2. Ecological governance is the development of governance concept, which emphasizes that in an ecosystem, all participants participate in the governance process to safeguard their own interests and the sustainable development of the ecosystem. Ecological governance includes three parts: multiple subjects, decentralized responsibilities and mechanism cooperation.
3. Diversification of governance subjects: Almost all subjects in the ecological circle share governance power and participate in the governance process. Judging from the existing governance situation, consumers, online merchants, e-commerce platforms, third-party governance institutions, service providers, relevant government departments, scientific research institutions and the media have all become the main bodies of governance and enjoy governance power.
4. Decentralization of governance responsibilities: Diversification of governance subjects leads to decentralization of governance power and corresponding decentralization of governance responsibilities. The responsibility of governance is also scattered in platforms, consumers, online merchants, third-party governance institutions, and governments. This dispersion of responsibilities may lead to the blurring of the boundaries of governance responsibilities.
5. Cooperation of governance mechanisms: The diversification of governance subjects and the decentralization of governance power determine that governance is not a task that can be independently completed by one subject, and a close cooperation mechanism must be formed by all governance subjects, which is also called cooperation of governance mechanisms. On the one hand, the formation of this cooperation mechanism depends on the values enjoyed by all subjects. On the other hand, it is up to each subject to realize their own interests through cooperation.