You have heard of Montessori. She is called "the founder of education today".
In fact, she put forward "Montessori education theory" as early as a century ago. Today, even though the technology has undergone subversive and explosive changes, there are still many advanced ideas in her theory, which can provide reference for us parents.
1, giving children freedom is true love.
Many times, adults set obstacles for children's growth. Yes, you are not wrong.
Newborn children are very fragile and cannot exercise their right to grow up as independent people.
For a long time, they have been faced with the education that adults take for granted.
China's traditional education pays attention to "filial son under the stick" and strict poetry etiquette.
The west pays attention to "gentleman education", stocking and self-improvement.
In any case, parents have never changed their view that what they give their children is what they want and pursue.
After years of research and teaching practice, Montessori realized:
Every child, even a newborn baby, has its own growth rules and psychological needs. They unconsciously know what they want to learn and how to learn.
If adults do not interfere, but provide protection and help, children can walk well on their own, but this has not been known for thousands of years.
All along, all kinds of early childhood education theories are not based on the understanding of children's own psychological status. Our parents only need to cultivate their children with the eyes, psychology and psychology of adults, and this is also the case now.
Therefore, there are many misunderstandings about the "shaping" of children and the process of their growth.
Therefore, when educating children, we should really understand their needs and give them real freedom is true love.
2. Teach children to skillfully use the law of sensitive period.
Giving children freedom means not letting them go with the flow.
This "freedom" refers to:
When children follow the law of growth, parents should avoid too much intervention and help them grow up more freely and scientifically according to their own wishes.
At this time, parents should guide rather than restrain.
Speaking of "guidance" and "help", we should understand Montessori's concept of "sensitive period education".
Montessori said that children's ability development has a "sensitive period".
In the sensitive period of this ability, this ability is in a state of positive acceptance and growth at any time.
If we can give proper stimulation at this time, it will grow at an amazing speed.
After the sensitive period is over, this positive force will gradually disappear.
Missing this sensitive period will not have a devastating impact on the child, but it will bring him regrets and obstacles in this regard.
The sensitive period of children summarized by Montessori research mainly includes
0~6 years old language sensitive period;
2~4 years old orderly sensitive period;
0 ~ 6 years old is the sensitive period;
0~6 years old sports sensitive period;
3~6 years old writing sensitive period;
4~6 years old reading sensitive period.
In order to make children develop better in the future, parents must give appropriate education and guidance during the sensitive period of children, promote the normal development of children's functions and avoid wrong opportunities.
3, grumpy may be because of the sensitive order.
How strong is the child's sense of order?
As an instinct, this sense of order appears when children are very young.
For a two-year-old child, the sensitivity to order is almost the decisive factor in his behavior at this age.
When parents observe carefully, they will often see interesting phenomena.
When an item is misplaced, children can quickly find and correct it.
Not only that, but other subtle and unusual changes were first discovered by children.
For example, clothes are misplaced, chairs are misplaced, and so on. Small mistakes were discovered by children around 2 years old.
In the sensitive period of children's order, when there is disorder, transactions will occur.
But these are just the external manifestations that work in the sensitive period of order, and their real significance does not stop there.
The psychological development of children determines the existence of the order of needs. If this need is met, the child will be happy.
An old kindergarten teacher said:
Children aged 3 or 4 will put the teaching AIDS back in their original positions after class. They like the second half of the course very much.
A sense of order makes children consciously remember the location of everything they see.
This ability is actually a manifestation that a person can adapt to the environment and dominate the environment in all details.
A person can walk freely in his environment even with his eyes closed. Only when he reaches for what he wants can he be truly calm and happy and live in harmony with the environment.
Of course, children are no exception.
4. Follow the "riding three stages" of children's sensory training.
Montessori advocates following the "three-stage riding" training method when training children with senses.
Take visual training as an example:
The first stage: let children associate vision with the names of things.
For example, let children observe red and blue.
When children see red, they can remind them that "this is red"; When you look at blue, please pay attention to "this is blue".
After the child has a certain memory, put the two-color paper on the table and let the child observe for himself.
Children need to match names and colors according to their parents' words.
After the successful response, he formed the concept of two colors in his mind.
The second stage: help children identify the color of objects.
Parents and teachers pointed to the red object and said to the child, "Please give me the red one.
' '
Then, point to the blue object and repeat the above actions.
Under such guidance, children can quickly recognize the color of objects.
Stage 3) Remember to speak according to the color of the object.
For example, you can show children an object and listen to its color.
After the child gives the correct answer, parents should praise it immediately; If the child answers wrong, parents should correct it.
Saigon believes that sensory training for children must adhere to these three stages. Moreover, at any stage, you can't just give your child a message. At least two of them are because this contrast is very helpful for remembering children's information.
5. Attractive mind
Sucking the heart is a unique psychological ability of children. In just a few years, children have established and consolidated all the characteristics of the body and people.
The child's absorbed heart accepts everything, without judging, refusing or responding.
What is absorbed gradually becomes a part of itself.
In this way, the child has reached the equal status and level with the people around him, and adapted to the mode of existence of himself and everyone.
Children should absorb their hearts, welcome everything, have hope for everything, treat the rich and the poor equally, and accept religions, prejudices and customs in the environment.
Simply put, people do not have the ability to distinguish information and things in early childhood.
Children absorb all the information they receive through their senses and use this information to establish their own values and cognitive views.
Even if the information is unhealthy.
Therefore, the value of words and deeds is reflected here.
Dong Qing said:
What kind of people do parents want their children to grow up? They want to be such people first.
6. Parents and teachers are not children's mentors, but companions.
Montessori defines companionship as high-quality companionship.
First, parents and teachers must be around their children.
Second, parents and teachers concentrate on observing children;
Third, parents and teachers will not easily interfere with children's behavior, and will only give advice when necessary.
In this kind of companionship, parents and teachers hide their supreme position in traditional society.
They no longer shine in front of their children, nor do they sneer at them. But watching silently like the wives of rich children in ancient society.
7. Children have all kinds of unknown abilities.
Montessori said:
Please believe that your child has all kinds of unknown abilities.
After the children's abilities are developed, the future of mankind will become brighter.
If you want to change the world, you must pay attention to tapping the potential of children.
Nowadays, many psychologists are interested in the psychological activities of newborns. They begin to observe them three hours after birth.
After detailed observation and research, they came to the conclusion that:
The first two years of a person's life are the most important period in his life journey.
Children have a heart that can absorb knowledge by themselves and have the ability of self-education.
For example, children can imitate their parents' words and master the language quickly, but adults still need to make great efforts to master the language.
Unlike a child, I can remember many sentences freely and know the usage of verbs, nouns and adjectives even if no one teaches me.
In addition, unlike adults, children do not go to death, but go to life first.
A child's first job is to grow into a healthy person, and all the characteristics of a child will disappear in adulthood.
Therefore, we can speculate that children's direction is to become more perfect people, and children always want to strive to improve themselves.
A child's life is like work, and he will feel happy and happy in the process of work.
However, for adults, the lives of adults and children are different, because they will be depressed by the trivial things in life.
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