With the rapid development of China's economy, the demand for water conservancy project construction is increasing, and the requirements for its cost control are becoming more and more strict. Do a good job in the control and management of water conservancy project cost, realize the optimal allocation of water conservancy project construction resources, and get the maximum benefit with the least investment.
First, the meaning of cost control
Cost control is the primary task of construction enterprises. Only by controlling the cost can we realize the profit. The project cost is included in the contract, which consists of two parts, the most important of which is the construction cost, followed by the management cost. Construction cost management is particularly important in cost control. A little mismanagement and waste will easily lead to out-of-control costs and increase costs. This is the period when the site cost occurs the most, usually accounting for two-thirds of the total cost. Controlling construction cost through scientific management is the main measure for enterprises. Through cost control, the actual cost of labor, materials and construction machinery can be controlled, so as to save resources, reduce consumption and increase efficiency and reduce construction cost. At the same time, cost control also provides a basis for enterprises to bid and make decisions.
Second, the analysis of water conservancy project cost control measures
1. Site management is the key to cost control. Strengthen the whole process control of the construction process and enhance the economic awareness of the construction technical management personnel. Before the project starts, strengthen the economic awareness education and economic theory study of construction management technicians, and establish the management idea of "starting with technology and ending with economy". Site management technicians must have a comprehensive understanding of the construction site, construction, technology and economy, and strengthen control in the following aspects.
(1) Reasonably arrange the working face on the construction site and strengthen investment control. The layout of the construction site is generally arranged reasonably according to the engineering characteristics and site conditions on the premise of cooperating with the construction. In the construction organization design, whether the construction layout is reasonable is not only related to the smooth progress of the construction, but also an important factor affecting the construction cost. Reasonable optimization of the construction layout can reduce the secondary handling capacity on the construction site or shorten the construction distance and reduce the project cost. For example, the steel bar processing plant can be set within the rotating radius of the tower crane, which reduces manual handling of steel bars and improves work efficiency; Determine a reasonable earthwork excavation and transportation scheme, do a good job in earthwork balance planning, reasonably arrange temporary spoil ground, reduce earthwork dumping, shorten transportation distance and greatly reduce costs; Controlling the stacking of materials and components in designated places to avoid or reduce secondary handling can not only save manpower, but also reduce the loss of materials and components in handling; Make arrangements for site drainage, reduce site water accumulation, and prevent cement from being affected with damp and deterioration. , are ways to reduce costs.
(2) Safety production management on the construction site, to protect personal safety and equipment safety on the construction site, and to reduce and avoid unnecessary losses. To achieve this goal, we must emphasize management according to the prescribed standards, and no slight negligence is allowed. Otherwise it will cause incalculable losses. If you don't follow the on-site safety operation rules, it will not only damage the mechanical and electrical equipment, but also easily lead to industrial accidents and even fatal accidents, which will affect the normal construction, not only causing personal pain, but also paying considerable medical expenses or pensions for the project, and sometimes causing shutdown losses; Ignoring the fire control work and the inspection of fire control facilities, once a fire accident occurs, the consequences are unimaginable. Things like this are not conducive to the project cost. In the process of construction, we must start with the site safety management, formulate the construction site safety management scheme and safety management measures in the construction organization design, and do a good job in prevention to minimize the possible economic losses.
2. Strengthen quality management and control quality cost. Quality cost refers to the sum of all expenses incurred by the project to ensure and improve the product quality and the losses incurred due to the failure to meet the quality standards. Quality cost includes control cost and failure cost. The higher the project quality, the lower the failure cost. Compiling scientific construction organization design, choosing reasonable construction scheme, taking effective quality control measures, actively controlling construction quality, reducing rework and waste, and preventing common quality defects are effective ways to reduce engineering quality cost.
(1) Strengthen construction process control. The construction process is a necessary factor to form the construction quality. In order to change the post-inspection of project quality into pre-control and achieve the purpose of "prevention first", it is necessary to strengthen the quality control of construction process. The control of process quality should adopt mathematical statistics method, and judge whether the quality of the whole process is stable and normal by counting and analyzing some inspection data of the process. The steps are: actual measurement-analysis-judgment. In order to do a good job of quality control in advance more effectively, we must first strictly abide by the technological process, which is the basis and regulation of construction operation and the premise of ensuring the quality of the process, and any operator should strictly implement it. The second is to control the quality of process activity conditions. The main activity conditions are construction operators, materials, construction machinery, construction methods and construction environment. Only by effectively controlling them and making them in a controlled state can we ensure the normal and stable quality of each working procedure.
(2) Strengthen quality management, implement the responsibility system on the construction site, and organize the labor force reasonably and scientifically according to the quality plan and objectives. Strictly carry out the blue prints.the design, understand the design intent, master the technical operation quality standards, and formulate construction work instructions for key parts to ensure the quality of engineering products. Strictly control the quality, check the quality of raw materials and stop using unqualified materials. According to the requirements of the plan specification, organize the inspection of project quality, and participate in the inspection visa and quality grade verification of concealed works. Do a good job in the inspection, supervision and quality acceptance of all units, disciplines and concealed works of the whole project, so as to find problems in time and solve them in time, leaving no or less hidden dangers.
3. Popularize and apply new products, new processes and new technologies to reduce investment and cost. In the construction of water conservancy projects, the application of new products, new processes and new technologies is one of the effective ways to reduce construction investment and production costs. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the strength of professional technicians such as project construction technology, test, quality inspection, machinery preparation and distribution, implement technical research, make bold attempts, actively promote technological innovation, incorporate the popularization and application of new products, new processes and new technologies, small creations and inventions into the unit reward sequence, and encourage technological transformation and application of new processes and new products.
4. Engineering claim is an important aspect of cost control. At present, the competition in the bidding market of construction projects is becoming increasingly fierce, and the bidding decision is faced with complex projects to be built. There are many unpredictable and uncontrollable factors, and it is inevitable to win the bid at a low price. In addition to adopting modern management methods, engineering claim is also an important aspect of cost control of low-priced winning projects. When making a claim, a claim team composed of people who are familiar with the contract and know how to manage should be set up to deal with the claim clauses clearly stipulated in the contract. In the process of construction, pay attention to the perfection of original records and supervision visa procedures, collect and sort out all kinds of information related to the claim project in detail, and sort out and submit formal claim documents within the prescribed time limit; Sort out the key points of claims, increase the intensity of claims, change ideas, pay attention to strategies, and do a good job in communication and consultation.
5. Project transformation and demolition stage. The waste cost at this stage mainly refers to the capital expenditure such as waste treatment, recycling and ecological destruction costs generated in the process of demolition and new construction after the service life of water conservancy projects expires. The abandonment of general projects will cause great damage to resources and environment, and the subsequent expenditure cost is high, and the control of abandonment cost just constitutes an important organic part of the cost of water conservancy projects. Controlling the project cost at this stage is not only a favorable opportunity to recover the investment cost and reduce the total project cost, but also a scientific saving of social benefits such as ecological environment. Pay attention to the work of "recovering the input cost compensation" in the renovation and demolition, and create a good development platform for the cost control of water conservancy projects. On the one hand, it ensures the normal and smooth construction, on the other hand, it effectively curbs and prevents investment waste.
Therefore, it is an important principle to control the cost to improve the project management level, implement management in a scientific and standardized manner, implement management in strict accordance with the contract construction cost, and grasp the proportion of construction cost and expenditure. Scientifically formulate and compile enterprise quotas, strictly control material management, and keep original records of construction materials to achieve the purpose of effectively controlling construction costs.
References:
Zeng Yun Sheng. Research on cost control and management methods of water conservancy projects [J]. Shanxi Architecture, 20 10(4).
[2] Ma Kaijun. Research on cost management and cost control of water conservancy projects [J]. Manager, 20 1 1(6).
[3] Zhou Hongming. Discussion on cost control of water conservancy projects [J]. Science and technology wind, 20 10( 10).
[4] Zhou Jun. Analysis of the role of construction economy in water conservancy projects [J]. Enterprise research.2010,2l (24):115-15.
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