Is it easy to raise scorpions?

Scorpion is not only a valuable medicinal material, but also can be used to make high-grade dishes, and the demand is increasing. So in recent years, raising scorpions has gradually become a hot topic in special breeding, but many scorpions have not mastered the technology well, so the benefits are not high. To raise scorpions well, you must master the following skills. 1. Due to the differences in environment, temperature and humidity, scorpions can't adapt to the environment and die. The first breeders must go to the nearest scorpion farm to introduce them. 2. Avoid scaring scorpions, who dare not move and know their nests. Turning over the nest at will scare them. If they wander around and don't return to the nest, they will die slowly without eating or drinking. 3. Fresh eating scorpions have the habit of killing each other, but if there are enough fresh eating insects (such as Eupolyphaga sinensis and Tenebrio molitor, etc.). ), they seldom eat each other. Therefore, feed is the key, and the feed problem must be solved first. 4. Breastfeeding scorpions usually give birth in July and August during pregnancy. If the male and female scorpions are mixed together, the female scorpions will miscarry because they can't find a quiet place to give birth, and the scorpions will be eaten by the male scorpions, so they can't breed enough scorpions. Therefore, when pregnant scorpions give birth, they must be raised separately and keep quiet. After giving birth to a pregnant scorpion, the scorpion has to climb on the back of the mother scorpion for 4 to 6 days before it can come down and walk by itself. It is difficult for scorpions to survive for a few days without molting on the back of the mother scorpion for the first time. If the mother scorpion and the young scorpion stay together for more than 10 days without feed and water, if the mother scorpion is hungry and thirsty, she will eat the young scorpion mercilessly. 6. Feeding of young scorpions After shedding the skin on her back for the first time, the mother scorpion eats a small insect every day. However, young scorpions have poor predation ability, and their physical strength is not as good as that of insects such as Tenebrio molitor as feed, so they can't stab insects, and young scorpions will devour each other. If there are not enough small Tenebrio molitor or other small insects, it is difficult for young scorpions to grow into scorpions. 7. escape precautions scorpions can't fly, but they are good at crawling. Therefore, regardless of potted plants, box culture, pond culture or shelf culture, we should use wide-brimmed transparent glue, glass strips or plastic sheets to surround and stick them so that scorpions can't escape. The scorpion's respiratory organs and reproductive system are all in the lower part of the body, so it is most afraid of floods. There must be no ditch or water nest under the scorpion nest. Usually add water during the day, not too much at a time, the soil is a little wet. To provide drinking water for scorpions, just put a few absorbent sponges or cotton in a small dish. Generally, fresh water should be changed every 4 to 5 days. If the scorpion is allowed to drink spoiled water for a long time, it will get sick and die. 9. Scorpions are poisonous, but not many enemies will do harm. But the most terrible thing is the mouse. In summer, mice will grab feed such as Tenebrio molitor or Eupolyphaga sinensis. In winter, scorpions have no defense ability when they hibernate, and they are easily eaten by mice, so it is impossible to prevent them. Therefore, it is necessary to do a good job in preventing rodent damage. The following points must be done to raise scorpions: 1. Build a scorpion nest. Scorpions like to live in wet places, and they like to live in dry places when they rest. Scorpion's nest should be built in a damp and dark place, and try to simulate the living environment of wild animals, so that they can not sleep at night. 2. Strictly control the temperature and humidity. The optimum temperature for the growth and reproduction of scorpions is 28 ~ 30℃. Scorpions eat more in this temperature range. The growth rate is fast, and the humidity is controlled between 75% and 85%. Third, it is appropriate to raise too many male scorpions, which will disturb the normal birth of female scorpions. Too dense young scorpions will cause uneven strength, and the strong will bully the weak, leading to killing each other. Their breeding practice shows that there are no more than 500 female scorpions per square meter, no more than 4,000 second-grade scorpions per square meter, no more than 3,000 third-grade scorpions per square meter, and no more than 3,000 fourth-grade scorpions. Only low-density feeding can reduce the killing of scorpions. Fourth, feed should be diversified. The main feed for scorpions is Tenebrio molitor, but there is one that cannot be fed alone. A variety of insects should be collected as feed, such as Eupolyphaga sinensis, Tenebrio molitor, cockroaches and various flying insects. Don't eat too much food at a time, or the scorpion will die. Scorpions like to eat live insects, so pay attention to clean up the dead insects in food in time. Usually, you should pay more attention to meet the scorpion's drinking water, and you can also feed some juicy feed such as watermelon skin and vegetable leaves. 5. Separate scorpions of different ages in time. During the growth of scorpions, scorpions with strong individuals are most likely to eat small scorpions with weak physique, and those who have not molted can eat weak scorpions that are molting. In order to reduce this situation, other utensils and habitats should be prepared in advance, and scorpions of different sizes and strengths should be raised separately in time. Otherwise, it will easily lead to failure in raising scorpions. Sixth, prevent the invasion of unfavorable factors. Don't put ammonia, fertilizer and pesticide near the feeding room to prevent its smell from affecting the normal growth of scorpions. At the same time, we should also prevent the invasion of rats, geckos and ants. In addition, scorpions are easy to escape, because their escape ability is stronger than that of adult scorpions, so after giving birth to scorpions, female scorpions should install glass around them. 7. Do a good job of pairing and separating male and female scorpions. The suitable ratio of male and female scorpions is 1:3. During the period between the pregnancy of the female scorpion and the birth of the young scorpion, the male scorpion should be arrested and raised separately to prevent it from disturbing the pregnant scorpion to give birth to the young scorpion or eating the young scorpion. 8. Do a good job in disease prevention. Although scorpions rarely get sick in life, they should also do a good job in disease prevention. Others can be made into dried scorpions and sold to local pharmacies. During the unproductive and molting periods of scorpions, the scorpion nests should be cleaned and disinfected. When it is found that young scorpions have difficulty in molting and die suddenly, vitamins, oxytetracycline, glucose, mother-promoting drugs and so on should be added to various feeds, so that scorpions can indirectly absorb nutrients and reduce the occurrence of diseases. The technical experience of domestic scorpions is a precious traditional Chinese medicine. Has anticancer, detoxicating and analgesic effects. In addition, the dishes cooked by scorpions are famous dishes in China, which have great social demand. In recent years, wild resources are scarce, and artificial breeding has become a good way for families to get rich. Raising scorpions at home has the advantages of low investment, labor saving, uncomplicated technology and high economic benefits. There is a spare room of 10 square meter. There are 7,500 female scorpions and 2,500 male scorpions in the room, and each female scorpion can give birth to 20 young scorpions every year. The price of each young scorpion is the river line, and the annual income can reach 40,000-50,000 yuan. First, the life habits of scorpions: Scorpions like to live in groups, quiet and motionless, have the habit of identifying nests and groups, and go out to hunt, drink and mate at night. Under the condition of 4℃ ~ 20℃, you won't die if you don't eat for 4 ~ 5 months. After birth, young scorpions can grow for 7 ~ 10 days without food, and rely on yolk to provide nutrition. The first molting begins in 4 ~ 6 days, and turns brown after molting, which is called second-instar scorpion. The newly molted young scorpions are obviously bigger and move around the mother scorpions. The mother scorpion takes advantage of the opportunity of the young scorpion to leave her, and uses the tail thorn to peel off the shed skin on her back. After being cleaned up, the young scorpion climbed back to the back of the mother scorpion and continued to be carried by the mother scorpion. In another 4-5 days, the scorpion will leave its mother's back and live independently. Scorpion is on mother's back for about ten days. During this period, the female scorpion rarely moves and does not go out to look for food. Its main task is to protect young scorpions and find a safe environment. During this period, if the female scorpion is frightened, the female scorpion will abandon or eat the young scorpion and run away. Scorpions need to molt 6 times from birth to reproduction to become 7-year-old scorpions, which takes 3 years in natural environment and 1 ~ 2 years in constant temperature and semi-constant temperature artificial breeding. Adult scorpions can breed continuously for 5 days and live for 8 years. Second, family scorpion breeding technology: family scorpion breeding technology is suitable for urban and rural residents and laid-off workers to use small indoor scorpion breeding machines in idle houses. 1. Indoor pond culture: Indoor pond culture is to build a pond indoors to raise scorpions and choose or build a scorpion house suitable for scorpions' living habits. When choosing or building a scorpion pond and a scorpion house, we should first consider whether the surroundings of the scorpion pond and the scorpion house are quiet, ventilated, heat-insulated, well-drained and well-lit. Although scorpions live in darkness during the day and are afraid of strong light and sun exposure, they also need some light. According to the size and height of the scorpion house, the scorpion pond can be built by building a row of ponds with bricks indoors. The length of the pool depends on the number of scorpions. The width is 0.9 meters and the height is 0.5 meters, so that the operator can reach the opposite side and bend down to reach the bottom of the pool. The bottom of the pool does not need to be plastered with cement or bricklaying, but it should be leveled and compacted with weathered soil that is not polluted by pesticides or fertilizers. However, the pool wall must be polished with cement, and the top of the pool wall should be covered with 0.2-meter-high glass or plastic film to prevent scorpions from climbing out and escaping. Build a rockery where scorpions live with bricks or tiles in the pool. The height can be slightly higher than the upper mouth of the pond, but the distance from the pond wall must be 0.2 meters around to prevent scorpions from falling from the pond, and appropriate gaps should be left between the bricks or tiles of the rockery for scorpions to move and enter. The humidity of pond culture is easy to control, but it should be cleaned frequently to prevent pollution by rodents, ants and sundries. 2. Indoor pot cultivation method: Indoor pot cultivation method is to set up a multi-layer shelf with a height of 2. 1 m, a width of 0.5 m and a layer spacing of 0.3 m indoors near the wall. Put plastic pots with an inner diameter of 0.56m and a height of 0. 15m on each floor of the shelf. The inner wall of the plastic basin must be smooth to prevent scorpions from climbing out of the basin and escaping. Spread a layer of 3 cm thick weathered soil without pesticide and fertilizer pollution at the bottom of the basin, flatten and compact it. Glass fiber reinforced plastic tiles are inverted in the center of the basin, 8 cm away from the edge of the basin. The stacking height of ceramic tiles can be slightly higher than the top of the basin, which can increase the feeding area. 3. Stocking density: Stocking density generally depends on the age of scorpions. Stocking 8000 young scorpions aged 2-3 per square meter; 4,500 young scorpions aged 4-5; There are 3000 adult scorpions; The number of pregnant scorpions is 1000. 4. Temperature: Temperature plays a decisive role in the growth, development and reproduction of scorpions. In nature, scorpions hibernate when the temperature is 8℃ ~ 10℃, and sting people when the temperature is 10℃ ~ 12℃. The temperature is between 22℃ and 35℃, and the growth and development are normal; When the temperature is between 33℃ and 36℃, the activity is the most vigorous and the appetite is the most vigorous. Rapid growth and development, smooth molting and many mating phenomena are the best temperature for scorpion growth and reproduction. When the temperature exceeds 39℃, the scorpion is in a semi-coma state, lurking in the nest without eating or moving. The temperature is between 18℃ and 20℃, but the scorpion's appetite is very slow. When the temperature is lower than 10℃, scorpions gather together and enter a dormant state without eating or moving. Therefore, scorpions are raised at a constant temperature of 33℃ ~ 36℃ all day, regardless of spring, summer, autumn and winter. The female scorpion can give birth to three fetuses every year, with more than 70 fetuses, and the survival rate is about 90%. First-born scorpions can molt five times in the same year and grow into 6-year-old scorpions, which can shorten the natural growth period of scorpions by two years, and the effect is particularly remarkable. There is also a semi-constant temperature method for raising scorpions: from the end of March to the beginning of April, the temperature is artificially raised, and it takes 7 days to gradually raise the temperature to 33℃ ~ 36℃, and it is maintained until the end of 65438+February, and then it takes 7 days to gradually lower the temperature to 6℃ ~ 8℃, so that scorpions can hibernate and overwinter, avoiding the cold winter and the difficult period of artificial heating, and avoiding the death of scorpions. Breeding scorpions by semi-constant temperature method can give birth to about 2 and 50 fetuses every year, the survival rate is as high as 90%, and the mortality rate of female scorpions is reduced by 50%, which not only saves labor and effort, but also reduces the cost of raising scorpions. 5. Humidity: Scorpions also have strict requirements on humidity. Most people think that scorpions like humidity, but they don't. Scorpions like dryness and are afraid of humidity, but too dryness is not conducive to the development of scorpions. Therefore, in general, the principle of wet day and wet night should be maintained, and the dry activity place in the nest should be moist, so that the soil water content at the bottom of the pool or basin is between 15%-20%, and the air relative humidity is 75% as the optimal humidity. 6. Food and Tenebrio molitor feeding: (1) Food. Tenebrio molitor is the main food for raising scorpions at home. If possible, you can feed some ground beetle, grasshopper, earthworm and razor clam. (2) Feeding of Tenebrio molitor. Tenebrio molitor larvae are juicy and rich in protein, which is one of the high-quality food for scorpions. Tenebrio molitor has strong vitality, large amount of eggs laid by adults, fast reproduction and easy breeding. At 20℃ ~ 30℃, one generation can be completed in two months. Larvae can be cultured in plastic pots filled with wheat bran. It is best to feed more vegetables, leaves, melons and skins. When the larvae become pupae, they should be picked out in time and put into another pot or other utensils. In the temperature range of 20℃ ~ 30℃, they can become adults within 5 ~ 7 days. Put the adults into the spawning box and feed them with proper wheat bran and vegetable leaves for spawning and reproduction. The spawning box can be nailed to the square wooden frame on the inner wall with transparent tape to prevent adults from climbing out and escaping. Nail a layer of 40 mesh stainless steel gauze (like a sieve) at the bottom of the frame, cover the gauze with a layer of paper, and sprinkle a thin layer of wheat bran on the paper for the pupa to eat. Adults can lay eggs on the paper through the gauze. In this way, you can roll up the paper with eggs every seven days and put them in a container full of wheat bran seeds for incubation. In the temperature range of 20℃ ~ 30℃, the larvae can hatch in about 5 days. A larva needs to molt six times in its life to become a pupa. You can choose larvae of different sizes and feed them during the growth of scorpions of different ages. 7. Scorpion feeding management: (1) Food feeding: The main food for small-scale scorpion feeding in the family is to feed fresh Tenebrio molitor. The big scorpion feeds the big Tenebrio molitor, and the little scorpion feeds the little Tenebrio molitor. Generally, a Tenebrio molitor can be eaten by 5 to 7 scorpions every day to calculate the food intake. When feeding, Tenebrio molitor gets excited in a small plastic dish, and then puts it in the place where scorpions often move for food. You can also feed more food to prevent scorpions from competing for food and causing harm. (2) Water supply: put the sponge blocks soaked in water into a small plastic tray, and then put the small tray on the part where scorpions often move. Sponges and small trays are best washed at 6 pm every day to avoid scorpion diseases caused by water quality deterioration and pollution. Scorpions can not only absorb water from sponge blocks, but also absorb some water from soil. According to this feature, while keeping water supply for the sponge, artificial scorpions spray clean drinking water evenly around the places where scorpions often move every 3-5 days at 8: 00 a.m., so that the soil is moist without water accumulation, so as to meet the water demand of scorpions. (3) Selection and management of breeding scorpions: Breeding scorpions should choose scorpions with large size, bright and lively body surface, strong appetite, bent tail and strong adaptability. The density of breeding scorpions should not be too high, and it is necessary to prevent them from killing each other because of insufficient mating places. When mating, the field should be flat, the nest should be dry, the diet should be adequate, and the temperature should be kept at 33℃ ~ 36℃. (4) Feeding and management of pregnant scorpions: If the abdomen of the female scorpion is found to be obese, and there is a white rice-shaped embryo in the abdomen through the membrane wall, it means that the pregnant scorpion is about to give birth. The suitable temperature for giving birth to pregnant scorpions is 33℃ ~ 36℃. Low temperature will prolong pregnancy time, and may also lead to dystocia and high stillbirth rate, so temperature is very important for pregnant scorpions. Such female scorpions in labor should be picked out in time and put in the delivery room alone; The container in the delivery room can be a glass jar or a plastic bottle. (5) Feeding management of young scorpions: Young scorpions about ten days after delivery, that is, those who can live independently after climbing down from the back of the mother scorpion, should be raised separately from the mother scorpion in time. Because the female scorpion consumes a lot of physical strength after pregnancy, childbirth and pregnancy. Especially during childbirth and piggyback, most scorpions don't eat or drink. When the young scorpion climbs down from the back of the mother scorpion and completes the task of raising the young scorpion on its back, it enters the full feeding period. If feeding is not timely or sufficient, some female scorpions may eat young scorpions, so it is also the key to protect young scorpions from female scorpions in time and improve the survival rate of young scorpions. Mother-child separation: the mother scorpion can be picked out of the bottle, and then the mother scorpion and the young scorpion are respectively put into the mother scorpion and the young scorpion feeding pool or basin for feeding. After leaving the body of the mother scorpion, the little scorpions also entered a complete feeding period, hunting day and night. At this time, enough Tenebrio molitor (such as 1 ~ 2 years old Tenebrio molitor) must be put in to meet the needs of young scorpions. Otherwise, young scorpions and young scorpions will eat into each other, often eating the strong and eating the weak. However, when molting, the appetite decreases, and no food is eaten for 2 to 4 days before and after molting. After the postpartum female scorpion and the young scorpion are raised separately, the male scorpion should be put in time to ensure mating with the female scorpion. After the female scorpion is mated and pregnant, the male scorpion is picked out and raised separately. 8. Prevention and treatment of scorpion disease: (1) The scorpion house, scorpion pool, scorpion nest and feeding equipment should be strictly disinfected before use. Keep the air inside and outside the feeding area and inside and outside the scorpion nest fresh and pollution-free. (2) Feed fresh food with clean drinking water and pay attention to food hygiene. (3) According to the size of scorpions, pregnancy, calving and different growth and development stages of young scorpions, keep the most suitable temperature and feeding density. (4) Keep the feeding area quiet, prevent from being frightened, falling and squeezing, and reduce the occurrence of miscarriage of pregnant scorpions. (5) drinking water prevention and control law. For every 2,000 adult scorpions, 2 tablets of oxytetracycline and 20 tablets of oxytetracycline were fed to the mother, ground into fine powder, added with 2,500 grams of clean drinking water, stirred evenly, and put into the sea sponge. Let the sponge be dipped in the liquid medicine, and put it in the place where scorpions often move, so that scorpions can drink freely. Do it every seven days for three days. Can prevent and treat various scorpion diseases. (6) dietotherapy. Every1000g of Tenebrio molitor, use 2 pieces of oxytetracycline and 20 pieces of raw food, * * * grind flour, add 500g of fine wheat bran, stir well, and feed Tenebrio molitor once every 5 days. Feeding Tenebrio molitor once every 10 day can prevent various scorpion diseases. 9. Extraction method of scorpion venom: An electronic venom extractor has been used to extract scorpion venom. The method of detoxification is: pick up two tweezers with both hands, one for holding the first segment of the scorpion tail and the other for holding the fifth segment of the scorpion's back abdomen, then move the scorpion close to the glass carrier, turn on the foot switch for 1 ~ 2 seconds, so that the scorpion can automatically detoxify, and immediately lift its foot to disconnect the power supply. The detoxification amount of scorpions varies with the size of scorpions. A large body has a large amount of detoxification, while a small body has a small amount of detoxification. Moreover, the detoxification of male scorpion is more than that of female scorpion. Can discharge 4 ~ 5 drops at most. The extracted scorpion venom should be vacuum-dried or freeze-dried as soon as possible to make dry venom, and stored or sold at low temperature. 10. Processing of dry medicinal scorpions: The simple processing method of dry medicinal scorpions is as follows: first, put the live scorpions into an appropriate container, add light salt water (salt content is 0.5%) to soak the scorpions, after 2-3 hours, make the live scorpions struggle, fully clean the dirt inside and outside the scorpions, then take them out and rinse them with clear water, and then take them out and let them stand for a period of time. 90g of refined salt is extracted from live scorpions every 100g, evenly sprinkled on scorpions, marinated for 1 hr, steamed in a steamer for half an hour, taken out and dried in a ventilated and dry place, and then sold as dried scorpions as medicinal commodities.