First, the problems of civil engineering cost
1 Not paying enough attention to engineering design.
For the cost of civil engineering, the emphasis is generally placed on the late construction stage and the final settlement stage, and the cost of the early design stage of the project is paid less attention to or even ignored, so it is inevitable that the investment exceeds the limit. Even some civil engineering projects cost far beyond the planned scope after completion, thus forming projects with poor benefits. Pre-control and control are neglected in the early stage of the project, but the key points of cost are determined in the actual construction stage of the project, which forms a situation of ignoring the implementation of decision-making, paying attention to technology and seeing clearly the economy, and then settling accounts after construction.
2. There is a serious shortage of engineering cost technical personnel.
The lack of civil engineering cost professionals is an important problem, especially the lack of high-quality cost technology professionals. In the civil engineering cost industry, among those who have obtained the technical qualification of cost, there are few people with practical work experience and outstanding work ability, and their comprehensive quality is generally low. In addition, the phenomenon of "working without a license" still exists in the civil engineering cost industry. Most of the work depends on the instructions of the subjective will of the leaders, and the service scope is small. At present, the investment is increasingly diversified, and the civil engineering cost industry urgently needs more cost engineers with higher qualifications and comprehensive quality, so that the engineering investment has a more scientific basis.
3 there is no mature industry consulting unit
In our country, the strength of engineering cost consulting units is generally weak, and the company scale is small, the technical ability related to cost is low, and it is also constrained by the competent authorities; On the one hand, the personnel engaged in cost consultation have poor foundation and low professional quality, and they use machinery to make a single project budget at work, and are not familiar with the actual needs of the industry in the market; On the other hand, the market management system of cost consulting industry has not been standardized, and even monopoly and blockade have appeared, let alone fair competition. Moreover, China's engineering cost consulting services are far from the international top in terms of norms and system construction.
Second, the principle of civil engineering cost control and management
The most prominent feature of civil engineering is the long period, but the long construction period is more susceptible to external factors, so it is difficult to determine the correct civil engineering cost at the beginning of the project. After construction, with the deepening of the project progress, the overall situation of the project will be easy to understand and master, which will further rationalize the project cost.
Construction stages 1 pricing.
In the whole process of civil engineering construction, according to the different characteristics of different stages, each stage is analyzed and priced many times. Civil engineering projects consume a lot of manpower, material resources and financial resources because of their large scale, long cycle and great technical difficulty. Therefore, the economic benefits brought by the successful commissioning of the project should be considered before the construction cost. If the decision-making is wrong, the economic losses caused are irreparable. So it is very necessary to determine a reasonable cost. Reasonable and accurate cost can be determined for different stages of civil engineering according to construction procedures to reflect the rationality of cost.
2. Establish and improve the supervision cost management system.
Every project needs the restraint and guarantee of the system, so does the cost management of civil engineering. In the project stage, the process supervision and cost management system (including cost supervision) should be established and improved. It is understood that civil engineering projects that implement supervision and cost management system in the implementation stage of engineering construction have achieved particularly good economic and social benefits. Therefore, it is very necessary to implement supervision and cost management system in the whole process of civil engineering projects.
Third, the solutions to the problems existing in civil engineering cost
1 Implement cost control management for the whole process of the project.
(1) Each stage of civil engineering has certain influence on cost management. For example, the project decision in the decision-making stage determines the project cost, and the economic decision at all technical levels also affects the cost of civil engineering projects. In addition, the determination of project construction standards and the selection of site, technology and equipment directly affect the cost of civil engineering. Therefore, making a good project decision is the premise of controlling the cost of civil engineering. (2) Do well the project cost control and management in the design stage of civil engineering. Bidding or campaign design scheme, and then effectively control the cost of civil engineering. (3) In order to improve the quality of engineering construction, control the project cost, and make it better play the investment benefit, it is necessary to strengthen the management and supervision functions of civil engineering in the project implementation stage (that is, the formation stage of building entities), so as to effectively control the project cost.
2. Strengthen the civil engineering cost information work.
Now, the quality of information published in publications has been significantly improved, and the published information will be thoroughly investigated. The information released by civil engineering also needs to be investigated, then comprehensively determined and finally released. The accuracy and timeliness of material prices have been improved. The cost management of civil engineering gradually realizes the separation of quantity and price, changes the guiding price into the market price, changes the original compulsory supervision and charging of government departments into guiding nature, and prices the project through market competition after the independent quotation of enterprises. Therefore, reasonable use of market information, collection of sufficient information and reasonable determination of material prices can also make the cost management of civil engineering more in line with market rules.
3. Strengthen bidding management.
Strengthen the management of pre-tender estimate. The pre-tender estimate in bidding, as the predicted value of the cost involved in the whole project operation, is the key to winning the bid and the focus of bidding work. The contents of the pre-tender estimate need to be kept absolutely confidential, and its accuracy with the pre-tender estimate will directly affect the success or failure of the bidding work. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the bidding quality. The following methods can be adopted to improve the bidding quality: confirm the accuracy of the pre-tender estimate and minimize its role in bid evaluation; Improve the fairness and scientificity of bidding; The contents of the provided bill of quantities must be calculated in strict accordance with the unified calculation rules of quantities stipulated by the market, and the consumption quota is based on the enterprise quota and the market price of civil engineering cost, and the bidding strategy is formulated and the independent quotation is implemented; In order to truly participate in the market competition, standardize the bidding behavior in the cost, make the civil engineering cost conform to the separation of quantity and price, and finally reduce the engineering cost, it is necessary to implement the bid evaluation strategy of winning the bid at a reasonable low price within the specification.
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