The magnetic separator is used to remove iron powder from the recovered powder particles. Magnetic separators are widely used in resource recovery, wood industry, mining industry, kiln industry, chemistry, food and other workshops. Suitable for wet magnetic separation of magnetite, pyrrhotite, roasted ore, ilmenite and other materials with particle size less than 3mm, and also for iron removal of coal, non-metallic minerals, building materials and other materials. They are one of the most widely used and versatile machines in industry.
structure
Wet permanent magnet drum magnetic separator is mainly composed of six parts: cylinder, drum, brush roller, magnetic system, tank and transmission part. The cylinder is welded by 2-3mm stainless steel plate, and the end cover is cast aluminum or workpiece, which is connected with the cylinder by stainless steel screws. The motor drives the roller, the magnetic roller and the brush roller to rotate through the reducer or directly through the stepless speed regulating motor. The magnetic system is an open magnetic system, which is installed in a cylinder and completely exposed. The magnetic block is installed on the bottom plate of the yoke with stainless steel bolts. The shaft of the yoke extends out of the cylinder, and a crank arm is fixed at the shaft end. The deflection angle of the magnetic system can be adjusted by pulling the crank arm, and can be fixed by the pull rod after proper adjustment. The tank work area is made of stainless steel plate, and the tank frame and other parts are welded with ordinary steel.
fundamental principle
After the pulp flows into the tank through the ore feeding box, the ore particles enter the feeding area of the tank in a loose state under the action of the water flow from the ore feeding nozzle. Under the action of magnetic field, magnetic particles are magnetically aggregated to form "magnetic clusters" or "magnetic chains", which are magnetically acted in the pulp, move to the magnetic pole and are adsorbed on the cylinder. Because the polarities of the magnetic poles are alternately arranged along the rotating direction of the drum, they are fixed when working. When the magnetic cluster or magnetic linkage rotates with the drum, magnetic stirring occurs due to the alternating magnetic poles, and non-magnetic minerals such as gangue mixed in the magnetic cluster or magnetic linkage fall off during the rotation, and finally the magnetic cluster or magnetic lotus is the concentrate. The concentrate moves with the drum to the place with the weakest magnetic force at the edge of the magnetic system, and is discharged into the concentrate tank under the action of the washing water jet of the ore outlet pipe. If it is a full magnetic roller, the ore is discharged by the brush roller. Non-magnetic or weakly magnetic minerals remain in the pulp and are discharged out of the tank with the pulp, which is tailings.
operational approach
1. Before the magnetic separator works, it is necessary to comprehensively check whether the operating mechanism of each part is normal, wipe the rocker arm guide rail with fine cotton yarn and inject oil according to the brand of lubricating oil. 2. The rocker arm and spindle box of the magnetic separator can only be operated after being locked. 3. There should be no obstacles in the swing range of the rocker arm of the magnetic separator. 4. Before the magnetic separator opens the pulverizer, the workbench, workpiece, fixture and cutter of the magnetic separator must be aligned and fastened. 5. The magnetic separator should correctly select the spindle speed and feed speed, and shall not be overloaded. 6. When drilling outside the workbench, the workpiece must be stable. 7. When the magnetic separation machine tool is running and automatically feeding, it is not allowed to change the fastening speed. If you change the speed, you can only do it when the spindle stops completely. 8. The magnetic separator should load and unload tools and measure workpieces, which must be carried out when the machine is stopped. It is not allowed to drill the workpiece directly by hand and operate without gloves. 9. If abnormal noise is found in the work of magnetic separator, it must be stopped immediately for inspection and troubleshooting.
kind
There are many kinds of magnetic separators, which can be divided into dry disc magnetic separators, flat ring magnetic separators, SHP wet magnetic separators and vertical ring wet magnetic separators.
Dry high-intensity magnetic separator Dry magnetic separator is a common equipment for iron ore and manganese ore, and it is also the mainstream high-intensity magnetic separator. It is divided into: one drum and three rollers dry high-intensity magnetic separator, two drums and two rollers dry magnetic separator and one drum and one roller dry magnetic separator; Dry high-intensity magnetic disk magnetic separators are widely used for the re-concentration of weak magnetic minerals and rare metal ores smaller than 2-3mm. It has three types: single disc (diameter φ=900 mm), double disc (φ=576 mm) and three discs (φ=600 mm). The magnetic field intensity can reach 880- 1440 kA/m ... and φ576mm double disks are widely used. The main part of the magnetic separator consists of a "mountain" electromagnet and a rotatable suspension induction disk. The disc is like a plate with sharp teeth, the diameter of which is about half the width of the feed belt. The disc is driven by worm and worm wheel, and the polar distance between the disc and electromagnet can be adjusted by handwheel (the adjustment range is 0-20 mm). In order to prevent clogging, a weak magnetic pole is installed in the feed barrel, which can discharge the strong magnetic minerals in the feed in advance.
The structural characteristics of the flat ring high-intensity magnetic separator are that the ring chain closes the magnetic circuit, the copper tube winds the coil, the low-voltage and high-current excitation, the water cooling and the toothed plate are used as the separation medium. The machine consists of ore feeding device, concentrate and middling washing device, separation rotating ring, magnetic system, ore receiving device, transmission device and DC power supply. The magnetic system has a novel structure. It consists of inner and outer concentric annular magnetic moments, radial iron cores and coils. The spindle is located in the center of the annular closed magnetic circuit, and no magnetic lines pass through it. The coils are made of 22× 15× 2mm square copper tubes, with 33 turns for each outer core coil and 66 turns for the inner core coil, close to the pole head. The coil is cooled in water with good cooling effect, low cost and no noise.
SHP wet high-intensity magnetic separator SHP wet high-intensity magnetic separator, also known as double-disk high-intensity magnetic separator, is a trial-produced magnetic separation equipment based on the relevant data of Jones high-intensity magnetic separator abroad. The two upper U-shaped yokes are installed on the steel frame, and the horizontal parts of the yokes are sheathed with excitation coils, which are forcibly cooled by an axial fan. The upper and lower sorting disks are installed on the vertical central axis, and the disks rotate between two opposite magnetic poles. The magnetic poles of the U-shaped yoke and the upper and lower sorting disks form a large closed magnetic circuit, and the upper and lower sorting disks are the main circuits in the magnetic circuit. There are 17 sorting cavities on the periphery of the disc, and multiple layers of magnetic toothed plates are installed in the cavities, which become induction poles. The disc is provided with a mine collecting pipe, a mine receiving groove is arranged below the disc, and a feed nozzle is arranged at the corresponding part of the mine collecting pipe.
Vertical ring wet high-intensity magnetic separator φ800 mm vertical ring wet high-intensity magnetic separator is mainly composed of metal rings. The ring rotates vertically between two magnetic poles, and the lower part passes through the magnetic field. Pulp is fed into the ring by the feeder at the lower part of the ring through the circular sieve grate in the ring. Weakly magnetic ore particles are attached to the surface of the dielectric ring, and are lifted to the top by weak magnetic field strength with the rotation of the dielectric ring, and washed into the concentrate tank by high-pressure water. Non-magnetic mineral particles flow into tailings pond through the gap of dielectric ball because they are not affected by magnetic force. The main advantage of vertical ring wet strong magnetic separator is that it overcomes the shortcoming that horizontal ring (flat ring) magnetic separator is easy to block. This is because the medium rolls in the ring with the rotation of the ring, which destroys the directional arrangement formed by the magnetization of the medium and plays a degaussing role, thus improving the blocking phenomenon. The test of magnetic separator shows that good separation indexes can be obtained for fine-grained weak magnetic minerals with specific magnetization coefficient greater than 15× 10-6cm3/g, such as hematite, siderite, ilmenite, chromite, wolframite, tantalite, manganese ore, garnet, cockscomb and hornblende.
Fault analysis
(1) The motor of the magnetic separator is overheated and the sound is abnormal. Reasons for overheating and abnormal noise of the magnetic separator motor: 1) Poor lubrication or serious bearing wear; 2) The fan blades fall off or wear; 3) Switch circuit connection. Poor contact, or single-phase disconnection; 4) The voltage is too low. (2) The operation noise of the magnetic separator is abnormal, the cylinder is stuck by obstacles, even the cylinder cannot rotate, and the bottom box vibrates. The reason is often that it is stuck by the object in the bottom box, and then the magnetic block falls off, which makes the cylinder make abnormal noise, and in serious cases, it will cut the cylinder skin. At this point, you should stop for maintenance and troubleshooting. (3) The causes of overheating of the reducer are: 1) insufficient oil or poor oil quality; 2) Excessive wear or poor meshing of gears and worms; 3) Poor lubrication or serious wear of bearings. (4) The magnetic field intensity of the magnetic separator is weak, because: 1) the temperature is too high; 2) sun exposure; 3) Acid and alkali corrosion. It can be measured with a gauss meter. The magnetic separator consists of a frame, a lower magnetic system, a rotating cage, an upper magnetic system, a hollow shaft, a concentrate tank and a transmission device. The elevation and levelness of the installation base are measured based on the hollow bearing seat. The positioning of the lower magnetic system is based on the frame. The gap adjustment between the rotating cage and the upper and lower magnetic systems must be accurate, and the gap limit deviation is 0+1mm. ..
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