During the period from weaning to 8 months old, the management should be meticulous and thoughtful. The owner should feed the puppies personally every time, especially the puppies that have just been bought or adopted from the market. The owner should be close to them, and feeding is the best way to build feelings.
In the process of feeding, we should pay attention to the dog's feeding status and appetite, and take corresponding measures at any time. If there is feed left in the feeding basin, it means that there is too much food or the dog is sick. At this time, the amount of food should be reduced or the veterinarian should be consulted immediately. If the puppy continues to lick in the empty food bowl and looks at the owner with expectant eyes, it means that the puppy is not full and should be fed more food. However, it should be noted that the digestive function of puppies is not perfect, so it is not suitable to be overfed to avoid indigestion. Generally speaking, 80% full is better.
Prevent puppies from overeating or not eating enough. When multiple dogs are kept together, it is necessary to prevent individual puppies from eating too much, which leads to other puppies not eating or not eating enough.
In addition, we should pay attention to changing the padding regularly, increasing or decreasing the padding with the change of seasons, and cultivate puppies to develop good living habits, such as defecation at regular intervals. Take the dog to exercise every day, keep the kennel clean, regularly carry out deworming and preventive injection, and castrate, cut off the tail and repair the ears if necessary.
Puppy breeding -8 months old
8-month-old dogs are basically close to adult dogs, and their bodies are no longer tall, but their weight can increase by 15-20%. The food composition of 8-month-old dogs is roughly as follows: protein feed such as meat and beans accounts for 55%, carbohydrate feed such as rice and bread accounts for 35%, fat feed such as cream and vegetable oil accounts for about 5%, vegetables accounts for about 5%, and minerals and vitamins are appropriate. The above ingredient feeding method is to cook the meat and mix it with rice, bread, vegetables and other ingredients to make vegetable soup. An 8-month-old dog can be fed twice a day in the morning and evening.
Raise puppies 6-7 months old.
The food intake of puppies aged 6-7 months is gradually increasing, and the daily feeding amount should be increased accordingly, but the frequency can be reduced to 2-3 times. In addition, the food composition of dogs aged 6-7 months is the same as that of dogs aged 4-5 months, but it needs to be adjusted according to their growth and development. If the puppy is overweight, reduce carbohydrate and fatty food, increase the content of protein and vegetables accordingly, and increase the amount of exercise. If the dog is too thin, add carbohydrates, fat and protein food, such as flour, rice, steamed bread, meat and milk.
Puppy breeding -5 months old
The food composition of 5-month-old puppies is basically the same as that of 4-month-old puppies, but the content of carbohydrate foods such as rice, bread and beans should be appropriately increased. At the same time, a small amount of vegetable oil should be added to the feed to improve the content of protein feed. At the same time, salt, Va Vd, vegetables and other substances can maintain the original level.
Puppy breeding -4 months old
On the basis of 3-month-old puppy feed formula, a proper amount of broken bread and a small amount of potatoes can be added to improve the dog's digestive ability. For 4-month-old puppies, the feeding frequency can be reduced to 3 times, but the daily feeding amount should be increased.
Puppy breeding -3 months old
The food composition of 3-month-old puppies is basically the same as that of 2-month-old puppies. Lean meat, rice, milk and vegetables are still the main foods, but a small amount of beef liver and pig liver can be added to increase the degree that dogs do not have diarrhea. At the age of 3 months, the dog's bone development gradually becomes faster. At this time, the feed of bone meal, Va and Vd should be gradually increased, otherwise it will affect the dog's growth and development, and rickets may occur.
How to take care of a puppy that has not been weaned (Figure)
Puppy breeding -2 months old
2-month-old puppies began to live independently, so the feeding ingredients at this stage are high protein, fat, lactose and cellulose, and the feed raw materials are mainly lean meat, milk, rice, eggs and vegetables. The feeding amount of puppies should be determined according to the dog's weight, and the feeding times should be 4 times, and it is not easy to overdo each time. It is better for dogs to eat satisfactorily, with no surplus, and eight points full. Some people set the diet standard for this month-old dog as 200 grams of lean meat, 300 grams of goat milk, 200 grams of eggs 1, 200 grams of rice, 200 grams of vegetables, salt, bone meal or Vd, which can be used as a reference for the majority of dog lovers. The feeding principle of 2-month-old puppies is regular and quantitative, and the food formula cannot be changed at will.
How to care for puppies?
Puppies have poor physical resistance and relatively low physiological function after birth, so it is necessary to do a good job of nursing. Puppy care mainly includes the following four aspects:
The temperature regulation function of thermal insulation and compression puppies is poor, so temperature is the key to improve the survival rate of puppies. Temperature requirement: keep it at about 32℃ in the first week, and then drop it by 3℃ every week until the fourth week. In addition, puppies have no vision or hearing, poor mobility, and are easily crushed by bitches. Care should be taken to prevent puppies from being crushed.
Feeding colostrum is rich in nutrition and has the ability to gain weight, resist disease and stop diarrhea. Therefore, it is the key to improve the survival rate of puppies by feeding them enough colostrum to gain acquired immunity. In order to feed enough colostrum, pups should also be fixed with nipples and special care should be given to weak dogs.
Breastfeeding and timely feeding can not only supplement the shortage of breast milk, but also enable puppies to establish their own eating habits. Breastfeeding is very important for the growth and development of puppies when they are 2 weeks old.
Do a good job in artificial lactation and lactation. When the bitch dies postpartum, has no milk, gives birth to too many babies or lacks lactation, she should do her best.
What are the characteristics of puppy growth and development?
A puppy is a dog from birth to 45 days old. Considering the growth and development, puppies mainly have the following two characteristics:
With the gradual improvement of various physiological functions, naturally born cubs have locked their eyes and ear canals and cannot live independently. After 10 day old, the eyes and ear canal of the pups are opened one after another, and they begin to have the ability to bear and distinguish things from the external environment, and then they can gradually stand and walk, showing accurate positioning reflex to external stimuli and forming defensive reflex.
Puppies grow and develop rapidly, and their digestive organs are underdeveloped after birth. However, due to the high nutritional level of breast milk, puppies grow and develop rapidly, with an average daily gain of about 30 ~ 50g.
How to choose a dog for the first time
The following aspects can be considered:
1, breed I introduced the identification points of many kinds of dogs, and you can choose according to your own preferences. The size of the housing area should also be considered. It should be selected according to the purpose and characteristics of the variety.
2. Older puppies should be adopted after weaning. Puppies can quickly adapt to the environment, establish a strong friendship with their owners, and are easy to form.
3. Male dogs are active and brave, but the training time is long; Bitches are docile and easy to train, but getting pregnant and giving birth every year will increase trouble.
The best way to stop wrong behavior is to stop it in time at the first time. Although you can't fully understand the dog's mind, you can still predict what it will do next. For example, when it starts chewing, imagine what it prefers to chew. The expensive leather shoes you just bought smell very fragrant, and they are even more exciting to chew-dogs will have a strong interest in shoes, and as long as you put them where their paws can reach them, they will immediately pick them up and study them. Smart owners will naturally put their shoes in a safe place to stop dogs from chewing.
As social animals, dogs will become depressed or unruly if they are forced to cut off their social ties. When he is alone for a long time, he may sabotage or scream at home. Dog behavior experts believe that a barking dog should not be alone for more than 12 hours a day unless you can control its barking.
When we are eating, the dog will stare at the food in our mouth and hands. Their eyes are always hungry. Watching their owners will be reluctant to sneak a piece or two of food for their dogs. Seeing the dog happy, I can't stop to give more food.
In addition, some owners maintain the old concept of keeping dogs, thinking that dogs can eat what people can eat, but people and dogs have different physiological structures and metabolism, and their relative nutritional needs are also different, so some foods can be fatal to dogs, so the "eating" of dogs cannot be ignored!
Standing on the nutritional needs of dogs, the food made by humans is too greasy and salty, and dogs that eat human food for a long time are prone to obesity. Obesity is the trigger of many diseases, such as heart disease, pancreatic disease and even skin, so love is not crucial. Simply feeding the dog dry food is the best lover.
However, no matter how regularly the owner only feeds the dogs dry feed, there will still be some weird dogs stealing trash cans or jumping on the table to steal food, so the following foods that dogs are forbidden to eat should be placed very carefully:
1) chocolate-gee ~ ~ ~ There must be many people who doubt the danger of chocolate! Chocolate is a fatal temptation for dogs, because the caffeine caffeine and theobromine contained in chocolate have a serious impact on the dog's heart and central nervous system, but some owners of iron teeth will definitely say that my dog is still fine after eating chocolate! This is because eating below the dangerous dose, chocolate bars usually sold in the market will cause discomfort to dogs, from diarrhea to vomiting, convulsions and even death. Moreover, the amount of chocolate eaten by dogs will accumulate in the body and it will take a long time to be metabolized, so it may be okay to feed a chocolate today, but eating another chocolate the next day will not be so lucky!
2) Raw meat or undercooked meat-In movies, hero hunters will cut off the meat of their prey and throw it directly to dogs, but these legends will not tell you that raw meat contains salmonella and Escherichia coli, which will lead to gastrointestinal diseases in dogs.
3) Expired food-Some people will be reluctant to throw away expired food because it doesn't look moldy or smell bad, but these expired foods are potentially dangerous and may have produced mold or other bacteria. It is difficult to find them just by looking and smelling, and you dare not eat them yourself, so you shouldn't throw them to the dog to solve the problem.
4) The bones of chickens, ducks, geese, fish, cows and pigs-Most people know that small and sharp chicken bones can't be fed to dogs, but they think that the bones of cows and pigs are thick enough for dogs to chew and play. This is a wrong idea, because these bones may be bitten into small pieces by dogs, which will wear or even pierce the esophagus and gastrointestinal tract, or cause gastrointestinal obstruction.
5) Fat soup left in the pot-I believe many people will give dogs chicken skin or let them eat leftovers on the plate, but you may not know that eating greasy food often leads to pancreatitis, so don't treat dogs as smelly buckets, because it is too wasteful to dump leftovers.
6) salt-dogs eat poison, and some people will use salt water to induce vomiting, but it is fatal for dogs to ingest a teaspoon of salt per kilogram. Therefore, if the dog accidentally eats poison, it should be sent to the hospital as soon as possible. Don't eat small folk remedies casually, which will lead to great disaster.
7) Garlic and onion-If the dog eats garlic-flavored chicken (more than 40 pieces) or a small packet of fried onion rings, it will lead to anemia in the dog, because garlic and onion contain a lot of sulfide, which can destroy the red blood cells of the dog. Even if you cook garlic and onions, you still can't remove sulfide components.
In fact, it is not just these foods that dogs can't eat. For example, eating fruits often will lead to soft stools or loose bowels in dogs due to excessive intake of vitamin C and fiber, and even renal insufficiency and kidney calculi in old age.
However, the above seven foods are very dangerous to dogs, and people who have dog treasures at home must understand their seriousness. Although everyone loves to eat delicious food and wants to share it with their dogs, there are fatal dangers hidden behind these tempting foods. Therefore, people who really love dogs, if they want their dogs to live a long and healthy life, must have the courage to reject all the temptations of human food and say "no!" " For their dogs. Only simply feeding dog food is the only way for dogs to be healthy.
Vaccines, wolves in sheep's clothing?
What exactly is a vaccine? Except for professional veterinarians, it's hard for ordinary pet owners to say clearly. Everyone thinks that vaccine is a good medicine, but they don't know that vaccine is actually a weakened virus.
How does virus prevent dog and cat diseases? Isn't it tempting to inject healthy dogs and cats with viruses? Viruses used as vaccines are all specially cultured and technically treated, and their activity is far lower than that of normal viruses. When this vaccine virus invades dogs and cats, their bodies will develop resistance. Because the activity of vaccine virus is extremely low, the resistance of dogs and cats can overcome the virus, thus ensuring the health of dogs and cats.
Through the struggle of vaccine virus, the resistance is getting stronger and stronger. In the future, even if normal viruses invade cats and dogs, cats and dogs can cope freely.
Overview of vaccine types:
At present, there are many kinds of vaccines for dogs on the market, which can be divided into canine vaccines, cat vaccines and both dogs and cats vaccines. Commonly used are canine cough vaccine (Interway, Netherlands), canine six-vaccine (canine distemper, infectious hepatitis, adenovirus, parainfluenza, leptospira and parvovirus) (Interway, USA, Vic and France) and canine seven-vaccine (Interway, Netherlands).
Tips 1: Vaccine for cats: Triple vaccine for preventing feline plague, feline rhinotracheitis and feline calicivirus (Interway, Netherlands, Fudao, USA, Vic, France).
Dog and cat vaccine: rabies vaccine (Interway, Netherlands, Fudao, USA, Vic, France)
Tips2: At present, except for the seven-vaccine, which is 1 10 yuan/needle, the prices of other vaccines are all 60 yuan/needle (imported).
Make an immunization plan for your dog:
Vaccination should strictly follow the immunization plan formulated by animal doctors. Premature vaccination can not only protect the health of puppies, but also destroy the efficacy of maternal antibodies and have the opposite effect.
Puppy immunization program
Dog age
Need immunization
Nasal immunization with dog cough vaccine 30 days after birth
At 7-8 weeks old, dogs were given the first injection of six vaccines.
Dogs were born 1 1- 12 weeks, and the second six-vaccine injection was carried out.
The dog was born in 14- 15 weeks, and was injected with rabies vaccine for the third time.
After your dog goes through this immunization program, what he will do in the future is to inject a six-vaccine and a rabies vaccine every year to let the dog bid farewell to those threatening infectious diseases.
Tips 1: the first dose (cat triple) was given to cats at 3 months old, and the second dose was given 20 weeks later. Inject once a year from now on.
Tips2: Maternal antibody refers to the antibody obtained from the mother and colostrum of newborn puppies. Maternal antibodies can ensure the resistance of puppies to diseases for a period of time after birth. When the maternal antibody disappears, it is necessary to vaccinate the puppies.
Can domestic vaccines and imported vaccines be mixed?
If the dog can't find the brand vaccine used in the first immunization during the second immunization, can it be replaced with other brands of vaccines? The answer is yes. Even if the imported vaccine is used for the first immunization, if the same vaccine cannot be found for the second immunization, the domestic vaccine can be used for immunization. Because the virus of the same disease is the same in China and America.
Why don't you get the vaccine according to your weight?
If you pay attention to the observation, you will find that the doctor always uses a dose for puppies of large dogs such as St. Bernard and Great White Bear, or puppies of small dogs such as Bomei and Chiva. Why don't you determine the dose according to your weight? In fact, no matter how big or small dogs are, only one dose of vaccine is injected at a time. Because each dose of vaccine contains the same virus and the body produces the same number of antibodies, the dose of vaccine has nothing to do with weight.
Can pregnant bitches be vaccinated against puppies?
It is absolutely forbidden to vaccinate pregnant bitches, otherwise it may lead to miscarriage of bitches. Animals have high antibodies when they are pregnant, so they generally don't suffer from infectious diseases and don't need to be vaccinated.
Is vaccination dangerous for dogs?
Usually, vaccination is not dangerous to dogs, but it is life-threatening for dogs to be vaccinated in a disease state. Therefore, before vaccination, be sure to ask a veterinarian to check your dog's health.
It is normal for animals to have elevated body temperature, listlessness, loss of appetite and pain after vaccination, and generally it will pass in 24 hours. However, when itching and facial swelling occur, it is allergic. You should go to the hospital for desensitization injections.
Technical data of dog and cat nutrition: dry food and cooked food
The nutritional status of dogs and cats is related to the health and longevity of dogs and cats, and also to the energy and money spent by owners on pet care. High-quality diet is prepared by dog and cat nutrition experts according to the nutrition needed by dogs and cats at different ages and different lifestyles. It has been proved by laboratory tests and feeding experiments that it contains the most suitable nutrients, and its palatability and safety have also been confirmed.
Using high-quality raw materials to prepare a diet with fixed nutritional content can ensure that dogs and cats can get proper nutrition every day, which is not only healthy and energetic, but also can reduce the time and money for owners to take care of sick animals.
The food cooked at home is not made according to the nutritional needs of cats and dogs, so it cannot provide the best nutrition for cats and dogs. Long-term consumption is easy to cause health problems caused by unbalanced nutrition. At the same time, eating food for human consumption is also likely to cause the adverse effects of picky eaters and anorexia in dogs and cats.
Food manufacturing methods will affect the nutrients contained in the diet; Preservation methods will also affect the flavor and nutrition of diet. A high-quality diet for dogs and cats is not only made of high-quality raw materials, but also made in a specific way, so that the nutrients in the diet are not easily destroyed and meet the daily needs of dogs and cats.
Cats must obtain taurine, tetracosenoic acid and prefabricated vitamin A from animal food raw materials. If they disappear, they will easily get sick and even die.
Dogs and cats that eat a lot of fresh meat are prone to many diseases, especially bone diseases, because of unbalanced nutrition. Eating raw meat is more likely to cause bacterial and parasitic problems in dogs and cats. Cats and dogs eating meat and bones are easy to cause gastrointestinal perforation and other problems, which are hard to prevent.
Feeding dogs and cats with food mixed with human food not only destroys the nutritional balance of dogs and cats, but also easily leads to obesity and various health problems. Take care of the health of your dog and cat, and please feed them with good food.
Advantages of eating high-quality dog and cat diet
Prepared by dog and cat nutrition experts according to the needs of dogs and cats, with fixed nutritional components, safety and reliability. Dogs and cats are healthy and full of energy after eating, which saves time, money and energy for the host to take care of the dog and cat festival.
Disadvantages of not eating high-quality dog and cat diet
The food cooked at home is not prepared according to the nutritional needs of cats and dogs, and the nutrition is unbalanced. Long-term consumption is likely to cause health problems such as decreased resistance and easy to get sick, which will cause mental and economic burden to the owner. Moreover, the quality of domestic food raw materials is uncertain, which is not easy to keep fresh, and it is easy to cause gastrointestinal problems for dogs and cats. In addition, eating food for human use is also easy to cause bad habits of picky eaters and anorexia in dogs and cats.
Which of the following categories does your dog belong to?
Youka puppy diet (small dog)
I am a puppy.
I am a petite dog. Even if it is exquisite and charming when it grows up, it has a high metabolic rate during its growth. Therefore, I need a lot of calories and nutrition.
Youka puppy diet (large dog)
I am a big dog, but I am underage.
I am a big dog. Although I am still young, I am growing fast. However, excessive growth often leads to uneven development of my bones and muscles, so I need to eat foods with low calorie density and low calcium content, otherwise it will easily lead to developmental osteopathy, which will be unhealthy when I grow up, and my owner will feel distressed!
Youka adult dog maintenance formula diet (small dog)
I am a puppy, but I am an adult dog.
I am a puppy. Although I am not big, I am an adult dog. Don't give me food at will. I can't be healthy and happy without proper nutrition. Although I was as heavy as a big dog when I was a child, my nutritional needs were completely different.
Youka adult dog maintenance formula diet (medium dog)
Youka senior adult dog diet
I am not only a big dog, but also an adult dog.
I am a big dog. I am tall and strong, and I need proper calories and nutrition. Otherwise, an active and generous animal like me has no energy to accompany his master.
Youka adult dog diet (low calorie formula)
I am a dog, and I am a little ... fat.
All right! I know I'm a little fat, but I'm losing weight. So I changed to eat low-calorie food with balanced nutrition and healthy weight loss to avoid weight-related diseases such as joints. I swear, I will never eat fried chicken, cake or fat again.
Youka Premium Dog Food (Maintenance Formula)
I am old, but I am still healthy.
I am an elderly dog, but I am still loyal to my master who has taken care of me for many years. In order to stay healthy, I eat low-calorie and crunchy food now. Because it contains special ingredients to slow down aging, it is easier to digest at the same time, and it will not cause me to accumulate fat because of slow metabolism.
Spring is the season of dog estrus, mating, reproduction and molting, and it is also the breeding season of viruses, bacteria and parasites.
It is necessary to strengthen the supervision of male and female in estrus to prevent loss and mismatch, and also to prevent male dogs from being injured because of competing for spouses and deal with the injuries in time.
Changing the hair of dogs in spring will cause itching and inflammation of the skin, and the skin will be confused and stained. Because the skin is not clean during hair changing, it is easy to get skin diseases such as scabies. Therefore, in spring, we should pay attention to grooming dogs, keeping their skin clean and preventing skin diseases.
Spring is the season of dog diseases, and the principle that prevention is more important than treatment must be implemented. First of all, kennels and playgrounds should be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected; Ding Peng will expel parasites in and out of dogs. In addition, vaccines such as rabies, canine distemper and parvovirus should be vaccinated.
Dog management in summer
Summer is the season when dogs are most susceptible to infection. In summer, the air is humid (especially in the rainy season in the south) and the weather is hot. Be sure to pay attention to heatstroke prevention and prevent food poisoning.
In summer, dogs are in a hot and humid environment. Due to the degeneration of sweat glands, it is difficult to dissipate heat, and it is easy to get heatstroke in summer, so the dog should choose a ventilated and cool place. In the hot season, dogs should often be given cold baths. Avoid dogs moving in the hot sun, and usually go out for a walk in the morning and evening.
Dog feed is easy to ferment and deteriorate in summer, which is easy to cause food poisoning. Therefore, the food for dogs should be fresh and heated; Feeding should be moderate, not excessive; Dump the fermented and spoiled food, and be sure not to let the dog eat any more.
Summer is the breeding season for mosquitoes, flies and fleas, so we must do a good job in preventing flies, mosquitoes and lice.
Dog management in autumn
Autumn is the most comfortable and happy season for dogs. Autumn is the most vigorous season for dog metabolism. In order to increase the body fat reserve and prepare for the winter, dogs eat a lot and become active. Therefore, food with high nutritional value should be given in autumn to eliminate summer fatigue and prepare for winter.
As the temperature gets colder, it is also the season for dogs to shed their hair in summer and grow their hair in winter. Pay attention to combing and cleaning in time to promote the growth of winter hair.
Autumn is also the season of estrus, mating and reproduction for dogs, and its management method is basically the same as that in spring.
According to the physiological characteristics of dogs in autumn, in addition to the three items of spring management (prevention of mismatch, prevention of loss, prevention of fighting and injury), dogs should be washed and groomed more to prevent colds, because the temperature drops in autumn, it is cooler in the morning and evening, and the temperature difference between day and night is large, so dogs are prone to catch colds.
Winter management of dogs
The temperature is cold in winter, so we should pay attention to cold protection, warmth and sunbathing to prevent respiratory diseases and rheumatism in winter.
Winter management should first pay attention to the cold and warmth of kennels. Move the kennel to the lee of the sun and hang a curtain at the door of the kennel to prevent cold air from passing through people; Second, the mattress should be thicker, Qin Ying should change it, bask in the sun and keep it dry; Third, windproof, block the hole in the north wall, close the north window, pay attention to properly open the window for ventilation on sunny days, keep the kennel air clean and fresh, reduce ammonia gas, and prevent the occurrence of respiratory diseases. Fourth, when the weather is sunny and warm, take the dog out for activities, bask in the sun, enhance physical fitness and improve disease resistance. Sunbathing can not only keep warm, ultraviolet rays can sterilize and disinfect, but also promote the absorption of calcium, which is beneficial to the growth and development of dog bones and prevent the occurrence of He Lou's disease in puppies.
In cold temperatures, dogs will consume a lot of calories. Therefore, in winter, cream, viscera, milk and foods with more vitamin A and fat components should be added to the feed mix, which can quickly supplement calories and enhance the cold resistance of dogs.