine content is 5.5~6.5%. Carbon dioxide in the air reacts with sodium hypochlorite, and the generated hypochlorous acid has oxidation effect, which can enter cells to have oxidation reaction with protein or destroy phosphate dehydrogenase, so that sugar metabolism is unbalanced and bacteria die.
Physical and chemical characteristics: 84 disinfectant is colorless or yellowish liquid with pungent smell and strong corrosiveness. It is easily influenced by light, heat and other factors and reduces the efficacy.
Storage: 84 Disinfectant should be stored in a sealed way away from light, and the container containing disinfectant must be covered. Disinfectant should be kept out of children's reach, so as not to take it by mistake. Pay attention to the production date before use, because the effective chlorine content will decrease after being left for too long, which will affect the disinfection effect.
Usage: 84 disinfectant is corrosive and irritating. It is usually used to disinfect tables, chairs, floors and other contaminated items, such as mops and rags. It should not be used to disinfect vegetables, fruits and other foods. Gloves and masks must be worn before use, and diluted according to the instructions before use. When the indoor environment is disinfected, keep ventilation. Do not mix with other disinfectants (such as toilet cleaner) to avoid chlorine poisoning caused by a large amount of chlorine.
When spraying alcohol for disinfection, pay attention to stay away from open flames and high-temperature objects. Be careful not to be near heaters, cookers and other heating appliances when storing, and be careful not to let children touch them!