First, the characteristics of general information
As a knowledge resource created by human social science labor, information has the following basic characteristics:
1. Unlimited exploitation information is produced by human labor, and information is bound to be produced in all fields where human beings exist and contact. Information provides people with spiritual wisdom in the form of material, which is infinite and exploitable. Human labor produces information, information promotes human development, and new information is produced in the process of development.
The world of matter is infinite, so is man's understanding of matter, and so is the information produced in the process of understanding.
The infinity of information determines the availability of information. Information endows people with new knowledge to promote the development of society, and with the development of society, information is required to develop at a newer, deeper and broader level.
2. Time and temporality things are developing and changing, and development and change have a concept of time. The same is true of information, which develops with the development of things and changes with the changes of things. In a broad sense, information is eternal, but in a narrow sense, information has a strong time timeliness.
We know that the value of information lies in being used. What is the value of information if it is lost or not used at all? This is the timeliness of information. If the time limit is exceeded, even the best information will not produce benefits.
We often hear people say that "the present society is a society full of competition". The so-called "competition", to put it bluntly, is information competition. We often say that "a competitive society means the survival of the fittest", and the so-called "survival of the fittest" is, in the final analysis, the benefit (result) of information being used. You can use information to win, but you can't use information to lose. And all this needs a certain opportunity and a certain time limit.
3. Storing and enjoying information is the appearance of things, and it must be attached to a certain carrier to form the basis of storage. Because information is stored in a certain way, it forms a basis for enjoyment.
There are various storage forms of information, and the progress of science and technology makes the storage forms more diverse. The most basic way is to use brain memory, and the most modern way is computer storage. It can be sound, text, chart and characters. It can be static or dynamic. With the development of science, the form of information storage will be more advanced.
Although information is carried by a certain substance, it is different from the general substance. It does not mean the loss of the "seller" when it is acquired by the "buyer" like ordinary substances. For example, if you tell others what you know, although others know, it doesn't mean you don't know, because others know. It doesn't "sell" a thing like ordinary matter, but lacks one. For example, after a news release, many people can get it, and the news has not been reduced because more people get it.
4. Processing transitive information, as a sign of the development and change of things, exists in all aspects of human society and can be completely processed and transmitted. Therefore, the processing and transmission characteristics of information are the necessary characteristics for information to play its role.
The processing of information includes two contents: ① the arrangement of information, that is, the understanding and analysis, induction and synthesis, classification and combination of information. This is just like the prescription of Chinese medicine. There are many traditional Chinese medicines, and many prescriptions can be prescribed as needed. (2) information transformation, that is, information is transformed from one form to another. For example, some information can be converted into text language, charts and images, data signals, etc.
The communication characteristics of information are the inevitable conditions for information to produce benefits. There are many ways to transmit information, which can be directly transmitted through language (speech or telephone), movements, expressions, smells and colors, or indirectly transmitted through words, images and sounds (printed matter, electromagnetic waves, various film and television media and computer networks). With the progress of science, this high-tech indirect communication mode embodies the characteristics of information communication.
5. True and false information is a phenomenon that reflects the change of things through certain forms. Although it is objective and true in theory, in the process of production, dissemination, processing and sorting, due to the influence of many factors, it is inevitable that some deviations will often occur. So from the perspective of information utilization, it may be true or inaccurate.
This truth is easy to understand. Whether malicious or well-intentioned, inaccurate information is very common. Not to mention the big aspects, we can often see things as big as sesame seeds in our lives, which can eventually become as big as watermelons due to inaccurate communication.
Of course, there are many characteristics about information, not just those listed above. Some will be further explored in the following article.
Second, the characteristics of hospital informatization
The particularity of hospital determines the particularity of hospital information. In addition to the characteristics of general information, the characteristics of hospital information mainly include the following points:
1. Biological hospital is a unit where people (medical staff) serve people (patients or medical examinees). From the perspective of natural science, the object of medical service is organism, and the effect of medical service is life. Information is obtained and used by organisms. The use of information is related to people's lives. For example, we can often see that some patients who have been declared as "incurable diseases" are often saved by a piece of medical information (new technology and new therapy). For another example, the cessation of biological metabolism marks the end of life.
2. There are many specialties and disciplines in related general hospitals, and their information is basically a comprehensive information group composed of many related disciplines and professional information. Without any information, it is incomplete information. No matter from the diagnosis and treatment of a patient or disease, or the quality evaluation of a major or discipline, it is a synthesis of various information. Taking medical records as an example, even a very simple medical record can be said to be a summary of various professional and disciplinary information.
3. The working objects of a large number of scattered hospitals are both ordinary and special, and the tasks are both simple and complicated. For the object of work, saying that it is ordinary mainly means that people are ordinary members of society, which is the most familiar to everyone. We are human ourselves. It is special because people have thinking and language, are higher animals, and are the "spirits of all things"; For the task, simplicity mainly refers to the continuous operation of the hospital. According to the conventional system, the work and information content of medical staff are constantly repeated. To say it is complicated mainly means that the hospital faces many patients every day, and most of the information is scattered in the hands of people in various departments, professions and levels. People still don't fully understand some intractable diseases. "Human life is a matter of concern", which has a great responsibility and stricter requirements for information work. Therefore, the large amount of information and scattered distribution are another feature of hospital information.