Environment is an important factor for children's growth. Environment refers to the sum of material and spirit that children are exposed to. In the creation of kindergarten environment, the material environment is a necessary condition for children's development and kindergarten's survival, while the spiritual environment plays a key role in the optimal implementation of preschool education.
The creation of kindergarten environment will directly affect children's subjectivity and creativity, and a good environment can often activate children's intrinsic learning motivation. In the kindergarten environment, it is often directly influenced by education, which is often a materialization of the educational concept of the park station and teachers. In the past, due to the lack of understanding of the law of children's development. There is a misinterpretation of the creation of children's environment: teachers subjectively decorate the walls with "colorful" pictures or the luxury of kindergarten material equipment and the update and decoration of so-called "modern" facilities and equipment. We don't think about the creation of kindergarten environment from the perspective of respecting the basic laws of children's physical and mental development and educational laws, so as to create a truly meaningful paradise for children and spend a happy childhood. In September, 20001year, the Ministry of Education issued the Guiding Outline of Kindergarten Education (Trial), which clearly pointed out that children should be provided with a healthy and rich living and activity environment to meet their various development needs, so that they can gain experiences beneficial to their physical and mental development in a happy childhood. We should promote the creation of kindergarten environment to the process of creating high-quality, efficient, energetic and vital kindergarten education, and turn it into the process of creating a paradise for children to spend a happy childhood meaningfully. Therefore, the creation of kindergarten environment should first consider the needs of children's development, and the created environment should be suitable for the laws of children's physical and mental development and education, rather than simply pursuing the renewal of material equipment and extravagant comparison, let alone let all fronts be covered with teachers' subjective and creative pictures.
First, create the best spiritual environment on the basis of material environment.
With the deepening of China's reform and opening up, people's material life has been greatly improved, and the conditions for running kindergartens at all levels have also been greatly improved. When the material environment reaches a certain level, it is necessary to emphasize the creation of spiritual environment, which is the key factor affecting the growth and development of creative talents, because the material environment is the foundation and external conditions for children's growth, while the spiritual environment is the internal key factor affecting children's growth, and the spiritual environment is an atmosphere or atmosphere. It virtually determines whether people's innate potential can be brought into full play and whether people's creative ability can be effectively formed. Children need to be discovered, developed and treated well by adults, and their creative motivation, interest, consciousness and spirit need to be developed in an optimal spiritual environment. Preschool education, which lays the foundation for cultivating creative talents, must emphasize the creation of the best spiritual environment conducive to children's development needs.
Create a psychological safety and free environment for children.
Modern education attaches great importance to the influence of environment on children's physical and mental development. Because children's knowledge and experience are shallow, their knowledge is superficial, one-sided and spiritual, so they are easily influenced by spiritual environment. From the perspective of creative education, an important sign of a positive and healthy psychological environment is that it can make children feel a sense of psychological security and freedom, and satisfy their psychological needs such as curiosity, creative motivation and interest. As a hidden educational factor, spiritual environment has a great influence on children's healthy physical and mental growth. Children are psychologically immature, lack of self-awareness, their behavior is controlled by others, and their emotions are tender and fragile, which requires the protection and care of adults. Psychological research shows that when children have a sense of psychological security and freedom, it is most conducive to their creative development and performance. In practical work practice, we also have the experience that children live in healthy and harmonious interpersonal relationships and are willing to express or exchange their thoughts and feelings in good faith. A good mental environment can make children have the awareness of observing discipline and rules of activities. Therefore, we should apply the concept of caring for children's individual needs based on children's development to the practice of creating healthy and harmonious interpersonal relationships.
1. Creating healthy and harmonious interpersonal relationships is the core of creating the best spiritual environment.
Psychologist Rogers believes that psychological security and freedom are the main conditions to promote the development of creative ability. He also suggested that children's creativity can only be developed if they stop judging others with their own ideas. Therefore, in order to create the best spiritual environment for children, we must give them more support and affirmation, accept them with a tolerant heart, give them more praise and encouragement from the front, pay attention to and trust each child with a love, and give them more freedom, so as to form healthy and harmonious interpersonal relationships. The psychological environment of kindergarten is the product of teachers' behavior. As far as children's growth process is concerned, they need the help of adults. As far as children's growth needs are concerned, the most important thing is healthy and harmonious interpersonal relationships. The child is safe in his heart
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And in a free environment, they feel relaxed and happy, and there is no sense of oppression. They are easy to form a sense of innovation in the constant interaction with their surroundings. Children are heteronomous in behavior and are most vulnerable to the hints of adults' words and deeds. If adults have an inappropriate attitude towards children, they will be nervous. Keep them on their guard. In order to cater to others, children often give up their own unique laws, or adjust and control their behavior with the attitude of others. When children care too much about others or are afraid of ridicule, they will lack the spirit of innovation.
2. Good teacher-student relationship is the basic guarantee for children to obtain psychological safety and freedom.
The famous educator Suhomlinski once brilliantly pointed out: "One of the secrets of educational skills lies in this: children rarely hear prohibition from a small number of teachers." I often hear praise and encouragement. "In the process of forming children's psychological safety and freedom. The most important thing is to establish a good relationship between teachers and students. As zankov, a famous educator, said: In terms of educational effect, it is very important to look at the relationship between teachers and students. Therefore, teachers should create more opportunities, fully explain the language and non-language communication environment between teachers and children, and create a good teacher-student relationship.
First of all, teachers should use positive language to guide children, inspire and arouse children to participate in discussions, let children learn to think and judge, and promote the formation of self-evaluation ability. Teachers should also actively participate in children's discussions and exchanges, establish a democratic and equal partnership between teachers and students, and convey warm, supportive and educational information to children through exchanges, so that children can gain psychological security and psychological freedom.
Secondly, learn to squat down and talk to children. In the eyes of children, the image of teachers is great, and their words and deeds are authoritative. It is necessary to establish an equal and democratic partnership between teachers and students. Teachers should talk to children in a proper posture, change the horizontal and vertical "crossing" distance between teachers and children in the past, and squat down to communicate with children in an equal manner, which is conducive to establishing close teacher-student relationship and achieving the best communication effect.
Thirdly, close physical contact between teachers and children is conducive to the safe and free formation of children's physical contact, which is an important part of communication and can strengthen the role of language. When talking to children. Touching their shoulders or backs is easier to attract and keep children's attention.
Fourth, children are very sensitive to the changes of adult intonation. Let children express their wishes and opinions boldly. Teachers should have a soft tone and intonation. In educational practice, we often feel that most children like to listen to "good words". But it is most likely to be hinted by the teacher's words and deeds. Children often show anxiety and confusion when they hear adults with angry or anxious tone.
Fifth, in creating a positive atmosphere of "more support", teachers should pay serious attention to listening to children's speeches. And look at the children's eyes with kind eyes. This will help improve children's confidence in speaking. Cultivate children's good listening habits, thus improving the pertinence of education.
3. Create a harmonious, beautiful and loving family internal environment.
Bad interpersonal relationships in childhood will not only affect the mental health of childhood. It will also affect his happiness and achievements in his life. At present, most children in our country are only children, and their parents spoil them too much. Many children have a strong sense of self-centeredness and are not good at getting along with their partners. Can't handle conflicts between peers. I will not take the initiative to care and love others. Kindness is a beautiful character of human beings, and early education for children is an important task of preschool education. To cultivate children's kindness, we must attach great importance to family education in kindergartens, guide family education with scientific educational concepts, let kindergartens, families and society reach an understanding, and create an educational environment in which kindergarten, family and community education are synchronized and integrated. This is extremely important to cultivate children's kindness.
To cultivate children's kindness, we must let them learn to love others, and educating them to respect and love their elders is an effective means. Children live in a harmonious family, and through parents' love and filial piety to their elders, this love will eventually sprout in their hearts. It is conducive to laying a good foundation for children to be loyal to the actual cause and love others in the future.