Non-invasive paternity test is a test method to extract maternal peripheral blood, extract fetal DNA from peripheral blood for amplification, and then determine the genetic relationship through DNA examination, so there may be some limitations in the identification results. In the past, paternity test was mostly carried out by extracting amniotic fluid, because amniotic fluid contained fetal DNA, and the blood relationship was determined by DNA examination, but amniocentesis was traumatic to some extent. However, simply taking venous blood from pregnant women's peripheral blood for DNA detection is less invasive, so it is also called noninvasive paternity test. This is the result of scientific and technological development. Recent scientific research has found that a small amount of fetal DNA can enter the mother's body and be extracted for DNA amplification, thus achieving the completion of non-invasive paternity testing.
The so-called non-invasive prenatal paternity test is to identify the genetic father of the fetus by taking the venous blood of pregnant women, especially when the genetic father of the fetus is unknown. In the past, prenatal paternity testing generally required amniocentesis, which was completed by extracting fetal DNA from amniotic fluid. However, amniocentesis may cause risks such as abortion and infection, which is invasive. Now with the development of science and technology, it is found that fetal DNA can also enter the mother's body, and fetal DNA can be extracted from the mother's peripheral blood. Through DNA amplification technology, enough DNA can be obtained to complete paternity test. Because extracting DNA from peripheral blood is safe and noninvasive, it is also called noninvasive prenatal paternity test.