Preventive measures for safety problems
1. Feasible preventive monitoring measures should be taken for the dangerous parts of the construction site, safety warning signs should be set around the deep foundation pit project, and the construction unit should increase the monitoring and inspection frequency for the side wall support of deep foundation pit and surrounding buildings, structures and roads. The frequency of third-party monitoring shall be no less than twice a day, and every 3 hours 1 time if necessary. Set up effective drainage measures, clear the snow around the foundation pit in time in heavy snow weather, and prevent the landslide caused by excessive bearing capacity of the side wall of the foundation pit. Experts should be organized to conduct a comprehensive inspection of the deep foundation pit. During construction in rainy season, we should pay close attention to the treatment of foundation pit to prevent earthwork landslide caused by accumulated water. Once hidden dangers are found, emergency reinforcement suggestions should be put forward to ensure the personal safety of infrastructure.
2. Check the foundation of hoisting machinery in detail to keep the foundation drainage unblocked. Lifting machinery must be reinforced according to emergency reinforcement measures, and tower cranes must be reinforced, overhauled and maintained according to the requirements of emergency reinforcement measures for tower cranes.
3. Focus on checking the bracing, horizontal and vertical reinforcement, bracing and cable wind rope of the large formwork support system; The foundation should be smooth and solid, and keep the drainage unblocked; Clear the snow in time to ensure the wind resistance and snow pressure resistance of the formwork support system.
4. Focus on checking the erection of scaffolding bracing, pull nodes and small bars to make the foundation smooth, solid and smooth, and ensure the overall stability and safety of scaffolding.
5. Conduct a comprehensive and detailed inspection of the overlay facilities on the construction site. The construction unit should constantly check and replace mechanical parts, be willing to invest, prepare reinforcement equipment, and take emergency measures for evacuation. Measures should be taken immediately for potential safety hazards. The manufacturer shall conduct a comprehensive inspection, maintenance and reinforcement of the temporary facilities for production and installation to ensure the performance of the equipment and serve the safety in production.
6. Temporary electricity utilization for construction must meet the requirements of standards and specifications. In particular, all power distribution facilities should take rainproof measures and check whether the power cord has skin aging. All construction sites should stop using electricity (except emergency projects) after the weather warning issued by the Municipal Meteorological Bureau, and record the weather conditions in time to make preparations as soon as possible.
7. For deep foundation pit excavation, another measure is to prepare the whole shotcrete slope protection. In the process of excavation, the specialist is responsible for sloping in proportion and excavating in layers. After the excavation, the professional team will do shotcrete slope protection to ensure the overall stability of the slope and prevent water collapse during the excavation.
8. After the landslide accident, the construction unit shall be responsible for the on-site command. When an accident is found, call the accident rescue telephone number "120" as soon as possible, report to the superior and call the hospital for rescue. At the same time, inform the emergency leading group to carry out on-site rescue to prevent the accident from happening again and minimize the loss of personnel and property.
9. Improve safety awareness. It is a long-term requirement for safety work, and it is also one of the propaganda signs that construction enterprises attach importance to safety management, and it is the basic condition to ensure safe production. Therefore, safe production is the most important thing in railway engineering construction. With the gradual increase of railway construction, the amount of safety management tasks also increases. Enterprises should constantly strengthen safety education and training for employees, especially for migrant workers. To educate employees to be familiar with the professional knowledge and post operation skills of the industry, familiar with relevant safety rules and regulations, and master the safety operation skills of this position. All management levels should drive front-line workers to participate in safety management and form an interactive scene. Only in this way can we unify our thinking and understanding better and more scientifically, improve our self-protection ability and safety awareness, realize the safety production management goals set by various enterprises, effectively improve the economic benefits of construction enterprises, and correspondingly improve the status of enterprises, the income of employees and the overall quality of enterprises.
Safety protection management measures
1. Establish and improve the safety organization. Safety personnel must undergo training and assessment before taking up their posts, and be equipped with qualified safety inspectors. The organization is set as project manager-deputy production manager-chief engineer-full-time safety inspector-safety officers of each team, and safety management measures and implementation rules at all levels are formulated.
2. Construction personnel must carry out three-level safety education when entering the site, with the education rate reaching 100%. Electricians, welders, scaffolders, signalmen and other special operators must undergo professional training and obtain certificates before they can operate. The certificate-holding rate reached 65,438+000%. Those who have not participated in the training after the expiration of the training certificate may not take up their posts.
3. The underground pipe network should be proved in earthwork excavation to prevent accidents. In the process of excavation, there should be a special person to monitor the change of foundation pit edge to prevent landslide from hurting people. Surrounded by steel pipes, the distance between vertical poles is 3m, and the buried depth is 500mm. There are three horizontal poles, namely sweeping pole, waist pole and upper pole. The guardrail is 1.5m high, painted with red and white paint signs, and hung with a red light for warning at night. The inner side of the railing is closed with a dense mesh safety net, and there are two fixed entrances and exits for people and materials, and a "passage" is set up.
4. For the holes in the floor and floor, reinforce the top cover plate with embedded long steel bars below 1.5m× 1.5m; Two protective railings are set around the cavity above 1.5m× 1.5m, and a horizontal safety net is hung in the middle; The elevator wellhead is provided with an open metal protective door with a height of 1.5m, and a safety net is provided at the first floor and every two floors above the well.
5. Stairs should be installed with fixed protective railings, which should be installed to the working face along with the structure, and low-voltage lighting equipment should be installed inside to prevent dark light from hurting people.
6. The elevator driver must be in good health and can only take up his post after passing the training. Check and lubricate the elevator technology regularly, and it is forbidden to overload the elevator. Motor braking inspection shall be carried out before shift handover, during full load and erection, and shift handover records shall be made. Any problems found shall be reported and solved in time.
Safety management measures for temporary electricity consumption
1. Strengthen the management of construction electricity consumption, educate the construction personnel on safe electricity consumption, and set up switch boxes that meet the requirements of the specification on the construction site. 2. All kinds of electrical equipment on site are not allowed to be used without inspection, and the electrical equipment in use should be kept in normal working condition, and it is forbidden to run with faults. 3. Electrical equipment used in the open air should be equipped with rain cover. Any electrical equipment that is wet or submerged should be dry and can only be used after the insulation test is qualified. 4. The distribution box must be firm, complete, tight and locked. The door of the box should be painted with danger signs, and there should be no sundries and numbers in the box. 5. The floor of the floor-standing distribution box should be flat to prevent flooding and burying, and sundries are not allowed to pile up near the distribution box. 6. Except for sheath line, the lighting lines on the construction site should be laid separately or through pipes. Office lighting is controlled by switch, and work lights and site are controlled by shunt. The light bulb should be 2.5 meters above the ground. 7. Professionals who use or operate electric machinery must receive safety technology education for safe use of electricity, understand electrical common sense and correctly master operation methods. 8. People who are healthy, mentally normal and have a strong sense of responsibility must be arranged to work with electricity, and the operation of mechanical equipment must have an operation certificate. 9. Before using electrical equipment, the electrician should check the wiring. Before connecting the power supply on site, identify the 220V and 380V power supplies with an electric pen, and give them to the operators for use after they are normal. 10. Power users should wear insulating shoes and protective equipment according to regulations, and use insulating protective equipment or tools correctly. 1 1. When the work ends or stops for more than 1 hour, the operator should cut off the power supply, lock the switch box and protect the power cord and tools. 12. The electrician on duty must hold relevant certificates, and the certificates must be trained and valid by the security department.
Scaffolding safety technical measures
1. The scaffold foundation must be hardened to meet the bearing capacity requirements, so as to avoid water accumulation or sinking, and the roof foundation concrete must reach more than 75% of the design strength before construction. 2. In the process of erection, mark the operation area, prohibit pedestrians from entering, unify the command, echo up and down, and coordinate the actions. It is forbidden to work without command. When unfastening the fastener related to another person, you must tell the other party first and get permission to prevent falling and hurting people. 3. Scaffolding should be connected with the structure or temporarily supported in time to ensure the safety of the erection process; Before the unfinished scaffolding is completed every day, ensure that the shelf is stable. 4. The erection of scaffolding must be coordinated with the construction progress, and the erection height at a time cannot exceed two steps above the adjacent wall. 5. In the process of erection, there should be safety personnel and shelf monitor for inspection and acceptance. Acceptance shall be carried out every two steps, and the next installation shall be carried out only after it meets the design and construction requirements. 6. Scaffolding can only be used after experience in erection. Any team leader or individual shall not dismantle scaffold components without authorization. 7. Strictly control the construction load. Scaffolding shall not be piled up centrally, and the construction load shall not exceed 3kN/m2, so as to ensure a large safety reserve. 8. Multi-storey simultaneous operation is not allowed in structural construction, and the number of simultaneous operations in decoration construction shall not exceed two, and the number of simultaneous operations in temporary cantilever frame shall not exceed 1. 9. Reliable protective fences should be set between each operation layer, and safety nets should be hung up to prevent falling objects from hurting people. 10. Check scaffolding regularly, find problems and hidden dangers, and repair and reinforce it in time before construction to ensure construction safety. 165438+ 12. During demolition, the operation area should be divided, warning signs should be set around, and the ground should be commanded by designated personnel, and non-operation personnel are prohibited from entering. 13. Demolition shall be under unified command, echoed from top to bottom, and coordinated, leaving no hidden dangers.
Safety technical measures for formwork engineering
1. Set up wires on the template and use electric tools to use 36V low-voltage power supply. 2. When working high above the ground, all kinds of accessories should be placed in the toolbox or tool bag, and it is strictly prohibited to put them on the template or scaffold. 3. In the process of installation and disassembly, people will meet up and down, and it will run with disassembly. Put the badly damaged formwork aside and fix the moving parts firmly. It is forbidden to pile up on the scaffold board or throw it. 4. When installing the wall column template, support and fix it at any time according to the template specification to prevent overturning. 5. Pre-assembled formwork installation, while in place, while correcting, while installing connectors. When the bearing formwork is dismantled, temporary supports shall be erected to prevent sudden overall collapse. 6. When lifting the formwork, the formwork must be in place and firmly connected to prevent decoupling, and the operator should strictly abide by the relevant provisions on the safety of lifting machinery. Those who don't follow the operating rules and listen to the instructions should be transferred from their posts. 7. When dismantling the formwork, there should be a special person to direct it, and practical and reliable safety measures should be taken. The operation area should be marked below, and non-operation personnel are strictly prohibited from entering the operation area. Operators should wear seat belts, and it is forbidden to stand on the template bar for operation. Dismantled formwork shall be hoisted in a centralized way, and tied at multiple points. It is forbidden to throw it down. 8. When lifting the formwork, check whether the through-wall bolts are removed and whether the formwork is clean without sundries. Only when the formwork is completely separated from the wall can it be hoisted. Construction at night is prohibited when it rains, snows and winds. 9. The erection of formwork shall meet the requirements of self-stabilizing angle. The two templates are placed face to face, with a working channel 50 cm wide in the middle. The upper part of the formwork is fixed with a tie rod, which is not easy to exceed the height. 10. The formwork with no support or insufficient self-stabilizing angle shall be stored in a special insert frame, and the storage place shall be hardened and firm, with a square mat of 50 mm×100 mm. Check whether it is safe and firm, and it is forbidden to sit and lie in the formwork stacking place.
Safety management measures for foundation pit protection
1. For earthwork excavation, it is necessary to find out the underground pipe network, understand the geological exploration situation, hang safety warning signs in obvious positions, and pile soil, materials and tools are not allowed within the upper edge of foundation pit 1m to prevent accidents. 2. Construction personnel outside the foundation pit shall not throw things into the foundation pit, and designated persons shall pass on the construction information. When transferring tools or materials into the foundation pit, it must be firmly connected before letting go. Rest personnel in the foundation pit should stay away from the edge and slope of the foundation pit to prevent carelessness. 3. All construction machinery should obey the command, and personnel should stay away from the construction machinery as far as possible. Before operation, check whether the machinery works normally. When using the machinery, inform the people around (including the field operators) to leave, and then carry out the construction after observing the safety. In a word, safety production management is an important part of achieving the goal of economic benefits, and it is the top priority of every construction enterprise. It is essential to coordinate safety management with quality improvement and economic benefits. To implement the safety management rules and regulations, reward and punishment system, reward and punishment should be clear, further implement the post responsibility system, so that the alarm bell of safety production will ring. Enterprises should proceed from the overall situation, strengthen management and improve their ideological understanding of safety production management. It is more important for an enterprise to improve the sense of responsibility of each employee and stimulate the sense of safety responsibility of the whole enterprise employees, so as to achieve the actual effect of safe production.
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