First, in early spring, Zhang was appointed as a member of the Ministry of Water Resources.
Dynasty: Tang Dynasty | Author: Han Yu
one
There is a lot of silk in the sky above the avenue, which is as delicate and moist as butter. The grass is vaguely connected in the distance, but it looks sparse in the near future.
This is the most beautiful season of the year, far better than the late spring of the green willow.
Secondly,
Mo Daoguan is busy being the boss, but no one is young.
As you first came to Jiangtou, the willow color is not deep.
Introduction to ancient poetry
In Early Spring, 18 Members of the Ministry of Water are two seven-character quatrains written by Han Yu, a poet in the Tang Dynasty. It is one of the author's classic works, and the first one is widely circulated. The last song, through careful observation, describes the beautiful scenery of light rain in Chang 'an in early spring, depicts the beautiful scenery, and expresses the sensitivity to the vibrant scene when spring comes and the joy it brings, so as to lure friends out to feel the information of early spring; The latter focuses on lyricism, teasing friends to go out of the house and feel the information of early spring.
Translation/translation
one
There is a continuous rain over the Capital Avenue. It is as delicate and moist as ghee. From a distance, the grass is faintly connected, but when you look closely, it looks sparse and sporadic. This is the most beautiful season of the year, far better than the late spring in the city of green willows.
Secondly,
Don't say that you are too busy with official business, and you are old. You have lost the mood of catching up with spring when you were a teenager. Please take time to go to the riverside for a spring outing to see if the willow color is already dark.
To annotate ...
(1) Gift: Give respectfully.
(2) Eighteen members of the Ministry of Water Resources: refers to poets in the Tang Dynasty (766-830). Ranked 18 among the same brothers, and served as the foreign minister of the Ministry of Water.
(3) Tianjie: the street in Beijing.
(4) Run as crisp: delicate as crisp. Crispy: Animal oil, which describes the delicacy of spring rain here.
(5) at most: exactly.
[6] Location: When.
(7) Absolute victory: far exceeding.
⑻ Huangdu: Imperial Capital, here refers to Chang 'an.
⑼ Official Busy: When Han Yu wrote this poem, he was an assistant minister of the official department, and his official business was busy, so the cloud was "official busy"; Han Yu is fifty-six, so Yun is the "boss". Old, old.
That is: already.
⑾ Basis: Please speak here.
⑿ Jiang: Qujiang, located in the southeast corner of the capital of the Tang Dynasty, is a tourist attraction, and its ruins are located in the southeast of Shaanxi Province.
Appreciation/appreciation
one
The poet described the unique scenery of early spring with simple words and common "light rain" and "grass color". The style of this poem is fresh and natural, simple and colloquial. It seems dull, but it is by no means dull. Han Yu himself said, "Being poor is strange, and it becomes dull" (Send the teacher to john young). His "blandness" is hard to come by.
The first sentence points out the light rain in early spring, and describes it as smooth and moist with "moist as crisp", which accurately captures its characteristics. The sentence is fresh and beautiful. There is also Du Fu's "Good rain knows the season, when spring comes." Sneaking into the night with the wind, moistening things silently "has the same effect."
The second sentence closely follows the first sentence, which describes the scenery after the rain. From a distance, it seems to be there, but from a close look, it depicts the hazy scene of grass soaked in rain in early spring. Write down the characteristics of spring grass when it just germinates, if not, sparse and short. This sentence is a wonderful sentence in the whole article. In early spring and February, in Chang 'an, winter has not passed yet, and spring has come. However, if there is a light rain, the next day, spring will come and the first batch of spring grass buds will come out. From a distance, the author seems to have a very light green, which is grass green in early spring. Watching, the author's heart suddenly filled with a happy career. However, when I look closely with infinite joy, there are sparse and extremely slender buds all over the ground, but I can't see what color they are. The poet, like a talented ink painter, waved his wonderful pen and faintly radiated a trace of green, which was the grass color in early spring. This sentence "grass seems to be near, but it is not", which can be said that it is suitable for both far and near and vivid in the air.
The background of this color setting is a slender light rain falling on the sky street. Seeing the grass color through the rain adds a hazy beauty to the grass color in early spring. Light rain moistens like crisp, with such moistening, the grass color is naturally new; With this background, the grass color naturally looks good.
The next three or four sentences are full of praise for the scenery in early spring: "The most important thing is the benefits of spring, which is better than tobacco willow." The light rain and grass color in early spring are the most beautiful things in the spring of a year, far exceeding the late spring scenery of the city of smoke and willow. Poems about spring scenery, in Tang poetry, mostly focus on beautiful late spring, but this poem focuses on early spring, thinking that early spring scenery is better than late spring and is unique. The exquisite observation of the scenery in the first two sentences is admirable, and the last two sentences are even more unexpected, such as the sudden arrival of cavalry. Finally, the poet made a comparison: "It is definitely better than a willow." The poet thinks that the color of early spring grass is many times better than the scenery of smoke and willow everywhere in the city. This is a state of mind. The severe winter has passed, and the cold is still strong. Suddenly I saw this wonderful grass color, and my heart was pleasantly surprised. Because the grass color of "looking from a distance, but not at all" is unique in early spring, symbolizing the rejuvenation of the earth and the prosperity of Vientiane business, and willow trees are already an era of "willow piles of smoke", not to mention "the city", which is not rare at all. In late spring and March, the color is strong, but it is not so popular with the author. Using contrast like this, unlike the general, is a double writing, in order to highlight the characteristics of spring scenery.
This poem is exquisite in description, beautiful in sentence and novel in conception, giving people a moist, comfortable and fresh aesthetic feeling in early spring, which not only praises early spring, but also captures its soul, giving people endless aesthetic interest, even beyond painting. The poet has no crayons, but he paints a color that is extremely difficult to describe in poetic language-a pale color that seems to be absent. Without keen observation and superb poetry, it is impossible to refine the natural beauty of early spring into artistic beauty. Express the author's love and praise for spring.
Secondly,
The first one is about scenery, and the second one is about lyricism.
The latter is also trying to write the word "early". The poem sets off the official road with the color of spring willow by the river. Young people are chasing spring, flapping butterflies, playing with flowers, and directly feeling the wonderful interest of nature with their childlike eyes. The boss's pursuit of spring is another scene. The official business is complicated and the world is vicissitudes. After fully experiencing the ups and downs in the world, I leisurely embarked on the journey of spring and enjoyed it to the fullest. At this moment, childlike innocence is important, and it is important to find its rich meaning in ordinary things.
Second, the rain in early spring in Lin 'an
Dynasty: Song Dynasty | Author: Lu You
For years, the taste of this world was as thin as gauze. Who will be the rider in Beijing?
Living in a small building and listening to the falling spring rain, you will hear the sound of selling apricots in the depths of the alley early in the morning.
Slowly spread out small pieces of paper sideways, every word is organized, carefully boil water and tea under the sun window, skim it and try to taste famous tea.
Oh, don't sigh that the dust in Kyoto will stain the white clothes, and there is still time to return to the mirror house in Lake Ubak.
Introduction to ancient poetry
Spring Rain in Lin 'an is a seven-character poem written by Lu You, a famous patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. The beginning of the poem expresses the helplessness of the world in the form of doubt, and the guest is abandoned in Beijing. The mood of the whole poem reaches a climax at the beginning, and the latter three parts gradually fall back. Whether you can't sleep at night listening to the spring rain, boring "planting grass" and "sharing tea" at dawn, or comforting yourself that you can get home at Qingming, these are the footnotes of the first two sentences, and they are all helpless moves to be a guest in Beijing when you are tired of officialdom. The emotional momentum of the whole poem is from high to low, but it is seamless.
Translation/translation
In recent years, the interest of officials is as light as a veil. Who let me ride a horse to Kyoto to pollute the bustling? Living in a small building and listening to the spring rain all night, I will hear apricot blossoms in the depths of the alley in the morning. Spread out a small piece of paper and write leisurely and diagonally. The words are very organized. Carefully boil water, make tea, skim the foam and try to taste famous tea in front of a sunny window. Oh, don't sigh that the dust in Kyoto will stain the white clothes. There is still time to go back to my hometown in the mountains by the Mirror Lake during the Qingming Festival.
To annotate ...
(1): It will clear up after rain or snow.
(2) World taste: the taste of the world; Social feelings.
(3) guest: guest.
⑷ Jinghua: the laudatory name of Beijing. Because Beijing is a place where cultural relics and talents gather, it is called.
5] Deep roadway: very long roadway.
[6] Ming Dynasty (zhāo): Tomorrow morning.
(7) Short paper: short paper and small paper.
8 diagonal line: a diagonal line.
(9) Grass: refers to cursive script.
⑽ Clear windows: bright windows.
⑾ Fine milk: small white foam on the water when pouring tea.
⑿ Divide tea: the method of frying tea in Song and Yuan Dynasties. After filling the soup, stir the tea milk with bamboo sticks to make the soup ripple into various shapes.
[13] Plain clothes: originally refers to white clothes, and it is used as a synonym here. It is a poet's humble title to himself (similar to "Su Shi").
[14] Dust sigh: sigh because of dust. Suggest that you don't have to worry about the bad atmosphere in Beijing polluting your own quality.
Appreciation/appreciation
If the author's name is hidden, when we read this song "The Beginning of Spring Rain in Lin 'an", we may think that it was not written by Lu Fangweng who was "an iron horse" and "swallowed the remnants". Although there is apricot blossom-like spring scenery in the poem, it also implies the sentimental feeling of "the taste of the world is as thin as yarn" and the boring mood of "doing nothing to do grass" and "playing with tea", which is very inconsistent with Lu You's majestic and tragic style of singing "defending the country and serving the country".
Lu You has not been taken seriously since Xiaozong Xichun summoned him for five years, but he worked as an official twice in Fujian and Jiangxi to promote Changping tea and salt. After five years of family, he stayed away from politics, but he understood the changes in politics and the indifference of the world. Therefore, the poem begins with a unique and ingenious metaphor, lamenting that the world is as thin as translucent yarn. So the first couplet began to talk about the thinness of "the taste of the world" and asked "who made the riders in Beijing". Lu You is 62 years old, not only because of his long-term career ups and downs, but also because of his unfulfilled ambitions and various misfortunes in his personal life. The old man, who had a rough life, sighed and expressed his inner feelings about this cold world. This kind of lamentation may be beyond doubt to others, but it is not reasonable for Lu You who died in decadence without feeling sorry for himself and still wanted to defend his country. This letter was sent to Beijing and was appointed as Yanzhou well-known. For Lu You, who has struggled all his life and unswervingly realized the ideal of serving the country, granting him the right to report to the country will actually cause his "who" problem.
"Eye of Poetry" is also a famous sentence of Lu You, with fresh and meaningful language. The poet lives alone in a small building and listens to the spring rain all night; The next morning, the sound of selling apricot flowers came from the depths of the alley, telling people that spring was already deep. Continuous spring rain is written by the poet's hearing; The faint spring scenery is revealed in the sound of selling flowers. It is vivid and profound. Legend has it that these two poems were later introduced into the palace and praised by Xiaozong, which shows that they were widely circulated for a period of time. People who have been commenting on this poem think that these two sentences are meticulous and appropriate, depicting a bright and vivid picture of spring scenery, but they don't notice that its role in the whole poem is not only to depict spring scenery, but to integrate with the poems before and after. In fact, "the small building listens to the spring rain all night" means that the continuous spring rain is like a sad miss. When reading this poem, don't let go of the word "overnight" easily. It just implies that the poet stayed up all night, worrying about the country and the people, and with the sound of rain, he rushed to his brow. Li Shangyin's remarks that "autumn frost flies late, leaving dry lotus to listen to the rain" are based on his yearning for friends. Lu You writes more implicitly and profoundly here. Although he used relatively bright words, his intention was to express his depression and melancholy. It was with the beautiful spring scenery as the background that he formed a sharp contrast with his lonely feeling.
The next tie revealed his feelings. In this beautiful spring, the poet can only do "short paper and idle grass", and Lu You is good at cursive writing. Judging from Lu You's existing calligraphy, his cursive script is elegant and elegant. This sentence is really a dark allusion to Zhang Zhi. It is said that Zhang Zhi is good at cursive writing, but he usually writes in print. When asked why, people replied that "cursive writing is urgent", which means that cursive writing takes too long, so there is no time to write. Lu You lives in Beijing, and his leisure time is extremely boring, so he entertains himself with cursive script. Because it is the first day of light rain, it is said that "Sunny Window" and "Fine Milk Play Tea" are here to taste tea and play tea ceremony. On the surface, the idle cursive script, drinking tea under the sunny window, is a very leisurely and quiet realm. However, behind this, the poet's infinite feelings and complaints are hidden. Lu you has always had the ambition to make a vigorous career for the country, but the position of Yanzhou magistrate does not meet his ambition, let alone an audience with the emperor. I don't know how long I have to wait in the guest house! The country is in troubled times, but the poet is killing time by writing books and drinking tea. Really boring and sad! So I couldn't hold back the resentment in my heart any longer, and wrote two sentences about the ending.
Although the couplets don't complain about "plain clothes's cocoon" like the ancients (writing "Good Things First for Gu Yan": "Beijing is dusty, plain clothes's cocoon"), they not only express the bitterness of the journey, but also imply that Beijing is filthy and has been transformed by it for a long time. The poet claimed that Qingming is not far away, so he should go home as soon as possible, instead of staying in Lin 'an, the so-called "paradise on earth" in the south of the Yangtze River. The poet was called to Beijing, but he hurried by and left. Lu you uses his meaning here, but he is actually laughing at himself.
Among many famous poems by Lu You, there are strong patriotic feelings and care for the people, such as Guan Shanyue and The Feeling of Going Out of the Hedge Door to Meet the Cold in Autumn Night. There are works that express dreams, grief and sadness, such as 1 1 The Storm on the 4th of the month. These poems are not straightforward and painful, but they are magnificent and magnificent. The author also has a beautiful and simple description of rural life, such as "Traveling to Shanxi Village"; There are also sentimental works that cherish the memory of love and the happiness of the past, such as Shen Yuan. Such things are very similar to "the first spring rain in Lin 'an". No songs, no wailing, no angry poems, no bitter tears, only a gloomy colon and a faint sigh, "That's the taste of my heart".
The harsh reality forced him to draw some gloomy conclusions about the court, the emperor, life and society. Unlike many of his dream poems, the author has no real life scenes to disturb him in the middle of the night when all is silent. He can say anything he wants to fantasize about the vast starry sky and rainy night. But in the bustling imperial city, the author can't help it. Although the city of Lin 'an is beautiful in spring, the bureaucrats are partial to the corner, forgetting to serve the country and whitewashing the peace. The author is always awake. He saw the numbness of the world and the court in the superficial climate and prosperity, and thought of his ambition of not getting paid. But he can neither sing nor dream, so he has to express his sadness with spring and write spring as a heartless thing.
It can be said that The First Night of Spring Rain in Lin 'an reflects the author's inner world on the other hand. In addition to singing to serve the country on the battlefield, in tents and under the night sky, the author occasionally wanders. In the book of indignation, which was written almost at the same time, the author showed his consistent lofty sentiments in a completely different way. In a sense, Anger is the author's summary of his tragic life. "I knew when I was young that things were difficult", but I finally got up the courage to say "Who is like a thousand years ago" and left my life to history to judge. The comparison between The Beginning of Spring Rain in Lin 'an and Anger can reveal a short-term repetition of the poet's feelings and thoughts. After all, Lu You is a Lu You, and he will not stay in "leisure" and "drama" forever. Shortly after he took office in Yanzhou, he still insisted on resisting gold and put it into action, expressing it in poetry. Finally, he was dismissed on charges of "mocking romantics". His continuous "apricot blossom spring rain" developed into a storm in The Storm on November 4th.
A poet's personality is complex, and a martyr who is always strong and unyielding will inevitably feel melancholy from time to time. This kind of depression and melancholy is not in contradiction with its grandeur and tragic. Only when he is depressed and miserable will there be a stronger emotional explosion. At the beginning of the poem, it is said that "the taste of the world is as thin as yarn", which is the author's denial of reality and also reflects the author's integrity. The departure at the end of the poem is also the poet's disdain for the flashy imperial city. Therefore, through the surface of the original poem, we can still vaguely see a mighty and unyielding image, which is the author's true and consistent self.
Third, Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night.
Dynasty: Tang Dynasty | Author: Du Fu
Good rain knows the season, when spring comes.
Sneak into the night with the wind, moisten things silently.
The wild path is dark, and the river is bright.
Look at the red and wet place, the flowers in Jinguancheng are heavy.
Introduction to ancient poetry
Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night was written by Du Fu, a famous poet in Tang Dynasty, when he lived in Chengdu Caotang in 76 1 year. This poem uses anthropomorphic techniques to praise the timely and moist spring rain with joy. The description of the spring rain in the poem is subtle, delicate and vivid. The artistic conception of the work is elegant, implying tranquility, and the poetic and artistic meanings are integrated into one. It's a vivid and unique poetic poem, and it's a masterpiece that will be told through the ages. There is not a word "hi" in the poem, but it reflects the poet's joy everywhere.
Translation/translation
The timely rain seems to know the season. Spring has come, it comes quietly at night with the spring breeze, silently moistening everything. The sky in the field path is dark, and only a little fishing fire on the fishing boat by the river emits a ray of light, which is particularly bright. When you come in the morning, the wet soil must be covered with red petals, and the streets and alleys of Jinguancheng must be a colorful scene.
To annotate ...
(1) Yes: Just.
(2) Occurrence: promoting plant growth.
(3) Stealth: furtive and silent.
(4) Moisturize things quietly: nourish plants with rain.
(5) Wild trails: country roads.
(6) Xiao: It's just dawn.
(7) Red and wet land: refers to the place with red flowers and rain.
(8) flower weight: flowers look full and heavy because they are stained with dew.
(9) heavy: pronounced as zhòng (because the previous sentence "look at the red and wet place" means that flowers are full of flowers and dew is full of flowers. The flowers are full of dew and naturally heavy. "Jinguancheng flower is heavy" means the beauty of dew flowers. )
(10) Jinguancheng: another name for Chengdu.
Appreciation/appreciation
Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night was written by Du Fu, a famous poet in Tang Dynasty, when he lived in Chengdu Caotang in 76 1 year. This poem uses anthropomorphic techniques to praise the timely and moist spring rain with joy. The description of the spring rain in the poem is subtle, delicate and vivid. The artistic conception of the work is elegant, implying tranquility, and the poetic and artistic meanings are integrated into one. It's a vivid and unique poetic poem, and it's a masterpiece that will be told through the ages. There is not a word "hi" in the poem, but it reflects the poet's joy everywhere.
Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night expresses the poet's love and praise for the selfless dedication to the drizzle on a spring night. The whole poem reads: "Good rain knows the season, when spring comes. Sneak into the night with the wind, moisten things silently. The wild path is dark, and the river is bright. Xiao Jian Jiang is wet, and Jinguan City is heavy. " One or two words of "good" are affectionate and praise the spring rain. "Knowing the season" endows Spring Rain with human life and emotion. In my opinion, the spring rain is considerate and knows the season, and it floats around when people are in urgent need, prompting the opportunity. What a good spring rain! The first couplet not only expresses the "occurrence" of the spring rain, but also implicitly conveys the author's anxious mood of eagerly looking forward to the arrival of the spring rain. Couplets are obviously the poet's auditory feelings. Spring rain has come, coming with the wind in the boundless night, quietly moistening everything, without any intention of seeking "goodness", just seeking dedication. You see, the author observes the rain scene so carefully that even the spring rain and silence are heard by the poet. Visible, Yu Chunyu unconsciously surprised, the poet stayed up all night. Tie couplets around the neck, the poet only looks forward to the spring rain for one night, but he is afraid of an abrupt end. He is happy and worried. He pushed the door out and stood there overlooking, only to see that the usually distinct field paths were also dissolved into the night, and it was dark, showing how dark the night was and how dense the rain was. The river boat fishing fire is even more dazzling, reflecting the vastness and darkness of spring night, and also highlighting the richness of spring rain from the side. In the words of imagination, the poet witnessed the continuous spring rain, and was gratified to think that at dawn the next day, Jinguan City would be a colorful spring scenery. The profusion and vitality of flowers are the result of silent drizzle moistening and baptism. Therefore, writing flowers is really the selfless dedication of Spring Rain. This is a masterpiece depicting the rainy scene on a spring night and showing a happy mood. Praise "rain" with a "good" word from the beginning. In life, "good" is often used to praise people who do good things. Praising rain with "good" now will arouse the association of people who do good things. Next, personify the rain, saying that it "knows the season" and knows how to meet the objective needs. Spring is the season when everything germinates and grows. As long as it rains, it begins to rain. It's really good.
Couplets further show the "good" of rain. Rain is "good" because it is good at timing and "moistening things quietly". Spring rain usually moistens everything with breeze and drizzle. However, there are exceptions. Sometimes, it will be accompanied by cold air, from rain to snow. Sometimes, it will be accompanied by strong winds and heavy rains. Although the rain at this time is in spring, it is not a typical spring rain. It will only hurt things, and it will not "moisten things quietly." Naturally, it will not make people "happy" and it is impossible to get a "good" evaluation. Therefore, the "knowing season" of the first couplet alone is not enough to fully show the "good" of rain. It was not until the second couplet wrote a typical spring rain-accompanied by gentle rain-that the word "good" was implemented.
"Sneak into the night with the wind and moisten things silently." This is still anthropomorphic. The combination of "sneaking into the night" and "silence" not only shows that rain is drizzle accompanied by breeze, but also shows that rain is intended to "moisten things quietly" and has no intention of seeking "goodness" If you are interested in seeking "good", it will come during the day and create a little momentum for people to see and hear clearly. Just because it deliberately "moistens things quietly" and has no intention of seeking "goodness", it chose a time that does not hinder people's work and labor, and quietly and carefully went underground at the night when people were sleeping.
If it rains so well, I hope it rains enough and stays up all night. If it clears up just for a while, then "moistening things silently" will not be very thorough. The poet grasped this and wrote a necklace. On a less gloomy night, the path is easier to see than the field, and the river is easier to distinguish than the shore. Now, looking around, "the wild trails are all black, and the rivers and boats are bright." Only the lights on the boat are on. Besides, you can't even see the river, and you can't tell the path clearly. The sky is covered with dark clouds and the ground is as black as clouds. It looks as if it will rain until dawn.
The ending is a fictional scene. After a night of such "good rain", everything will be nourished and prosperous. The flower that best represents the spring scenery in all things is in full bloom with rain and is about to drop. The poet said: wait until tomorrow morning to have a look. The whole Jinguan City (Chengdu) is full of peanut trees, which are "red and wet", red and heavy, and merge into a sea of flowers.
Pu Qilong said: "It is easy to write about rain and cut the night, but difficult to cut the spring." This poem "Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night" not only cuts the night and the spring, but also writes the noble character of a typical spring rain, that is, "good rain", which shows the noble personality of all the "good people" of the poet.
The poet looks forward to such "good rain" and loves our "good rain". Therefore, although the word "Xi" in the title does not appear in the poem, the meaning of "Xi" breaks through the cocoon "(Pu Qilong's Reading). The poet looked forward to the spring rain "moistening things silently", and it began to rain. As soon as he came up, he called "good" with joy.
In this poem, the first two sentences say that the rain falls at the right time, and the word "knowledge" is used incisively and vividly, which simply brings the rain to life; Three or four sentences describe the "occurrence" of rain, in which the words "latent", "moist" and "fine" express the characteristics of rain; Write five or six sentences about the beautiful scenery on a rainy night. "Black" and "bright" set each other off into interest, which not only points out the thick clouds and rain, but also gives people a strong sense of beauty. The last two sentences still use the word "Xi" to describe the beautiful scene of Jinguan City in the early morning after the rain, which is "red and wet" and "flowery", and the utensils can be described as extremely exquisite. The second couplet was written by a poet. The poet listened attentively and heard the rain pouring down underground on a spring night, just to "moisten things quietly". Dont Ask For Help knew he was naturally "happy" and couldn't sleep. Because the rain is "moist and silent", I can't hear clearly. I am afraid that the rain will stop, so I will go out and watch it. The third part was written by the poet. Seeing the heavy rain, I can't help but imagine the beautiful scenery of spring in the city after dawn. His infinite joy is very vivid. Li Yue, a poet in the middle Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem "Watching the Rain": "Mulberry leaves come from the soil without leaves, and the flute pipe welcomes the Longshui Temple. Seeing Zhumen singing and dancing, I am afraid that the sound of spring will swallow the strings. " Compared with those who watch songs and dances in Zhumen, Du Fu's joy of "moistening things silently" in the spring rain is naturally a noble feeling.