Liu Mingchuan was an outstanding politician, strategist and representative of reformists in modern history of China, who made great contributions to the country and the nation. During the Sino-French War, Liu Mingchuan was in charge of the military affairs in Taiwan Province Province and led the soldiers and civilians in Taiwan Province Province to bravely fight against the French invaders. 1In June, 884, the Qing court conferred the title of Governor Liu Mingchuan of Zhili as the governor to supervise the government affairs and defense of Taiwan Province Province. 1885 after the founding of Taiwan Province province, Liu Mingchuan was the first governor of Taiwan Province province. Liu Mingchuan has fully implemented the new policy of self-improvement in Taiwan Province Province and strengthened coastal defense, which has promoted the social and economic development of Taiwan Province Province and accelerated the pace of modernization. The role of Taiwan Province Province as a screen vassal in the southeast coast is becoming more and more obvious. In just a few years, Taiwan Province Province has become one of the most advanced provinces in China from a relatively backward region. Liu Mingchuan is also called "the pioneer of modernization in Taiwan Province Province" and "the father of modernization in Taiwan Province Province". Such a national hero was an "outlaw" in his early years. He had already killed someone when he was seventeen, and he was almost executed after being caught as an "anti-government".
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Drop out of school to sell salt, local tyrants bully and kill.
The thing is this: Liu Mingchuan lives in Sifangying, his father Liu Hui, his word Huai Gang and his mother Zhou. Their family has dozens of acres of thin land, and farming is their business. In the harvest year, there is still enough food and clothing. In the hilly area of Xixiang, the water conservancy is depressed, with nine droughts in ten years and many poor years. Throughout the year, we strive to promote agriculture and textiles, and provide food and clothes for every family on Mondays. There are six people in Kunzhong, Liu Mingchuan. Their eldest brothers are Cui Ming, Ci Mingyu, Pan Ming (who died young), Ming Ding and Ming Yi. In his early years, Ming Chuan studied in a private school with his nephew Liu Shengzao for several years. He is stubborn by nature and difficult to teach. He often leads a group of urchins to line up to draw martial arts, calling themselves generals, taking command in the town and killing each other. When Mingchuan was eleven, his father died. Although Zhou leads his daughters-in-law, they are still "fighting for housework". Cui Ming died of illness soon, and since then, her life has become more and more difficult. At this time, the family was unable to provide Mingchuan with a private school, dropped out of school and wandered around the village.
Seeing that Mingchuan was successful in his studies and had no life, Liu Mu had to borrow some money and let Mingchuan secretly sell some smuggled salt with others to earn a little money to make up for the difficulties at home. Although Liu Mingchuan's poems and books are hard to get into, and smuggling salt is also a village-by-village trip, I know some of them. He is my brother, and he is also very skilled in practice. Liu and Cheng of Longxue Mountain in Lu 'an booked Qin Jin early. When Liu Mingchuan was seventeen. Zhou watched his son grow up, because his family was poor, and he was getting old. Marrying a daughter-in-law is also a helper, hastily preparing a wedding banquet for Ming Chuan to get married. Cheng Changming is six years old and natural and graceful. After going through the door, he won the favor of her husband and aunt. This year, the local tyrants in the village have a holiday to keep the place and spread the ding fee indiscriminately. Liu's mother couldn't think of it, so she was bullied by local tyrants and her family was poor. After all kinds of insults, she rode away. It happened that mingchuan came home from outside, and his mother complained about it. Mingchuan was angry and said to his younger brother, "My husband has to stand on his own feet. How can he stand this humiliation!" Chasing local tyrants with bare hands, local tyrants saw that Liu Nian was just weak, and laughed with bare hands and said, "How dare you stand in my way?" Liu grabbed the knife in his hand, chopped the local tyrant off his horse, rose up and rebelled, and built a castle and a village under the buried hill. He was recruited and lived in Xianfeng for four years (1854).
Liu mingchuan
After being arrested, the official loves to let Liu Mingchuan go.
In the sixth year of Xianfeng (1856), there was a drought in Jianghuai, a thousand miles of bare land, hunger and cold, smoking cessation and cannibalism. Some rich people in Jinqiao refused to sell their food, which aroused public anger and robbed the rich people of their food. The rich man's first accusation was robbed by Liu Mingchuan, and the officers and men came after the Liu family, "demanding money from Liu's mother" and "living in a sea of fire" and left. Liu's mother was shocked and died that day, which was July 2 1 day in the ancient calendar. Liu Jian's family burned their mother, and they were both sad and angry, so they hurriedly buried her. Its poem cloud:
Since my family has been struggling, I am too lazy to call the world.
When Liu Mingchuan's family destroyed his mother, he simply took the fort as his home, tied the stockade to the edge of the buried hill six or seven miles away from his original home, erected stockade walls on all sides, erected stockade doors, and divided people to guard it. Dozens of local brave people were organized into a group, appointed leaders, and assumed the responsibility of guarding the countryside and protecting the soil. Zhai Jie in Liu Mingchuan pulled up a group of people, all poor farmers, salt smugglers and unemployed people, with complicated habits. Liu Mingchuan was born in poverty and knew well the sufferings of the villagers. If his subordinates don't obey the discipline, he will disturb the public order, endanger the village and be opposed by the local elders and brothers. He made three chapters for his subordinates: "No killing and arson for no reason; Do not fight, smash and burn; Third, it is not allowed to rape women. " The order must be carried out, and no one dares to violate it, which has won the support of the villagers. The stockade in Liu Mingchuan has become the most powerful fortress in Xixiang, and no one dares to move.
In the eighth year of Xianfeng (1858), the Taiping Army conquered Luzhou, and Han Ying, the magistrate of Hefei, was so anxious that he abandoned the city and fled to Liu Mingchuan stockade. Liu Heqing's government has a grudge against killing his mother and setting fire to it, and resolutely refuses to accept it. Ying Nai sued Liu for rebellion, and the Qing government ordered Liu 'an Zhili magistrate (Wuxi people) to send troops to capture Liu Mingchuan in Liu 'an. After Liu was arrested, his subordinates, Long Fuhou and Shi Yong, dispersed in a hubbub. Some of them went to other villages and some returned to their original jobs. The fortress that Liu Mingchuan worked hard for several years collapsed. His poem is:
In the past, rivers and lakes were once moored, and several people heard it when playing the flute.
Aerial view of Zhai Wei in Liu Mingchuan.
Liu Mingchuan was arrested in Lu 'an. According to the laws of the Qing Dynasty, he should be imprisoned. Zou Ren, the magistrate, saw that Liu Mingchuan was a rare talent, with a strong personality and restless state affairs. It was the time to choose people in troubled times. After the trial, he wanted to fulfill Liu Mingchuan, and encouraged him to go back and continue to collect troops, build castles, and set up camps, so as to assume the responsibility of "protecting the environment and protecting the people" for the local government. Liu mankou promised to go back to his hometown and regroup, recruit old troops and expand some troops, which greatly increased his strength. He also collected some scrap metal to make swords, spears, arrows and halberds. Drag several bronze bodhisattvas from Qianshan Temple down the mountain, cast cannons, and hope that the temple will be rebuilt and the gods will be inlaid with gold. Divide Yong Lian into three parts, one part is stationed in the old village; A Qinggui temple stationed in northern Shaanxi; One is stationed at Bawangdun. Between the three villages, it is unstoppable. At ordinary times, soldiers practice and the police are ready to go. Liu Mingchuan reiterated that there are three rules and regulations and strict discipline, and the situation in Xixiang is basically safe.
1862 After the establishment of the Huai Army, Liu Mingchuan led his Ming army to participate in the war to pacify the Taiping Army and the Nian Army, and made meritorious military service repeatedly. Later, he was made a first-class baron, and Liu 1868 resigned and returned to his hometown. 1884 When the Sino-French War broke out, the Qing Empire reopened Liu Mingchuan and sent him to supervise the military affairs of Taiwan Province Province as the governor of Fujian. After arriving in Taiwan, Liu Mingchuan actively prepared for coastal defense and once repelled the French army that landed in Keelung. Later, when he was in Fucheng, Taipei, Sun, Xiang Army and other departments defeated the French army's action to capture Taipei. Coupled with the epidemic of Keelung disease, the French army finally gave up the plan to capture Taiwan Province Province and retreated to Penghu.
Liu Mingchuan's resistance to the law and protection of Taiwan contributed a lot.