brief introduction
Code of hammurabi is a compilation of laws promulgated by King Hammurabi of Babylon in the Middle East (reigned in 1792 BC). It is the most representative cuneiform code and the earliest written code in the world.
The original code of hammurabi is carved on a black basalt stone pillar, which is 2.25m high,1.65m long last week and1.90m long at the bottom, so it is also called "stone pillar method".
At the top of the stone pillar is the relief of King Hammurabi standing in front of the sun and Chamakh, the god of justice, accepting the symbol of kingship to symbolize the divine right of kingship and the inviolability of kingship; At the bottom is a code inscription written in Akkadian cuneiform, with 3500 lines and 282 articles, which is now in the Asian exhibition hall of the Louvre Museum in Paris.
Extended data:
history
190 1 Discover the ancient city of Sosa, Huelin (now Iranian). It is a black basalt cylinder and is now in the Louvre Museum in Paris, France. At the top of the column, Hammurabi got the relief of the scepter from Shamash, the sun god, and the full text of the code was engraved in cuneiform below. In addition to the preface and conclusion, the full text consists of 282 articles, including litigation procedures, damages, tenancy relations, creditor's rights and debts, property inheritance and slave disposal.
Code of hammurabi divided people into three grades:
A free man enjoying civil rights.
A free man without citizenship.
Slaves (royal slaves, slaves belonging to freemen, private slaves of citizens)
The structure of the full text of code of hammurabi can be divided into three parts: preface, text and conclusion:
Eye for eye and tooth for tooth.
Do your best to repay the kindness.
Discovery process
190 1 65438+February, an archaeological team composed of French and Iranians excavated the ruins of an ancient city named Susa in southwest Iran. One day, they found a black basalt, and a few days later, they found two more. They put three pieces together, which happened to be an oval cylindrical stone pillar.
This stone pillar is two and a half meters high. There are two reliefs carved on it: one is sitting with a short stick in his right hand; The other stood, his hands arched, as if he were in church. The lower part of the stone pillar is engraved with words such as arrows or nails. After textual research, it was a legal provision recorded in cuneiform-code of hammurabi.
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-code of hammurabi