Who knows the difference and application of surprise interview, peripheral interview and hidden interview?

1. Noun explanation (1). News clue: refers to the signal or brief information of newsworthy facts that have happened or will happen soon. Clue is to determine the specific direction of topic selection. If we dig deep along the interview clues, it is possible to capture the valuable subject of the report and get a good topic. (2) News sensitivity: it is a concentrated expression of journalists' insight into social phenomena, their ability to respond to the development and changes of things, their ability to distinguish news clues and their ability to analyze news facts. (3) On-the-spot interview: TV on-the-spot interview refers to the way that a TV reporter (host) asks questions in front of the interviewee or camera lens with a microphone in his hand at the news interview site and asks the other party to answer. (4) Experiential interview: Journalists directly enter the news scene as interviewers and parties, participate in the process of events, experience the news events personally, and experience the news facts or the emotional life of the interviewees. (5) Emergency interview: an event that happens suddenly, people are unprepared and unpredictable, can arouse people's great concern and may have a significant impact on human society. (6) Breaking into an interview: It refers to the situation in which a reporter, in order to prevent the target of a critical report from preparing and manipulating early, covers up the truth, designs a coping style, or even evades or obstructs the interview without telling the target. Appear suddenly at the interview site or in front of the interviewee, forcing the interviewee to tell the truth in front of the facts, or expose the truth by recording the interviewee's words and deeds such as covering up, avoiding and confronting the interview. (7) Foreign visits: During the interview, the reporter does not have direct contact with the interviewee, but first understands the situation from the surroundings or sides of the interviewee, so as to help the reporter master a lot of information and specific details, and ask questions to the point when facing the interviewee, so that the interviewee can avoid it. (8) Hidden interview: also known as secret interview or unannounced visit, refers to the method by which a reporter uses a camera, tape recorder or video camera to secretly obtain news facts without being noticed by the interviewee. 2. short answer questions. (1) Features of news clues: A. The content is simple and incomplete; B. the signal is unreliable; C. short time and instability; D. Fragmentation of information letters (2) Characteristics of on-the-spot interviews: A. The on-the-spot nature of interviews-the "location" element in news elements B. The synchronization of time-documentary characteristics, and the timeliness of news is put forward. C. The interview process is open-the news has a sense of scene and realism. D. the interviewee is specific-the personality characteristics are obvious. E. The comprehensiveness of interview means-comprehensive means to enhance the appeal of the report (3) According to the broadcast style, on-site interviews can be divided into several types: 1. Announce the live report-the reporter announces the changing facts to the audience with the news scene as the background. 2. Explanatory live report-The reporter walks in the live space, explaining and introducing things that can be touched by sight, touch, hearing and smell. The lens flow is based on her (his) activity area and explanation content, which is kind and natural. 3. Conversational live reporting-The reporter and the interviewee exert their efforts at the same time, asking questions or gossip or exchanging discussions around the topic, peeling off the skin layer by layer, and the truth is gradually revealed. 4. On-the-spot reporting based on the plot-this reporting method takes participation in the interview as the main line, which plots the reporter's activities and shows them to the audience completely. (4) Classification of interview methods: 1. Observation-the reporter appears at the scene of the event or in real life as a "life identity" and observes everything in front of him with his eyes. The reporter actually became a witness to the incident, and the materials obtained were first-hand and quite reliable. 2. Authenticity-A reporter hides his true identity and pretends to be a necessary social role to intervene in order to find out the truth. This kind of interview, it is important to emphasize the richness and reliability of evidence and the participation of the scene. 3. Participatory-reporters discover news and gain experience by participating in events. Different from observation and verification, in this interview, the identity of the reporter is open, that is, the reporter is also a participant. (5) What are the skills of asking questions: 1. Direct questions-direct questions, straight to the point, and straightforward 2. Rhetorical question-asking questions from the opposite side of things means "telling the opposite side". Side questioning method-From the side of the question, using the principles of inspiration, guidance and innuendo, prompting the interviewee to answer the reporter's questions. 4. Question-The reporter's question contains two choices, and the interviewee chooses one of them to answer. What the interviewee chose was actually the answer that the reporter wanted. = = = = The above four interview techniques are commonly used in ordinary TV news = = = = 5. Challenge method-let the interviewee change from "want me to say" to "I want to say" through a strongly stimulating question. 6。 Seduction grammar-the reporter inspires the interviewee to ask questions one after another on a topic, so that the interviewee is in a situation where he has to answer, thus obtaining key materials. 7. Ask questions-The reporter keeps asking questions around the conversation clues. 8. Secret questioning method-For some people, it is not convenient to ask questions directly. Journalists should study the psychology of the interviewee and master the right to speak, which is conducive to the development of the interview. 3. Analysis question 1. Several principles of hidden interview: first, protect minors; Second, keep state secrets; Third, non-commercial; Fourth, respect personal privacy; Fifth, mutual non-aggression; Sixth, avoid interfering with justice and trial. 2. What are the questions designed when drafting the interview outline: 1? Transition issues, introducing interview topics or transitioning to another topic; 2. General problems, the problem of knowing things; 3. The central problem can dig out the key elements of time and reflect the essence of things; 4. Exploratory questions, which can be used for open dialogues on topics that are inconclusive and worthy of in-depth; 5. Sensitive questions, which are highly concerned by the audience, and which the interviewee is unwilling and inconvenient to talk about for personal or other reasons, but at the same time are very important and must be asked; 6. Concluding questions, prompting respondents to recall and supplement the content before the end of the interview. 3. The background research of the interviewee before the interview includes: 1. The interviewee's important experience, professional field, work status and basic viewpoints; Second, life and hobbies outside of business and work; Third, valuable details in work, life and experience; Fourth, the relationship between the interviewee and the event and the degree of participation. 4. News sensitivity is manifested in the following aspects in the interview activities: first, quickly and accurately judge the meaning of a fact; Second, judge whether an event can arouse the interest of the audience in time. Third, judge whether an event is fresh in time. Fourth, the system perceives the profound influence of a fact; Fifth, judge the value of many appearances of things in time; Sixth, quickly judge the possible direction of the facts.