In July, 2008, China officially promulgated the Code for Valuation with Bill of Quantities of Construction Projects, which further promoted the reform of valuation with bill of quantities in China, provided a reliable basis for the full implementation of valuation with bill of quantities, and played a very important role in establishing a fair, open and just market competition order. However, this specification only carries out basic classification according to professional projects (building construction, general installation, municipal administration, gardens, structures, etc.). ), can not reach the depth of conventional thermal power generation projects by discipline and system classification. Due to the long-term accumulation of conventional thermal power generation projects, in order to strengthen the management of power engineering construction and unify the calculation rules of power engineering construction budget, some guiding provisions for effectively and reasonably determining the project cost have appeared, such as "Provisions on Calculation of Thermal Power Engineering Construction Budget" and "Reference Cost Indicators for Limited Design of Thermal Power Engineering". However, the environmental protection garbage power generation project has been listed as a municipal specialty according to the relevant national documents. Environmental waste power generation projects have similar system settings to conventional thermal power generation projects. However, due to the ownership problem, there is no relevant compilation guide for project division, and there are still many shortcomings in the project list. Facing the new pricing model and the booming environmental protection waste power generation industry, the environmental protection waste power generation project should actively seek solutions, realize unified budget and calculation rules for environmental protection power construction, reasonably determine the project cost, improve the investment benefit, safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of all parties involved in the project construction, and promote the healthy development of environmental protection power construction.
1 Development Status of Environmental Protection Garbage Power Generation Project Department
At present, there is no unified budget principle for the division of bill of quantities of environmental protection waste power generation projects in China. This problem exists to varying degrees in Shenzhen, the window of China's reform and opening up, and in cities with very developed economies such as Beijing and Shanghai. The reason for this phenomenon is influenced by many aspects, such as system, social environment, traditional concepts, etc., and the reform is far from deep enough and incomplete. Although China has implemented the market economy system, the influence of the planned economy system is still deeply rooted, so the traditional project division mode of the bill of quantities of electric power construction projects has been deeply rooted in the minds of electric power cost personnel. However, under the guidance of the rapidly developing environmental waste power generation project "Code for Valuation of Construction Project Bill of Quantities (GB50500-20 13)", it is impossible to reasonably divide the system projects according to the system characteristics of environmental waste power generation projects, so as to unify the calculation rules for the construction budget of environmental protection power generation projects, reasonably determine the project cost and improve the investment benefit. In this way, it is urgent to standardize and unify the division of environmental protection waste power generation projects. Only by systematically dividing environmental protection waste power generation projects can we unify the comparative analysis system of technical and economic indicators of environmental protection waste power generation projects, and also scientifically calculate the reasonable cost level of feasibility study investment estimation and preliminary design estimation of various "daily waste treatment capacity" environmental protection waste power generation projects.
2 the role of division of labor in environmental protection waste power generation projects
First, as the basis of dynamic management, it can provide a reasonable cost level according to the needs of demanders and the "daily garbage disposal capacity" of different tonnage grades. For example, after market research, the industry management department collected the construction costs of various environmental protection waste power plants with the same level of 600 tons/day waste treatment capacity, and calculated them according to the established project division, and obtained the technical and economic indicators of the thermal system of tens of thousands of yuan/ton during this period, which provided a good dynamic management basis for the demand side's investment. Secondly, it serves as a reference for the design department to make a comparative analysis of investment estimation, preliminary design estimation and feasibility study report. Investment estimation and preliminary design budget estimate need to be divided by the preparation department according to the scale, engineering and technical conditions, basic scheme and main site conditions of the whole construction project. , and calculate and compare according to the limited design cost level of each professional system project. Therefore, a reasonable division of projects plays a vital role in the preparation of investment estimates, preliminary design estimates and comparative analysis by design departments. Third, as a reference for government departments to approve project investment. Before there is no professional industry management department to scientifically divide the environmental protection waste power generation projects, the cost level of each project is different, and the government still cannot unify the benchmark cost level when implementing the approved project investment. If an industry management department carries out a series of work such as data collection and calculation according to the self-discipline law of the market economy and the established project division, it will publish the reference cost indicators of projects of all grades and sizes every year. In this way, the government no longer plays the role of intervention, but supervises the project cost according to law, and the government can regulate the project cost from the macro level. Fourthly, it provides reference for environmental protection power generation enterprises to make macro-planning. With the deepening of China's reform and opening up, there are more and more garbage incineration power plant projects, and the environmental management policies are becoming more and more strict. Scientific and unified project division can better provide a reasonable cost level for all kinds of environmental protection power generation enterprises to prepare macro-development plans, and avoid unscientific, objective and ineffective enterprise development plans due to different technologies, inconsistent environmental management requirements and inconsistent project settings. Fifthly, under the condition of fully implementing the valuation standard of bill of quantities, scientifically and reasonably divide the projects of bill of quantities, so that project investors can estimate the projects of various professional systems more comprehensively and scientifically, and thus choose the investment scheme suitable for them, which plays an important role in improving the management level of project investors. For example, the installation project of environmental protection garbage power generation project is divided into the following systems: thermal system, fuel supply system, ash removal system, water treatment system, water supply system, electrical system, thermal system and auxiliary production system.
3 problems existing in the division of environmental protection waste power plant projects
First, the nature of environmental protection waste power generation projects leads to the lack of authoritative and scientific criteria for project division. Strictly speaking, garbage power plants are not entirely power projects, but are divided into municipal projects according to quotas. In such a dilemma, it will be very difficult to implement the bill of quantities valuation for environmental protection waste power generation projects, whether to refer to the project division of thermal power generation projects or to set up the project division system according to municipal projects. Second, the issue of quota selection. For example, in the list specification, the sub-item 13 is included in * * * under the specialty of electric equipment installation. It is pointed out in the description that this sub-item is only applicable to the installation of power transformation and distribution equipment and lines below 10kV, but there is no clear explanation for the installation of power transformation and distribution equipment and lines above 10kV. In this way, in the actual implementation process, the executor often feels that there are still many specifications in the list. Of course, if the power company has some experience, it can solve this problem by adjusting the comprehensive unit price. Although this is reasonable, it is not supported by documents. Thirdly, the specification has a comprehensive description of electrical equipment installation, but there are many loopholes in electrical debugging. In the project division, only the power transformation and distribution equipment above 10kV is mentioned, while the DC system, microcomputer five-prevention equipment and other equipment are not involved in the specification, so there are omissions in the project division. Moreover, the voltage level of the protection device is different, and the debugging items are different, so it is impossible to generalize.
4. The necessity of dividing the bill of quantities of environmental protection garbage power generation projects
4. 1 necessity of project division
In recent years, the concept of green environmental protection has been deeply rooted in people's hearts, and there are more and more environmentally-friendly garbage power generation projects, which is of great significance to alleviating the environmental pollution problem in China. However, because the installed capacity of waste-to-energy power generation projects is different from that of conventional power generation projects, there is no complete and unified project division for waste-to-energy power generation projects, which is extremely unfavorable to the development and competitiveness of environmental protection waste-to-energy power generation projects in China. The promulgation of the code further promoted the reform of bill of quantities pricing in China, provided a reliable basis for the full implementation of bill of quantities pricing, and played a very important role in establishing a fair, open and just market competition order. Therefore, it is imperative to solve the problem of dividing the bill of quantities of environmental protection garbage power generation projects and embark on the road of standardization as soon as possible. In order to solve this contradiction, Beijing Gaoantun Incineration Center deeply understands the project division of conventional thermal power generation, and combined with the particularity of environmentally-friendly waste power generation projects, created its own basic framework for project division of environmentally-friendly waste power plants, and gradually collected the settlement data of various production projects of enterprises, and gradually compared and analyzed various projects of different tonnage levels, and gradually compiled various technical and economic indicators according to the development plan of enterprises, so as to facilitate enterprises to provide basis for decision-making.
4.2 Suggestions on the necessity of project division
First of all, as a country, the relevant departments should reposition the environmental protection waste power generation project and clarify its ownership, which will be centralized by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the Ministry of Energy to facilitate the centralized management of the project in the future; Secondly, establish and improve the corresponding laws and regulations. The pricing standard of the project division of the bill of quantities is the market, so there must be laws and regulations to support and constrain the current cost and pricing behavior of environmental protection waste power generation projects; Finally, as an environmentally-friendly garbage power generation project itself, we should not explore and solve it because the division of the bill of quantities items is not clear. On the premise of abiding by laws and regulations, we can explore BOQ project division, help enterprises to make clear the direction of project division as soon as possible, and at the same time, we can put forward BOQ project division opinions to relevant state departments in conjunction with some large-scale environmental waste power generation enterprises, promote the early realization and improvement of BOQ project division system for environmental waste power generation projects, and provide guidance for related cost analysis and preliminary design estimates. As the relevant staff of the environmental protection garbage power generation project, they should be familiar with the norms, standardize the operation, fully grasp the importance and scientificity of project division, provide scientific and effective quota design indicators for industry development, and provide decision-making basis for government audit and enterprise planning and development.
To sum up, this paper discusses the related issues of the division of the bill of quantities of environmental protection waste power generation projects. As an environmentally-friendly and green undertaking, the environmentally-friendly garbage power generation project has been supported by the society and made great progress. However, there are still many problems in the division of bill of quantities, and the relevant state departments should solve these problems as soon as possible to promote the better and faster development of environmental protection waste power generation projects.
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