Helen Keller's "The Man who Remodels Life" is a self-reading text of Unit 3 in the first volume of Grade 7. There is a sentence in the "reading tips" at the end of the book: "When reading an article, pay attention to the title, especially the title that can reveal the main idea. The title of this article is "The Man who Reshaped Life". Why should we "reshape"? Who will "reshape" life? How did you do that? Read the text with these questions, and you will notice some sentences that are in harmony with the topic ... "
This passage is not only a "reading prompt" for students, but also a "cutting-in prompt" and a "teaching reading prompt" for classroom teaching. It is a good way to organize students to ask questions around "topics that reveal the main idea" Problems that can be known at once can be handed over to students, and understanding the problems that need to be discussed in detail is the most suitable teaching content.
Teaching lens 1:
Teacher practice 1:
"Reading" in the "Reading Guidance Law" advocated by Qian Menglong is to let students carry out real reading practice and learn to read in real reading practice. Self-reading before class is a very important part in the practice of "reading" and the basis of classroom teaching and discussion. In order to ensure the scientificity and efficiency of students' autonomous reading, Mr. Qian Menglong specially designed "five grids of autonomous reading", one of which is "directional question and answer", which requires students to ask and answer questions from three aspects in turn: What did the article write? How to write? Why do you write like this? The three problems arranged in sequence are three steps that rise step by step. The students "climbed the stairs", gave satisfactory answers to three questions in turn, and generally had a comprehensive understanding of the article from content to form. With guidance, the quality of students' questions is guaranteed, and then the final choice must be the top priority in teaching and reading discussion.
Compared with my class, although it is not a summary of students' exercises before class, the topics are related to the main idea. Asking questions around the topic is to grasp the key points of the article, then make up the writing questions, or cover the whole article. This reminds me to pay attention to the topic in future teaching and guide students to read by themselves before class.
Second, highlight the main body, in-depth according to the article:
Teacher Qian Menglong said that Chinese teaching is essentially language (speech) education, and my biggest concern in class is: how do students input and interpret texts? Is it through superficial reading and half-baked speculation, or through understanding, chewing and savoring the words in the text? This is a change from curriculum awareness to classroom teaching.
Regarding the specific operation of the role of "teacher-led" in the specific teaching process, Mr. Qian Menglong also said that the problem was put forward by the students, and it was mainly up to the students to solve the problem. My role in the whole teaching process is to organize the discussion process, create a relaxed environment and give necessary guidance at random.
Qian Lao's words are very clear. He tries hard to understand and apply Qian Lao's educational and teaching ideas, and leads students to enter and interpret the text from two aspects: "taste the language and writing" and "reading practice", and deeply explore and study the text.
Teaching shot 2:
Famous teacher teaching II:
Teacher Qian Menglong said: "If we guide students to go deep into the text and chew the flavor from the language, it is absolutely impossible for Chinese classes to become story classes, music classes and history classes. Language learning is a necessary starting point for Chinese classes and must be firmly grasped. " Careful analysis of my classroom can guide students to pay attention to the key words that express emotions, such as anger, distress and fatigue, and remind them how to read with emotions when discussing Helen's topic "What is the life state before remodeling". Then, through layers of questioning, the attention is directed to those descriptions and actions that are not directly expressed but imply emotions, which is also throughout reading; Finally, starting with the writing method of guiding attention, through text comparison, experience comparison, feeling confirmation and other methods, we try to figure out the different expression effects of "summing up feelings" and "imagining situations" and personally feel Helen's life state and her confused, helpless and painful mentality. The whole guiding process is closely related to the text, highlighting specific expressive words, so that students can understand the text in careful chewing taste, go deep into the text and have a dialogue with the author's heart.
However, by carefully comparing Mr. Xiao's classes, I saw the gap again.
Applying the text interpretation method of "similar information combination" often used by Mr. Wang Jun, we can find different findings by "similar combination" of Mr. Xiao's instructions. "What words do you think should be paid attention to?" "I can't help jumping, and my reading ability is getting better and better." "You emphasized a word here, did you hear it?" "Did you find the word" Ye "in this text?" "What does this word' Ye' mean?" "The word" ye ". Let's put this warm word "Ye" together ... "After a similar combination, we found that when Mr. Xiao guided students to discuss the content of" how people's feelings for goats changed ",he almost guided students to pay attention to that word, that empty word, without trace. The guidance is very skillful and ingenious. How did Mr. Xiao do it? Aside from profound things such as educational ideas, teaching concepts and cultural connotations, we can find such interesting expressions as "you think", "you have the ability to skip reading" and "you emphasize one word here" It can be said that a word "you" is wonderful. "You" highlights students' dominant position, implies close dependence on learning, and embodies the ingenuity of teachers' guidance and transformation. Teacher Xiao's listening is really good! Even if students inadvertently express it in a reasonable way, Mr. Xiao will seize it in time, vigorously affirm it, highlight and strengthen it, and skillfully transform it, so that the classroom can develop along the established context and be as natural as students' understanding. In addition, the repeated mention of the word "ye" is intended to let students fully understand its emotional connotation in repeated reading. Teacher Xiao said that reading is the most important teaching content and the most basic teaching method. "Cultivate the mind in reading and learn to think in reading. Promote thinking by reading and help enlightenment by reading. "
Thirdly, activate the integration of individual and experience.
The little teacher said, "Harmony is the best teaching understanding." And I want to say that harmony is also the highest realm of Chinese teaching. When talking about "the instrumentality and humanity of Chinese curriculum", Mr. Qian Menglong pointed out clearly many times that Chinese curriculum is embodied in the process of students mastering this special tool, through their perception and perception of text language, and through specific Chinese practices such as reading, writing, listening and speaking. The biggest feature of humanistic education in Chinese curriculum is that it is influenced and edified imperceptibly. "In my imagination, a Chinese class that perfectly shows' gender unity' (let's agree with this formulation) should be a seamless natural integration of language learning and humanities education." Following everyone's teaching philosophy, the following discussions have been made in teaching-
Teaching shot 3:
Famous teacher teaching 3
Teacher Qian Menglong talks about cases of bone teaching.
A gentleman criticized Wu Han's "talk about backbone" on the Internet: Mr. Wu wrote like a naive pupil: "China people have backbone." Excuse me: Are so many China people spineless? ? It is also said that this is "the tradition of the Chinese nation", and people who are a little smarter will sneer at it.
For this gentleman's point of view, Qian Lao did not ask students to comment on this matter in his teaching, but introduced two paragraphs of Lu Xun to the students:
I have never been afraid to speculate about China people with the worst malice.
Reading is sentiment, touch, knowledge, understanding, subtle accumulation, edification and infection.
Regarding the role and ultimate goal of "teacher-led", Qian Lao said that the leading role of teachers only exists for students' development ... The ultimate goal is to teach students to "learn to read", that is, "students can read articles by themselves, acquire knowledge, accumulate language materials, gain a sense of language, develop their own language and thinking ability, and be influenced by the thoughts and feelings contained in articles", thus achieving what Mr. Ye Shengtao called "teaching without wanting"
Regarding the basic direction of "teacher-led", that is, "the unity of instrumentality and humanity", Qian Lao particularly emphasized that the humanity of Chinese courses is presented without trace through specific Chinese practices such as reading, writing, listening and speaking in the process of students mastering Chinese tools. The biggest feature of humanistic education in Chinese curriculum is "moistening things and being silent". The real "gender unity" of Chinese class must guide students to understand the thoughts and feelings contained in the text language in the practice of "reading" and talk to the author through the taste of the language.