Multimedia improves the communication of human information and shortens the path of human information dissemination. The application of multimedia technology is the characteristic of computer application in 1990s, and it is also another revolution of computer.
Definition of Multimedia What is multimedia? The word "Multimedia" is translated from English "multimedia", which is a compound word of multiple and media, and the core word is media. Media has two meanings in the computer field: first, it refers to the entity that stores information, such as magnetic disk, optical disk, magnetic tape, semiconductor memory and so on. Chinese is often translated into medium, which refers to the carrier of information, such as numbers, words, sounds, graphics, images and so on. And Chinese translation is the medium. The medium in multimedia technology refers to the latter.
The word corresponding to multimedia is single media. Literally, multimedia is composed of mono media. Humans need to use various information carriers in information exchange, and multimedia refers to the forms of expression and communication of various information carriers. However, the concept of "media" is still a bit narrow. In fact, the concept of "media" is quite extensive.
There are five types of "media": 1. Perceptionmedium: refers to the medium that can directly act on people's sensory organs, thus making people feel directly. Such as language, music, all kinds of sounds in nature, all kinds of images, animations, words and so on.
2. Imagery media: refers to the media artificially developed for conveying sensory media. With the help of this medium, sensory media can be stored more effectively or transmitted from one place to another far away.
Such as language code, telegraph code, bar code, etc. 3. Representation medium: refers to the medium used to convert between electrical signals and sensory media in communication.
Such as input and output devices, keyboards, mice, monitors, printers, etc. 4. Storage medium: refers to the medium used to store a certain medium.
Such as paper, magnetic tape, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc. 5.Tran * * * issue: refers to the medium used to transmit some media.
Commonly used such as telephone lines, cables, optical fibers, etc. There are so many media, what does this have to do with the "multimedia" mentioned in our book? That is what we call "multimedia" here.
It is generally believed that "multimedia" refers to the technology that can acquire, process, edit, store and display more than two different types of information media at the same time, including words, sounds, graphics, images, animations, videos and so on. In this sense, we can see that what we often call "multimedia" ultimately boils down to a kind of "technology".
In fact, it is precisely because of the substantial progress of computer technology and digital information processing technology that we have the ability to process multimedia information today, which makes "multimedia" a reality. Therefore, what we now call "multimedia" often does not refer to various media themselves, but mainly refers to a set of technologies for processing and applying them.
Therefore, "multimedia" is often considered as a synonym for "multimedia technology". In addition, it should be noted that the multimedia technology that people are talking about now is often associated with computers, because the digital and interactive processing capabilities of computers have greatly promoted the development of multimedia technology.
Generally speaking, multimedia can be regarded as a new technology or product formed by combining advanced computer technology with video, audio and communication technology. The definition of multimedia technology is that computers comprehensively process all kinds of media information, such as text, graphics, images, audio and video, so that all kinds of information are logically linked, integrated into a system and interactive.
Simply put, the computer processes audio, text and graphic information comprehensively, and it is integrated and interactive. Generally speaking, the characteristics of multimedia computer technology can be divided into the following points: (1) integration.
Multimedia computer technology is a combination of text, graphics, images, sound and animation and other media applications, based on digital processing. It is different from ordinary traditional documents, and it is a system that integrates various media by computer technology.
Media can be divided into text, audio and video according to different attributes; Among them, text can be divided into characters and numbers, audio can be divided into music and voice, and video can be divided into still images, animations and movies. There are many technologies, such as computer technology, hypertext technology, optical disk storage technology and image drawing technology. Computer multimedia is more widely used than traditional multimedia, such as CAI, audio books, business information consultation and so on. , are the application fields of computer multimedia.
In addition, the system integration of various technologies can basically include the latest hardware technology and software technology in today's computer field. (2) interactivity.
Interaction is one of the characteristics of multimedia computer technology, that is, interactive communication with users, which is the biggest difference between it and traditional media. This change not only provides users with the ability to solve problems according to their own wishes, but also helps them to learn, think and make systematic inquiries or statistics with the help of this conversational communication, thus enhancing their knowledge and solving problems.
(3) Disorder rules. Generally speaking, users' demand for non-sequential information access is much greater than that for sequential access.
In the past, when searching for information, most of the time was spent looking for information and receiving duplicate information. Multimedia system overcomes this shortcoming, which makes people gradually improve the way of acquiring knowledge according to the ladder structure of chapters, sections and pages, and then presents a new look with the help of the concept of hypertext.
The so-called "hypertext" is simply unordered text, which can simplify the process of user information query, which is also one of the functions emphasized by multimedia. (4) Non-paper output form.
The application of multimedia system is different from the traditional application.
2. What is the development history of multimedia technology? 1986 interactive cd-rom system CD-I stores all kinds of media information in digital form on a 650MB CD-ROM, so that users can read the contents of the CD interactively.
1987 interactive digital video system -DVI DVI is based on computers, and uses optical disks to store and retrieve information such as images and sounds.
1989 popular DVI products put this chip on IBMPS/2 computer.
1990 MPC (multimedia personal computer) level computer manufacturers and software publishers all over the world have the same standard, which really promotes the popularization of CD-ROM publications.
The * * * provided by multimedia computer is not a single * * *, but a synthesis of multiple senses, which is very important for students to acquire and master knowledge.
Multimedia technology has the following main features:
(1) integration can acquire, store, organize and synthesize information through multiple channels.
(2) Controlled multimedia technology is a computer-centered comprehensive processing and control of multimedia information, which is displayed in various media forms according to people's requirements and acts on people's various senses at the same time.
(3) Interactivity Interaction is one of the main characteristics that distinguish multimedia applications from traditional information exchange media. Traditional information communication media can only spread information in one direction and passively, while multimedia technology can realize people's active choice and control of information.
(4) The nonlinear characteristics of nonlinear multimedia technology will change people's traditional sequential reading and writing mode.
Types and characteristics of multimedia information;
(1) Text is an information form expressed by words and various special symbols, and it is the most widely used way of information storage and transmission in real life.
(2) Image is one of the most important forms of information expression in multimedia software, and it is the key factor to determine the visual effect of multimedia software.
(3) Animation Animation is to quickly play a series of graphic images with continuous motion changes by using the persistence characteristics of human vision, including scaling, rotation, transformation, fading in and out and other special effects.
3. Understanding the development history of multimedia technology is conducive to learning and mastering teaching materials.
The * * * provided by multimedia computer is not a single * * *, but a synthesis of multiple senses, which is very important for students to acquire and master knowledge. Psychologist Chiritra has done two famous psychological experiments: 1. How do people get information? He confirmed through a lot of experiments that 83% of human information comes from vision, and 1 1% comes from hearing. These two add up to 94%, and the visible information mainly comes from vision and hearing. Multimedia technology makes information both audible and self-satisfied, integrating sound, light, shape, color and movement, which directly affects students' vision and hearing. This kind of information obtained through multi-sensory * * * is much stronger than that obtained by simply listening to the teacher's lecture. Information and knowledge are closely related, and a lot of knowledge can be obtained by obtaining a lot of information. His other experiment is about knowledge retention, that is, the persistence of memory. The results show that if you can not only hear, but also see, and then express it in your own language through discussion and communication, the maintenance of knowledge can be much better than that of traditional teaching. And multimedia technology can make students hear, see and have enough discussion. This shows that the application of multimedia computer technology is not only beneficial to the learning of knowledge, but also beneficial to the maintenance of knowledge after acquisition.
4. Application and development of multimedia technology Application of information multimedia technology [Abstract] Multimedia technology is the fastest-growing and most active technology in the field of information technology today. Through the analysis of the application status and development trend of multimedia technology, we predict that with the increasing popularity of high-speed information network, it is being widely used in consulting services, books, education, communication, military, finance, medical care and many other industries.
Multimedia technology is the fastest developing and most active technology in the field of information technology, and it is also the focus of the development and competition of a new generation of electronic technology. Multimedia technology integrates many functions such as computer, sound, text, image, animation, video and communication. With the increasing popularity of high-speed information network, it can realize the global networking of computers and the sharing of information resources, so it is widely used in consulting services, books, education, communications, military affairs, finance, medical care and many other industries, and is subtly changing our life.
1 multimedia technology directory
Multimedia technology uses computer interactive synthesis technology and digital communication network technology to deal with various presentation media-text, graphics, images, video and sound, so that all kinds of information can be logically connected and integrated into an interactive system.
It mainly involves the following parts:
1. 1 Multimedia data compression and image processing: including HCI and interactive interface design, multimodal transformation, compression coding, virtual reality, etc.
1.2 audio information processing: including music synthesis, speech recognition between specific people and non-specific people, text-to-speech conversion, etc.
1.3 multimedia database and content-based retrieval: including multimedia database and retrieval based on multimedia database.
1.4 Multimedia authoring tool: It includes multimedia synchronization, hypermedia and hypertext.
1.5 multimedia communication and distributed multimedia: including CSCW, conference system, video on demand and system design.
1.6 multimedia applications: CAI and distance education, GIS and digital earth, multimedia remote monitoring, etc.
2 Application status of multimedia technology
With the development and application of multimedia technology, all aspects of human social work and life are bathed in the sunshine it brings, and the new feelings and experiences brought by new technologies are unimaginable at any time in the past.
2. 1 Application of multimedia data compression and image processing
Multimedia computer technology is a processing technology for three-dimensional graphics, surround sound and color full-screen moving images. However, digital computers are faced with the problems of numerical values, characters, languages, music, graphics, animations, images, videos and other media, which carry the throughput, storage and transmission of information converted from analog to digital. The number of digitized video and audio signals is amazing, which puts great pressure on the storage capacity of memory, the channel transmission rate of communication trunk line and the speed of computer. It is unrealistic to solve this problem simply by expanding storage capacity and improving the transmission rate of communication trunk lines.
Data compression technology provides an effective method for image, video and audio signal compression, file storage and distributed utilization, and improves the transmission efficiency of communication trunk lines. At the same time, it makes it possible for the computer to process audio and video information in real time, so as to ensure that high-quality audio and video programs can be played.
International organizations such as the International Standardization Association, the International Electronics Commission and the International Telecommunication Association led the formulation of three important international standards for video image compression and coding in the 1990s, namely JPEG standard. H.26 1 standard; MPEG standard.
2. 1. 1 JPEG
It is the world's first international standard for color, grayscale and still images. It is not only suitable for the compression of still images, but also suitable for the compression and coding of intra-frame images of TV image sequences. JPEG compression standard is usually adopted.
2. 1.2
It is an international standard of video image compression coding, which is mainly used in videophone and video conference, and can transmit more complex images with better quality.
2. 1.3 MPEG
MPEG video compression technology is a data compression technology for moving images. At present, it is divided into MPEG-I, MPEG-II, MPEG-IV, MPEG-7 and MPEG-2 1.
MPEG- 1 was originally used to encode moving images and sounds in digital storage. The digital rate is 1.5Mbit/s, the image is in SIF format, and the quality of two stereo channels is close to that of CD. So far, the application of MPEG-I compression technology is quite mature, and it is widely used in VCD production and image monitoring.
MPEG-II is an extension, enrichment and perfection of MPEG-I. The video data rate of MPEG-II is 4-5Mit/S, and it can provide broadcast-grade video with resolution of 720*480(NTSC) or 720*576(PAL), which is suitable for high-quality television and broadcasting including widescreen and HDTV.
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5. History of information technology development Artificial intelligence (AI) is a challenging science, and people engaged in this work must understand computer knowledge, psychology and philosophy.
Artificial intelligence includes a wide range of sciences and consists of different fields, such as machine learning, computer vision and so on. Generally speaking, the purpose of artificial intelligence is to make computers think like people. At the time of 1955, Shannon and others developed the logic theorist program, which is a program with a tree structure. When the program runs, it searches the tree and finds the branch of the tree closest to the possible answer to get the correct answer.
This program can be said to have an important position in the history of artificial intelligence, which has brought great influence to the academic community and society, so that many thinking methods we adopt still come from this program in the 1950s. From 65438 to 0956, McCarthy, another famous scientist in the field of artificial intelligence, convened a meeting to discuss the future development direction of artificial intelligence.
Since then, the name of artificial intelligence has been formally established, and this conference is not a great success in the history of artificial intelligence. However, this meeting gave the founders of artificial intelligence an opportunity to communicate with each other and paved the way for the future development of artificial intelligence.
After that, the focus of artificial intelligence is to establish a practical system that can solve problems by itself, and requires the system to have self-learning ability. 1957, Shannon and others developed a program called General Problem Solver (GPS), which extended Wiener's feedback theory and could solve some common problems.
While other scientists are trying to develop this system, the scientist on the right has made great contributions. He created the form processing language LISP. Until now, many artificial intelligence programs still use this language, which has almost become synonymous with artificial intelligence. Today, LISP is still developing. Extended data:
I. Introduction to Information Technology Information technology (IT for short) is a general term for various technologies mainly used for managing and processing information.
It mainly uses application of computer science and communication technology to design, develop, install and implement information systems and application software. It is also often called information and communication technology (ICT).
It mainly includes sensing technology, computer and intelligence technology, communication technology and control technology. Second, the wide application of social function information technology in the world not only profoundly affects the economic structure and efficiency, but also has a profound impact on social culture and spiritual civilization as a representative of advanced productive forces.
Information technology has caused profound changes in traditional education methods. The diversity of computer simulation technology, multimedia technology, virtual reality technology, distance education technology and information carriers enables learners to overcome the obstacles of time and space and arrange their own learning time and speed more actively.
In particular, distance education with the help of the Internet will open up a global knowledge dissemination channel and realize the mutual dialogue and exchange between learners and instructors in different regions, which will not only greatly improve the efficiency of education, but also provide learners with a relaxed and rich learning environment. The development of distance education will trigger a revolution in the field of traditional education and promote the general improvement of human knowledge.
Internet has become an indispensable tool for scientific research and technological development. With more than 600 large libraries, more than 400 document repositories and 1 10,000 information sources, the Internet has become a treasure house for researchers to access and obtain the latest scientific and technological trends at any time, greatly saving the time and cost of consulting documents.