However, turning over serfs and singing, everyone has a high enthusiasm for socialist construction. Some cadres in party member take the lead in working six days a week and work overtime without complaint. Everyone followed the party and naturally formed the initial six-day working system.
As there is only one day off in a week, office workers pile up housework on Sunday-changing gas, washing clothes, shopping and so on. So there was a popular saying at that time: "Fighting Sunday, Tired Monday".
The first person who wanted to break this situation was Comrade Hu Ping, who was then the director of the China Research Center for Science and Technology for Development of the State Science and Technology Commission.
Hu Ping has been working in the Policy Research Office of the State Science and Technology Commission since 1979. He often goes abroad because of his work. He found that many developed countries in Europe and America, even some underdeveloped countries, only work five days a week, while the United Nations works four and a half days a week, eight hours a day.
He was surprised to find that more than 65,438+000 countries in the world practiced the fifth day, including 28 of the 44 poorest countries in the world.
So, in 1986, he asked: Can the working hours be shortened?
At that time, there were both support and opposition. Needless to say, support opinions are in line with the world; The reason for the opposition is that China has its own national conditions: China is in a period of low production efficiency and needs large-scale construction. It can't be finished in seven days, and there are still five days left!
Since there is a difference, let's study it first. So 1986 was formally established in May. The research group conducted a sample survey throughout the country and made a statistical analysis of the survey data. In addition, a dozen cities were analyzed and a survey of social intentions was conducted.
1988, the investigation team submitted 1 overall report and 2 1 sub-report to the leaders. The report comprehensively and accurately demonstrated the feasibility of implementing the fifth day in China.
Several reasons put forward by the investigation team are worthy of attention:
First, although I work six days a week, I actually only start working 40%~60% of the time. Why don't I work at other times? Because either the work is finished and you wait there, or you can't start work without raw materials ... In fact, compared with the workload of the factory, the working hours of employees are quite spare-it is better to spend water and electricity in the factory when you go home.
Second, having a holiday on Saturday can stimulate consumption and promote economic development, which is good for tourism, service industry and entertainment industry. After all, it is an irrefutable truth that people spend money when they are free.
Third, the poll shows that between "increasing wages by one day a week" and "not increasing wages by one day for rest", more than 80% people choose the latter. It can be seen that the fifth day of implementation is the will of the people!
1988, after the report was submitted to the State Council, the State Council was very interested and impressed, and was prepared to reply on another day. However, 1989 was temporarily suppressed due to changes in the domestic and international situation.
1994, finally ushered in its incomplete version on the fifth day.
Why is it an "incomplete version"? Because it only happens once every two weeks for five days.
1February 3, 994, Article 3 of the Regulations of the State Council on Working Hours of Employees stipulates: "Employees work 8 hours a day and 44 hours a week." This is the weekly big and small break (single and double break).
The Labor Law, which came into effect in June 1 995+1October1,also confirmed this point. Lawmakers believe that people may not adapt to changing from six days to five days at once. Start with a 75.5-day transition period to avoid happiness coming too suddenly.
On March 25th 1995, the State Council's Proposal on Amending the Decision amended Article 3 to read: "Laborers work 8 hours a day and 40 hours a week."
Since then, the fifth day was formally established.