The intelligentization of residential quarters is the inevitable trend of social informatization and the comprehensive application of contemporary science and technology in the residential industry, aiming at improving residential functions, optimizing living environment and improving the quality of life. How to proceed from reality and build an intelligent community suitable for the national conditions? Here, the author talks about some understandings and experiences in engineering practice.
I. Four elements
"Correct understanding, reasonable demand positioning, optimized design and standardized implementation" are the four major elements for the successful construction of wireless city.
1) Correct understanding
The implementation of intelligent system in residential quarters is a high-tech project. First of all, we must have a correct understanding: "Intelligence is an anthropomorphic name, not a simple bunch of intelligent systems, nor" automation "in life, nor is it a testing ground for the latest and most advanced systems and products. Therefore, the owner should have a rational and correct understanding of the construction of "intelligent" system engineering, and should not blindly pursue high standards and put forward unrealistic requirements or far-fetched. Specifically, the "intelligence" of residential areas is mainly reflected in the following three aspects:
(1) Providing convenient, fast and economical information and communication services: applying computer network technology and communication technology, establishing a high-speed data communication network in the community to meet people's diversified information and communication needs in the information age.
(2) Create a safe and comfortable living environment: apply modern safety precautions, establish necessary safety precautions in the community, and comprehensively use various modern technical means to create a safe and comfortable "living" environment.
(3) Establish an efficient, scientific and convenient property management system: apply computer network technology, software technology, modern control technology and ic card technology to establish a networked property management system.
2) Reasonable demand positioning
According to the specific situation of the community, including the scale and grade of the community, supporting facilities, building layout, users and investment, we should proceed from reality and moderately advance, and choose the systems and functions suitable for the actual needs of the community for practical purposes, that is, "tailor-made".
3) Optimize the design
On the basis of reasonable demand analysis, optimize the applicable intelligent system, make overall consideration, find the most economical and feasible implementation method, and exchange the least investment for the maximum effect.
4) Implementation of specifications
The implementation of the specification includes determining suitable integrators and suppliers, formulating step-by-step implementation steps, and standardizing the construction organization plan and installation, debugging, trial operation, testing and acceptance procedures.
Second, design comes first.
The implementation of intelligent system in residential quarters must be synchronized with civil engineering. First of all, we should entrust a design institute or design consulting company with special design qualification to make overall planning, including making demand analysis report, preliminary design, investment budget and step-by-step implementation steps. The construction drawing design is formally implemented after being reviewed by experts or approved by the owner. The construction drawing design includes the following contents:
● Plane construction drawing design of each system ● System diagram (non-schematic diagram) ● Design and function description of each system ● Reserve machine room, tube well and holes for civil engineering ● Power distribution design of intelligent system ● Project budget ● Write bidding or negotiation documents for engineering and system products (including technical and commercial parts) ● Review detailed design drawings of integrators (including installation details, layout of machine room, terminal wiring diagram, etc.). On the one hand, the design documents can be used as pipeline construction drawings to cooperate with civil construction, on the other hand, they can provide supplier quotations to determine the system products and their suppliers. Drawing documents and bidding documents can be used as bidding documents for system integrators, and system integrators (i.e. general contractors) can be determined through comprehensive technical and economic comparison. Some single building projects can be entrusted to their suppliers for construction (such as relatively independent three-meter billing system), and the overall project of the community should be managed and implemented by system integrators as a whole.
Third, the design ideas
To measure the success of an intelligent system in a residential area, we should not only look at the number of intelligent systems, the advanced nature or integration of the system, but also look at whether the design and configuration of the system are economical and reasonable, whether it is convenient to use, manage and maintain, and whether the system and products are mature and applicable. Therefore, the design should follow the following principles:
* People-oriented "people" is the main body of residential quarters. The system design should closely focus on the actual needs of people, take the principle of "practicality, simplicity, economy and safety", take care of the needs of users at different levels and ages, and meet the specific use function of "residence".
* Applicability Today, with the rapid development of science and technology, technologies and products that can be applied to residential quarters emerge one after another. The designed and selected systems and products should enable users to get tangible benefits and meet the needs of short-term use and long-term development. In a variety of implementation methods, choose the simplest and most economical way.
* Feasibility design is based on existing mature systems and products. At the same time, the present situation and technical development trend of the surrounding information and communication environment are considered, and the requirements of centralized management by the competent authorities are considered, so that the designed scheme is feasible.
* Advanced system design and product selection should be technologically advanced when put into use, but don't blindly pursue immature new technologies or impractical new functions to fully protect the investment of the owner.
* The reliability system should be designed with high reliability, which can ensure the accuracy, integrity and consistency of data after interruption caused by system failure or accident, and has the function of rapid recovery.
* Standardization, openness, standardization and openness are the inevitable trend of information technology development. Under the possible conditions, the products used in the design should be as standardized and open as possible, and follow the international communication protocols. As far as possible, the application software adopts commercial general software to reduce the workload of secondary opening and facilitate future use and maintenance.
* In the design of extensible system, the needs of future technology development and use should be considered, and the possibility of updating, expanding and upgrading should be considered, and the step-by-step implementation steps of the system should also be considered.
* Easy-to-use residential intelligent system is a system for all cultural levels, including the elderly and children. The configuration of the system and functions is based on the principle of providing users with convenience, quickness and comfort, and the operation should be simple and easy to learn.
Fourth, step by step implementation.
The implementation of "intelligent" system is different from the installation of mechanical and electrical equipment, and should be carried out at the same time as civil engineering, but it does not require that all systems and equipment must be in place in one step and can be implemented step by step. Now combined with engineering examples, it is introduced as follows:
1) The project will be implemented simultaneously with the civil works.
● Pipe laying of horizontal wiring subsystem in integrated wiring system; ● Pipeline laying of visual intercom system; ● Pipeline laying of indoor security system; ● Pipeline laying of three-meter automatic toll collection system; ● telephone pipeline laying; ● Cable TV pipeline laying.
2) Projects implemented before decoration after completion of civil works
● Install the trunk wiring subsystem and information socket in the integrated wiring system; ● Remaining installation works of the above subsystems; ● Install pipelines and equipment of CCTV monitoring system.
3) Projects that need to be implemented at the same time as the basement and skirt building construction in the residential area.
● The induction coil and pipeline of the parking lot automation management system are embedded; ● The patrol management system embeds indoor pipelines; ● Embedded pipeline of ●LED bulletin board system system; ● The horizontal wiring subsystem in the integrated wiring system is embedded in the pipeline in the wall (other pipelines can be laid in the ceiling during the decoration stage).
4) This project is implemented before the construction of the community square.
● Pipeline laying of all-in-one card management system; ● Outdoor pipeline of community equipment monitoring system; ● Wiring subsystem of integrated wiring system complex; ● Network pipeline of visual intercom system; ● Network pipeline of three-meter automatic toll collection system; ● Outdoor pipeline of CCTV monitoring system; ● Outdoor pipeline laying of patrol management system; ● Pipeline laying of public address system.
5) All projects implemented after the completion of civil works.
● Install information service center server, data backup and other equipment and system software; ● Installation of host equipment, computer room wiring and system software; ● Debugging of each system; ● Commissioning of each system (usually 45 days);
● Sub-system acceptance and overall acceptance.
6) Work that needs to be gradually improved after project delivery.
● Secondary development and gradual improvement of application software; ● Website establishment, update and system maintenance.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) Selection of system integrators and suppliers
1) Select a system integrator
Whether the project can be implemented smoothly according to the owner's and the design's intention is very important, so its selection must be cautious, and the system integrator is usually determined by bidding (discussion). The main indicators for measurement are as follows:
● The company has a certain scale, with well-equipped technical, management and construction personnel and good personnel quality; ● The company's performance, engineering experience, operation and commercial reputation are good; ● The performance and price of the project and products are reasonable compared with the quoted price (not winning the bid at a low price).
2) Selection of suppliers
The selection criteria of suppliers are as follows:
● The company's performance, engineering experience, operation and commercial reputation are good; ● The products have inspection reports and sales licenses from relevant industry authorities; ● Advanced product technology, openness, maturity and high cost performance; ● The products have certificates of origin, ex-factory inspection reports and normal purchase channels; ● The product is easy to use and maintain.
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