Simple and easy-to-use nine-grid composition method
When taking pictures and composing, the horizontal and vertical directions of the picture are divided into three parts, and the intersection of lines is called the center of interest. When observing a photo, the eyes will be attracted to the interesting center first, so try to arrange the main things near the interesting center when taking pictures. Of course, when using the trisection method, you can also put the scenery on the golden section line, which will be more beautiful from the visual point of view, such as buildings or the horizon. The photos taken in this way are beautiful and will not be abrupt, which can improve the visual effect of the pictures in essence.
How to make the picture active, apart from color, only work hard on composition, so there are many kinds of composition, of which the most used is the nine-square grid composition. Speaking of Jiugongge, experienced photographers may know it, in fact, beginners also know it, but it is also called "TIC-tac-toe composition". Why is this composition widely known? Because its usage rate is too high, and the subject matter is not limited, people, documentaries, landscapes and other subjects are suitable, and the most important thing is simple and easy to understand.
In actual shooting, we can intuitively divide the screen into left, right, upper and lower sides and divide them into three equal parts, and then connect these corresponding points with straight lines to form a tic-tac-toe. The screen area is divided into nine equal squares, which is commonly known as "nine squares".
Jiugongge puts characters in the left third or right third of the picture. When shooting, we should take the environment and the characters as a whole, and choose the position of the characters with the changes of their movements.
Simply put, it is to put the subject on four points (or lines) and divide the picture into three parts. Don't let the subject be in the middle, which will meet everyone's aesthetic requirements. Note that in composition practice, we should constantly pursue novel composition forms according to the needs of expressing content, and we should not copy them mechanically, which is completely limited by them.
In addition, the nine-square grid is also conducive to confirming one-third of the horizon or referring to the camera viewfinder and display screen to confirm whether buildings and lines are straight, thus reducing our later workload.
Photography skills:
1. Learn to shoot the effect like a little model.
We can get the small model effect in two ways: one is to use professional shift lens, and the other is to use post-production software such as Photoshop.
Axis-shifting lens can move some components, so that some parts of the photo are completely within the depth of field, while other parts have fuzzy shallow depth of field; Shift-axis lens can correct the deformation of wide-angle lens, which is powerful. But shift lens has a fatal weakness for us, which is expensive.
Wide-angle axis-shifting mirror costs more than 10 thousand at a time, but normal players don't have many opportunities to use it.
Therefore, the second method to get the effect of a small model is used by more people. Through Photoshop and other post-software, we can easily turn the scenery shot from a height into a small model, which is very easy.
2. Learn to take "illusion photos"
At first glance, it may seem natural to see a "forced perspective", but in fact, it has been carefully revised and tried when shooting. In fact, it is not too complicated to take this kind of photo, as long as you carefully overlap the characters with the foreground (or background) when taking a view to create a visual illusion.
When setting the camera, you can use a smaller aperture to keep the foreground and background within the depth of field as much as possible, but you also need to be careful with the "safety shutter" to avoid blurring the photos. Remember to upgrade ISO if necessary.
Wide-angle lens can make the sense of space stronger, which is very suitable for shooting the side closer to the camera than the background; A telephoto lens can compress the distance between the background and the foreground, making the foreground and the background more realistic.
3. Learn to take long-exposure landscape photos.
Long exposure photos have become very common in modern photography. Usually a photo will be exposed for 30 seconds or even a few minutes, which can make moving objects (such as clouds and running water) become psychedelic and blurred, or even disappear. It is often used to photograph the coast and crowded places.
It is easy to open the shutter when exposed for a long time at night, but using a slow shutter in broad daylight will overexpose the photo, so we need to wear a "ND-reducing mirror". The brightness of the ND filter ranges from level 3 to 10. The darker the filter, the more light is reduced, so you can't even see what's in the camera for composition.
In addition to the ND filter, taking long exposure photos requires a stable tripod, and it is best to use cable release, so as to ensure that the camera will not shake and the photos taken will be blurred. Sometimes it is necessary to cover the optical observer to prevent the light from entering from the rear when exposed for a long time and affect the imaging.
In addition to taking long exposure photos in color, turning the work into black and white can also increase the artistic sense.
4. Learn to take infrared photos (and later skills)
Infrared photos can add a fantastic color to ordinary landscape photos, as if entering another world. To take infrared photos, you can modify the old camera to take infrared photos, which is the best.
If you don't have a spare camera or don't want to spend money to modify it, you can consider installing an "infrared filter" to allow only one band of infrared rays to enter the camera, and then do it in the middle and later stages of Photoshop, but you must shoot in broad daylight and with sufficient light, and you need to use a tripod to assist.
Jiugongge Photography Skills 1 1) Looking for a moving subject
The first step in composition is to find a moving object to shoot. Instead of simply picking up the camera and pressing the shutter, ask yourself before pressing the shutter, what attracts you? Is it a color? Lines? Light and shadow or modeling? After determining the theme, the next step is how to express it. Then we will get closer to her. Usually the subject must occupy a certain proportion in the picture to attract attention, that is, the subject stands out. If the subject is too small, it can't be a subject. If we use a digital camera, we need to press the macro function key to ensure accurate focusing.
2) Highlight the main body
Highlighting the theme is also the main purpose of photographic composition. Every photographic work has a theme or an interesting center. So how to make this interesting center more attractive? We can emphasize and highlight the subject, abandon something irrelevant to the center of interest, and arrange something to set off the center of interest properly, so that the picture is more attractive and the viewer can know at a glance what this photo wants to show. All this is achieved through composition. Conveying the photographer's thoughts and feelings is also the purpose of photographic composition. We often hear a word called "visual language". Visual language, like the language we speak, is designed to convey information. In photography, the purpose of using visual language is to make people understand what this photo is saying and what kind of thoughts it wants to express. This purpose also depends on composition.
The most common mistake beginners make is to put the subject in the middle of the picture. Indeed, the subject in the middle is the easiest to attract people's attention, but a good photo should be able to guide readers' eyes to other places after attracting them. If you put an attractive subject in the middle, it is easy to focus only on that object and make the picture dull. At the same time, try not to leave extra things on the screen, which will appear chaotic, loose in composition and lack of beauty. The composition of photography pays attention to simplification, which is often called "subtraction".
Photo tips
The big scene depends on running frequently and watching the weather before going to bed:
Every excellent landscape photography is obtained through hard work, tireless long journey and the baptism of rain, snow and hail in spring, summer, autumn and winter. Good will and laziness will never produce a good landscape photography. The weather is the most sensitive issue for photographers, so it is most important to master the weather the next day, especially to pay attention to the morning and evening of the next day.
There is no good light at noon, but good light at dusk;
The direct glare at noon is the most taboo in landscape photography, which generally refers to after 10 every morning and before 3 pm (depending on the time difference in different areas), because the light is too hard, the picture is too dry and there is no sense of hierarchy. The best shooting time for landscape photography is every morning and one night. Because of the low color temperature and soft light, in the case of insufficient sunshine, all kinds of scenery are distinct and colorful.
Wonders emphasize the atmosphere, but rain and fog don't pass;
Under the special conditions of the weather and the background of special scenes, unexpected wonders can often be shot, which is very shocking. Of course, it all depends on your luck. Rainy and foggy days do not necessarily produce good works. Sometimes in some scenes, the rain and fog in the sky can create a special artistic conception and a fabulous picture, which is beautiful.
Take a camera when it rains, and it will clear up in the evening;
You may not be able to take a camera in rainy days, especially in thunderstorm weather, where unexpected good light often appears and good works with very strong atmosphere are often taken. It is worth noting that you should first protect your camera from being wet by rain. If you can survive the rain at night, it is your happiest time. There will be a reflection on the ground just after the rain, and it is very transparent, which is most suitable for shooting night scenes. Be sure to master the shooting time, because the best shooting time for night scenes is 20 minutes at most.
Outsole plus slow film, tripod cable release:
General landscape photography uses a small aperture and a large depth of field. Because a small aperture is used, the luminous flux is also reduced, so the shutter speed is relatively slow. Tripod and pay-off are necessary equipment for landscape photography, and it is basically impossible to operate by hand, especially for photographic works with large scenes, large sizes and high quality requirements.
Zoom is easy to shine, try to use fixed focus:
Zoom Yi Yaoguang's zoom lens generally refers to some low-grade and low-priced lenses. Now some newly developed, produced and sold brands, original high-quality zoom lenses and lenses with ed lenses have basically avoided this problem. As the saying goes, "there is no weakness in fixed focus." In some specific viewing angles and specific scenes, of course, the fixed-focus lens is preferred, and the picture details are much better than the zoom lens. However, due to the inconvenience of shooting and using, the restriction of various scene changes is too serious, so it is not as flexible as zoom lens.
Gray in landscape investigation should be reduced with white and black;
How to measure light and how to expose it is one of the most important operations in landscape photography. The exposure compensation function of digital camera must be used and adjusted at any time according to the actual scene needs. The so-called "white plus black to be reduced" refers to how to control the performance of black and white fields, such as shooting white snow, which requires exposure compensation, gray without adding it, exposure compensation for shooting night scenes, bright without reducing it, and so on.
Wide-angle emphasis on theme, telephoto compression scene:
Shooting with wide-angle lens is one of the most common choices in landscape photography, especially shooting some large scenes, which can make the picture look broad but informal. It is not enough to shoot some scenes with wide-angle lens, and they are often synthesized in the form of tab. The characteristics of telephoto lens have a certain compression effect on the scene, which is just the opposite of wide-angle lens, especially suitable for shooting long-distance and local close-ups. Such as the performance of a particular scene.
Small aperture depth of field, fully open paste background:
Small aperture and large depth of field will have a large focus range, which can play a role in large scene clarity and detail expression. The large aperture scene is shallow and the focus range is small, which can highlight the theme and blur the background. But the practical application of depth of field depends on the focal length and distance of the lens. The longer the focal length, the larger the aperture, the shallower the depth of field, and the shorter the focal length, the smaller the aperture and the greater the depth of field. At the same time, the length of camera distance also has a great relationship with the control of depth of field.
Jiugongge Photo Skills 2 1. You can start the camera without unlocking it.
At present, the iPhone has placed a "camera" schema in the lower right corner of the lock screen. Click this position, pull up the screen and start the camera immediately. Next time you catch a wonderful moment, use this technique!
2. Press and hold the photo button to shoot quickly and continuously.
When you want to continuous shooting, you don't need to start any settings, just press and hold the photo (shutter) button to continuous shooting. Continuous shooting, continuous shooting number will appear on the shutter button for reference. It is very useful when shooting children, small animals or other fast-moving people or objects. Each series of photos will be saved together, and users can choose the best one you want to save afterwards. Follow the above points, and long press the volume button to start the continuous shooting function.
3. The volume key and headphone cable can be used as shutter keys.
Previously, the jailbreak function turned the volume button into a shutter button, which was adopted by Apple and has been built into the iPhone. If it is inconvenient to press the shutter button on the screen while holding the iPhone, you can press the volume button (volume/volume-you can press both). In addition, because the headphones are plugged in, the volume can be controlled by wire control. At this time, if you start the camera, you can use the headphone cable to release it, which is very easy to use!
The left side of the picture shows that the camera can be started quickly by locking the lower right corner of the desktop; On the right is a picture of continuous shooting.
4. Adjust the focus and exposure point
When shooting with iPhone, you can select this place as the focus by touching the screen. In an iPhone camera, the focus is the metering point. However, at present, you can adjust the exposure by adjusting the bar next to the focus, which is more free.
5. Lock the focus and exposure point
When recording, if you want to keep the focus in the correct state and the metering will not change, you can press the focus of the screen for a long time, and then a prompt of "Auto Exposure/Auto Focus Lock" will appear on the screen, which is a very useful function when recording.
Click on the screen on the left to see the focus frame and the function of adjusting exposure; On the right is the autofocus/exposure lock function, which will be activated by long pressing the screen.
6. Panoramic mode can easily change the shooting direction.
IPhone can easily take panoramic pictures and merge them into a long picture. But do you think you can only shoot from left to right? This is not right. You only need to tap the panoramic shooting indicator twice, and the shooting direction indicator arrow will flip 180 degrees, allowing you to shoot from right to left.
The left and right pictures show that the panoramic shooting direction can be adjusted, just click the direction indicator arrow twice quickly.
7.HDR mode can save space without storing ordinary photos.
If you often turn on HDR mode, you may find that iPhone automatically stores normal photos and HDR mode photos when organizing photos. If your iPhone has a small capacity and doesn't have much time to organize photos, you can click Settings >; Photos and cameras, it will be easier to turn off the "Keep normal photos" option and then organize photos.
8. Start the power grid
At the same setting position of the seventh point, the user can choose to start the "Grid" function. After that, the camera will have a virtual grid line of nine palaces, which will be very helpful for shooting composition. This is an important auxiliary function for people who have just started to learn photography. And you don't have to worry, the auxiliary line won't appear in the final photo.
The figure on the left shows the HDR setting function; On the right is the camera screen after the grid is started. These two functions can be selected in different states through iPhone settings.
IPhone 6S will be equipped with an unlimited number of 6.5438+0.2 million pixel cameras, and the front lens is reportedly upgraded to 5 million pixel level (the main camera of iPhone 6 is 8 million pixels, and the front lens is 6.5438+0.2 million pixels). On the basis of the previous Apple camera software tuning, the photo effect of the iPhone 6S with higher pixels is worth looking forward to. Use the above method to upgrade your iPhone shooting power!