Practical significance of meso-economy

The long-term meso-economy has the function of innovation and breakthrough, and can play the role of "experimental field" for the macro-economy. China has a vast territory and a large population, and the situation of different regions and departments is very different, which requires all intermediaries to exert their subjective initiative, emancipate their minds and boldly reform and innovate. For example, at the beginning of its establishment, Shenzhen Special Economic Zone implemented the system of joint production and joint award, and the bidding system for engineering construction. In the early 1980 s, joint-stock experiments were carried out. Not only has the construction of Shenzhen Special Economic Zone developed rapidly from scratch, but it has also played an exemplary role for the whole country. These systems and experimental practices were later popularized throughout the country, which greatly liberated the productive forces. In the mid-1980s, all parts of the country also explored some meso-economic development models according to their own conditions, such as Sunan model, Wenzhou model and Pearl River Delta model. These models are the results of positive development in various regions and have an important role in promoting macroeconomic development. As far as regional economy is concerned, the emergence of various development models shows that China is exploring regional economic problems at various levels, such as township economy, county economy, central city economy and provincial economy. In this way, in the great cause of building Socialism with Chinese characteristics's economy, the macro (state) is mainly responsible for the overall design and target management, while the middle (province, prefecture, city, county, etc. ) mainly responsible for regional innovation and independent development. For the growth of new things, the meso level has direct economic benefits and can provide direct and convenient services; In this way, the growth of new things can in turn solve some urgent problems in the development of meso-economy. These problems are usually hot and difficult at the macro level. Once they are solved, they will be gradually confirmed and improved by the state, thus winning the support and support of more regions and the wider masses and producing good demonstration and driving effects. The introduction of most reform measures and policies in our country takes the road of "crossing the river by feeling the stones" at the meso level.

2. Meso-economy can play a role of stability and coordination, and effectively weaken the excessive oscillation of macro-economy.

Meso-economy has certain functions of "stabilizer" and "pressure reducing valve" for macro-economy. This can be examined from top-down and bottom-up aspects.

Top-down aspect: When macro-economy fluctuates greatly or is not conducive to the development of meso-economy, we should give full play to the subjective initiative of meso-economy, and reduce harmful "radiation" to a minimum through "absorption" at all levels of meso-economy. In the early 1980s, the state adjusted the national economy and greatly reduced investment in capital construction. However, some provinces have played a moderate role, and the main economic indicators have maintained a good momentum of overall growth in the case of a sharp decline in capital construction investment. In the mid-1990s, Hainan's economy suffered a great impact after the state introduced policies and measures to cool down the real estate industry and eliminate the "bubble economy". However, by developing tourism and efficient agriculture and creating a good external environment for the micro-economy, the shock wave has been greatly alleviated, and the meso-economy has quickly recovered its vitality after a short period of twists and turns.

Bottom-up: When there are bad signs at the micro level, the meso level can intervene in time, which can make up for the deficiency of the macro level, or "the mountain is high and the emperor is far away". For example, some middle-level management companies, such as regional economy, departmental economy, and national lack of products, generally pay close attention. Once there are business obstacles or other contradictions, the middle level will do its best to help solve them and will not give up the contradictions. However, if it is not handled properly or dereliction of duty, it may have an impact on the macro economy. In fact, financial risk cases, catastrophes or catastrophes in some places once had a great negative impact on the macro-economy, and some even affected the international image of China.

3. The meso-economy can improve the national economic control system and disperse the risks of centralized control.

From the perspective of reform, the meso-regulation system plays an irreplaceable role in the whole national economic system. According to cybernetics, the multi-objective optimization problem of national economic system is to find the extreme value of function in the final analysis. Under the condition of centralized control, the number of independent variables of the function increases sharply, which makes the spatial dimension of the optimization system increase sharply and brings great difficulties to accurate calculation. At the same time, the structure of centralized control is highly rigid, and the adaptation of the system to random changes and environmental changes only comes from its center. Although centralized control can keep the system stable for a long time, the contradiction between the invariant structure of the system and the evolution of its parts will eventually develop to a very sharp point. In addition, centralized control will also reduce the reliability of the system. Once the control error occurs, it is difficult for each subsystem to prevent and correct it, thus deteriorating the state of the whole system. If different subjects put forward different levels of decisions, then each subsystem has strong independence, which is called hierarchical (or decentralized) control. The vertical division of power by hierarchical control can overcome the above weaknesses of centralized control to a great extent, adapt to the changes of environment and system, and make each level have the function of independent response. At the same time, due to the increase of information received and processed by subordinates, the control efficiency has also improved. The economic operation mechanism of hierarchical control is that the central government controls regions, departments and large groups, and then regions, departments and large groups control enterprises or microeconomic layers. If such hierarchical control is not implemented, but the central government directly controls enterprises and the macro directly controls the micro, then the meso level only plays a negative conduction role, and the result can only be that the control system becomes rigid and rigid.