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Xunzi's "Persuasion"
Xunzi (about 3 13-238), whose real name was Qing (at that time, people addressed him respectfully, so it was called), was an ancient thinker and educator in China, the last representative of Confucianism in the pre-Qin period, and a master of simple materialism.
1, content summary: You can't stop learning, you can't relax, you can't give up halfway, and you have to work hard the day after tomorrow to become a gentleman.
2, artistic techniques: good at using common metaphors in life to illustrate the truth of learning; Be good at using comparative methods to strengthen the effect of argument; Dual and parallelism are used to make the article not only neat and harmonious, but also uneven in level, fluent and catchy to read.
sense of honor
Gu Yanwu
(1) The Biography of Feng Dao, a history of the Five Dynasties, said: "Courtesy, justice and honesty are the four dimensions of the country; If the four dimensions don't open, the country will die. " It is true that propriety and righteousness are the law of governing people; Honesty, shame, the great festival of establishing people. Cheap, don't cover, take everything, don't feel ashamed, do everything. If people do this, they will lose everything and do whatever it takes. If you are a minister and do your best, there will be no chaos in the world and there will be no survivors in the country.
But among the four, shame is particularly important, so the master commentator said, "There is shame in doing what you do. (2) "Mencius said:" People should not be shameless. Shameless, shameless. " He said: "People are shameless! There is no shame in being smart. " Therefore, if people are not cheap, they will violate etiquette and commit righteousness, all out of shame. Therefore, the shamelessness of scholar-officials is a national shame.
(3) My point of view is that three generations and below (3), the world is getting worse, and it is not a one-off event to abandon courtesy and donate honesty and shame. However, pines and cypresses withered in the cold of the year, and chickens crowed in the wind and rain. On the day when others were unconscious, no one woke up alone.
(4) Reading "Yan Jiaxun" (4) There is a cloud: "There was a scholar in the Qi Dynasty who once said,' I have a son who is seventeen years old and quite knowledgeable. Teach him Xianbei language, play the pipa, and try to understand a little, so as to serve the ministers, and they all like it. "I don't answer on my stomach. Different, this man's adopted son is also! This industry is self-sufficient, and I don't want you! " Howl! Or the saying that you have to be an official in troubled times; People who are attractive to the world can be innocent!