Read the bibliography "Career Counseling and Counseling"
Number of pages to read Chapter 9
Knowledge can be divided into the following four categories:
1, declarative knowledge: refers to a "fact" or "concept" that can stand verification, and can be described by knowledge, also known as factual knowledge or semantic knowledge. For example, "The earth is round" and "A square has four sides".
2. Personal knowledge: refers to the events and experiences in life, which are the product of the interweaving of time and space, constantly changing with time, and sometimes quite subjective. For example, "the teachers I met when I was a child only punished students."
3. Procedural knowledge: refers to operational or dynamic knowledge. The various structures and functions of automobiles are "declarative knowledge". If you can drive a car flexibly according to this knowledge, you should use "program knowledge".
4. Strategic knowledge: refers to how to use the existing knowledge to solve problems, including self-monitoring of the state. Its nature can be as follows: ① Deductive knowledge, some special rules or algorithms for solving problems; (2) Heuristic knowledge refers to some plans, strategies or empirical rules that use knowledge in the process of solving problems.
Life is carefree, just to make decisions. Most of the troubles in life come from the pressure of making decisions in daily life. The decision-making process is generally divided into five steps-communication-analysis-synthesis-evaluation-implementation.
① communication. Problems usually occur because there is a gap between the ideal state and the actual state. The first step to solve the problem is to "communicate with the problem", see the real problem clearly and perceive where the gap is.
② Analysis. After letting go of emotions, analyze yourself, analyze problems, and analyze the relationship between yourself and problems.
③ comprehensiveness. Think about all possible solutions first, and then screen out unreasonable solutions one by one.
4 evaluation. Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of each scheme and prioritize it.
5 execution. There are goals before the action, and concrete action steps after the goal to solve the gap between the ideal situation and reality.