According to its original function, the balcony is not for heat preservation, but a viewing platform or storage room, so the walls are generally thin and the heat preservation performance is poor. The balcony is generally separated from the indoor space by a door. Many people remove this door in order to make the indoor space look spacious. The renovation of old houses often faces the problem of balcony renovation. There is no way. The old house is small in area and precious in space, so everyone sets their eyes on the balcony. Either knock out the balcony door and make it a part of the living room, or transform the balcony into a kitchen. As for me, I transformed the balcony into a study.
One of the most critical issues for balcony to become an indoor space is balcony thermal insulation. If thermal insulation is not considered in the transformation process, it will suffer in winter. Because the decoration period is generally not in winter, many people ignore the insulation of the balcony wall when decorating. In winter, when the cold wind hits, they will regret it. Especially for families with old people, children or children, we must pay attention to balcony insulation. When my brother's house was renovated, the door between the balcony and the bedroom was removed. As a result, I had a baby. In order to keep warm, the balcony windows are all sealed with plastic sheets, which is ugly and inconvenient.
Balcony insulation is divided into two aspects. On the one hand, the selection and installation of balcony windows. If you want to keep warm, you should push and pull many windows. See my diary about plastic steel doors and windows for details. On the other hand, it is a wall. Today I'm going to talk about wall insulation renovation.
In order to have thermal insulation function, the thickness of the wall is essential, but increasing the thickness will inevitably seize valuable indoor space. Therefore, the common wall thermal insulation practices at present are the combination of thermal insulation cotton, thermal insulation board, cement board, gypsum board, barbed wire, wooden keel and light steel keel. Generally speaking, if the wall is ready to be tiled, the procedures are: building a skeleton with light steel keel → filling insulation cotton (or insulation board) in the skeleton → hanging cement board on the keel → hanging barbed wire on the cement board → tiling; If the wall is to be painted, the procedure is: use wooden keel (light steel keel) to build the skeleton → fill thermal insulation cotton (or insulation board) in the skeleton → hang gypsum board on the keel → use gypsum board as the base treatment → paint.
When the wall is ready to be tiled, wall insulation is generally not done, because this usually happens in the kitchen, and there are doors in the kitchen and indoors for insulation, so its insulation does not need to be too concerned. And the low temperature in the kitchen can keep the food from going bad for a long time ~
When the wall is ready to be painted, it is generally necessary to do wall insulation. That's how my family transformed the balcony into a study. Before making the insulation wall, we should make a keel frame first. My family uses wooden dragon bones. According to the design specification, the wooden keel should be protected against corrosion, fire and moth, but this will increase the cost, so I didn't do it.
There are several purposes for keel construction, one is to stick the frame on the insulation board, the other is to stick the frame on the gypsum board, and the third is to ensure that there are attachment points for wall decoration in the future. Therefore, the construction of keel should have certain density and standard rules.
It is suggested that when you rebuild the thermal insulation wall, you should keep the drawings after the keel is built, or take pictures with a camera. Because once the insulation wall is built and painted, you can't see where the keel is. The non-keel is hollow and cannot bear the force. Once you want to hang an ornament on the wall or nail it, it is not difficult for you to find the position of the keel and nail it in an empty place. At this time, you must use the original drawings or photo records to find the location of the keel.
After the keel is built, insert the insulation board. Our commonly used insulation board is polystyrene foam board-also called foam board and EPS board. We are familiar with these things. In summer, the portable incubator made by vendors selling cold drinks is made by sticking heat insulation boards together with tape, while the foam box commonly used for selling seafood is actually made of heat insulation boards. I remember when I was in college, I stole a heat insulation board from the school site as a mattress. Oh, it's much more comfortable than the straw mats distributed in that school, but it's warm, flat and elastic. Of course, there is also a kind of insulation board commonly known as "extruded board", which is widely used because of its excellent performance.
The choice of foam board is simple. Look at the fullness of the particles, that is, break a piece by hand to see if the particles are tight. Then push with your fist to see if it is easy to push a hole, if it doesn't mean the density is enough.
The foam board shall be filled in the keel as far as possible, leaving no gaps. Of course, a little crack will not affect the use effect. However, according to the design specification, it is best to use polystyrene foam to closely fill the gap.
Next is gypsum board. There are many kinds of gypsum boards and their uses are very wide, so I won't elaborate on them one by one, only the paper gypsum boards commonly used in ordinary rooms. Gypsum board is a kind of light board, with gypsum slurry as interlayer and paper as protective surface on both sides. Gypsum board is light in texture, high in strength, fireproof, moth-proof and easy to process, and is often used in interior walls, partitions and suspended ceilings.
Learn to identify the quality of gypsum board when purchasing, generally in the following ways:
(1) Visual inspection: During visual inspection, the front of the plate shall be visually inspected under the strong light of half a meter distance. Look at the surface first. The surface is flat and smooth, and there can be no pores, stains, cracks, missing corners, uneven colors and incomplete patterns. The upper and lower layers of kraft paper on the gypsum board should be firm to prevent cracking and prevent the gypsum board from cracking when screwing; Look at the side again to see if the gypsum texture is dense and empty. The denser the gypsum board, the more durable it is.
(2) Tap by hand to check the elasticity of gypsum board: Tap by hand will make a solid sound, indicating that gypsum board is dense and durable; If there is a hollow sound, it means that the plate is empty and the quality is not good.
(3) Look at signs: each packing box should be marked with product name, trademark, quality registration, manufacturer name, production date, moistureproof, handle with care and product signs.
The installation of gypsum board also said that the key points are:
1. Steam nails cannot be used to connect gypsum boards. Some of our ordinary carpenters try to save trouble and connect gypsum boards with steam nailing guns, which is chic and fast. However, we should know that the density of gypsum board is relatively loose, and the biting force on nails is very low, while the nail cap of steam nail is very small, which makes it easier to fall off in the later stage.
2. Self-tapping screws must be used to connect gypsum board. The self-tapping screw cap is large, which can firmly fix the gypsum board and ensure that it does not fall off.
3. Anti-rust tapping screws must be used, or after installation, ordinary tapping screws should be coated with anti-rust paint. Because gypsum reacts quickly with iron, it will rust, and if it is not prepared for rust prevention, it will rust. This situation may not occur during the renovation, but its yellow rust will gradually return to the outer surface in the later period, forming ugly yellow spots on the painted wall.
4. There should be a certain gap between gypsum boards, which will be buried with gypsum in the future, so as to ensure that there will be no cracks on the paint surface in the future to the greatest extent.
Well, the insulation wall construction is over here, and the rest is the wall treatment project. We can find that the construction of this small thermal insulation wall involves the choice of many materials and techniques, and it is difficult for the layman as the owner to master the tips and requirements one by one. The simplest way is to choose the construction team and foreman, and it is sometimes important to choose the right person.
A key link of decoration quality is the foreman. It is very important that the foreman can fully understand the requirements of the owner and arrange the workers in accordance with the company's regulations. Choosing a good foreman and taking good care of the decoration team will make our owners feel at ease and the decoration will be smooth. If the choice is not good, it will be very annoying, everything will be difficult, very unsatisfactory, and there will be many unexpected troubles. Therefore, it is particularly important to choose a good foreman before decoration.
My foreman used to be a foreman named Fan. To tell the truth, at first I thought the foreman was a little absent-minded and careless, probably because my project was too small. I am very uneasy and embarrassed to say that I want to change the foreman. Fortunately, he seems to have changed his current foreman just because he hit the car. At first glance, the foreman is an honest man. Contact with him also found that he is very practical and considerate of his master. Well, I'm satisfied!