Q [Q, pronounced wēn(ㄨㄣ), not w ㄣˋ]
I. Origin of surname:
The first origin: from the surname of the son, from the descendants of Shang Tang and Yuan, and the official surname of Gong and Shi.
According to the historical book "Surname Garden", "Shi Wen asked Gong's family and changed it after moving." The Yuan family originated in China's slave Shang Dynasty (BC 1562 ~ BC 1066). From the establishment of Shang Tang to the demise of Shang Zhouwang, the Shang Dynasty lasted for more than 490 years, with 17 generations of 3 1 kings.
In Shang Dynasty, Shang Tang was founded in Yubo (now Caoxian County, Shandong Province), moved the capital five times, and finally moved the capital to Yin (now Xiaotun Village, Anyang City, Henan Province) during the period of Pan Geng (13 12 ~ 1285 BC). After that, the Shang Dynasty developed politically, economically and militarily, especially during the fifty years of Wu Ding's rule (BC 127 1- BC 1265438).
BC 1 168, King Wuding of Shang Dynasty named his son (now Xinzheng, Henan Province) Hou, and later generations took the ancestor Jue as their surname and called him yuanshi county. The time is about, from 1998 to about 3 166 years.
The early distribution range of Yuan clan can be determined from the ruling range of Wuding King in Shang Dynasty and later Shang Dynasty. During the Wuding period, the Shang Dynasty was strong and its territory was expanding day by day. According to records, its borders extend to Chenggu in Shaanxi and Wanlou Yonghe in Shanxi in the west, to Han (now Hebei) in the north, to Huang Po in Hubei and Qingjiang in Jiangxi in the south, and to Qufu and Taian in Shandong in the east. Therefore, Yuan clan people live widely, mainly in Henan, Anhui, Shandong, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Hubei, Jiangxi and other provinces.
In the historical changes of more than 3,000 years after the Shang Dynasty, Yuan descendants also derived other surnames by means of official seal, land distribution, residence and relocation. According to the historical book Dialectics of Surnames in Ancient and Modern Times, many surnames are from Yuan Dynasty, and the single surnames are Quan, Yun, Yi, Gu, Mu, Zhu, Yi, You, Bian, Ze, Ao (Yu) and Pu.
During the period of Shang Tang, the dynasty laid military forts around the capital to defend it. Most of its military forts near the capital are distributed in a ring shape, called wrist bow (near bow); Most of its military fortresses are far away from the border and distributed in a star shape, which is called deep bow (far bow); The military forts located in the middle zone are distributed in a fan shape, which is called the middle bow.
Shang Tang's descendants asked the public, that is, the doctor in charge of the relieving of the Chinese public. Some of his descendants took his official name "Wengong" as their surname and simplified it to a single surname.
The second source: from Ji surname, from, is a fief given to the viceroy Su Fensheng in the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty. Belong to asylum, change your surname.
According to "Baoying Wen Family Tree", the Yangzhou family in Jiangsu was changed from Wen's surname.
Wenqi originated from the literary country in the Western Zhou Dynasty. According to the historical records "Guang Yun" and "Wan Xing Tong Pu", in the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, Su Fensheng was appointed as a shepherd of the Zhou Dynasty and was sealed in (now wen county, Henan Province).
In the second year of King Xiang of Zhou Dynasty (Jin Yuan year, 650 BC), Wen Guo was destroyed by the Northern Di people, and the monarch Wen Zi fled to protect his family, which was called Wen Shi. Later, the doctor of the state of Jin (Wen and Miao) led the army to attack and destroy, and Wen became a fief.
In the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period, Zhou Jian was exiled to Ji Wang in the 11th year (575 BC). In June of the lunar calendar, Yun Zhi commanded the Jin army to defeat the powerful Chu army in the "Battle of Yanling" (now Yanling, Henan) and became the ruling minister of the State of Jin. Since then, the Yun clan has been in power in the ruling and opposition circles. According to the classic "Guoyu Yujin", it is called "Sanyunbing". In Ji Chonger's period, "Xu, Ji, Hu, Ji, Luan, Bai, Xian, Yang Tongue, Dong and Han were all officials". Therefore, when Ji Shouman took power in Jin Ligong, he was autocratic in state affairs of the Yi family.
Once, Duke Xiang of Jin went hunting with his ministers, hit a wild boar, and sent someone to deliver it to Duke Xiang of Jin, only to be taken away by Zhang Meng, the imperial secretary prized by Duke Xiang of Jin, and Meng Zhang was killed with an arrow. Jin Xiang Gong Li was very angry because he didn't know what was going on. He said angrily, "Ji Zi bullied Yu! (This old guy bullies me) "So I decided to get rid of Yi clan.
The news that Duke Xiang of Jin wanted to exterminate the nation was soon known to the barbarians. His cousin strongly advocated attacking Duke Xiang of Jin first to save himself, but foolishly thought that he would rather be killed than make an accident.
In the twelfth year of Zhou Jianwang (574 BC), on an afternoon in 65438+February of the lunar calendar, Li Jue, Emperor Wu of the Jin Dynasty, reconciled a group of courtiers who had enemies with their families, such as Luan Shu, Wu and so on. And led the army to destroy one family in 800, which was called "three families destroyed by gold" in history. The centuries-old clan of the Xi family was wiped out, and the bodies of the three families were displayed in court. Shortly after this incident, Jin Ligong was killed by Luan Shu because he was indecisive.
In the event of "Golden Destroying Three Miaos", some descendants of Miao Zhi successfully fled to other vassal countries, so they took the original Miao Zhi as their surname and called it. Later, members of the Wen family moved to Zhenru (now Baoying, Yangzhou, Jiangsu) to avoid disasters, and changed the word "Wen" to homophonic "Wen", which was called Wen.
The third origin: from the surname Jiang. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, people changed their surnames because they took refuge in Lu Bu.
Lu Bu: (A.D.? ~ 198), the word comes first. Wuyuan and Jiuyuan people (now Baotou, Inner Mongolia). A famous military commander in the late Eastern Han Dynasty.
Lyu3 bu4 was good at archery and martial arts, and was named "Flying General". First appointed as the master book of Ding Yuan, the secretariat of Bingzhou (now Taiyuan, Shanxi). Later, he killed Ding Yuan and took refuge in Dong Zhuo. He was promoted to a captain on horseback, and then transferred to a corps commander to seal the capital, Hou Ting. Later, Dong Zhuo beat him with a halberd because of trivial matters, and he held a grudge.
At that time, Stuart Wang Yun intended to punish Dong Zhuo, so he took the opportunity to discuss with Lu Bu, who promised to be the inside man. In the third year of Pingping in the early Han Dynasty (AD 192), Wang Yun used the Weiyang Hall of the Council of Ministers to send Lu Bu and others to assassinate Dong Zhuo in Beiyemen. Lyu3 bu4 took merit as general Wei Fen and conferred Hou Wen.
Dong Zhuo led Li Jue and Guo Si to attack Chang 'an, and Lu Bu fled in defeat. Defected to Yuan Shu, Yuan Shao and other independent governors. He helped Yuan Shao defeat Zhang Yan. Fearing Yuan Shao, he was taken in by Zhang Miao (now Kaifeng, Henan Province) and was ordered to be a shepherd in Yanzhou and stationed in Puyang. Soon after, Cao Cao led an army to attack Lu. Lu Bu was defeated and defected to Liu Bei, a separatist regime in Xuzhou.
At that time, Liu Bei confronted Yuan Shu. Encouraged by Yuan Shu, Lu Bu captured Pi (now Suining, Jiangsu), defeated Liu Bei, and became a shepherd in Xuzhou, so that Liu Bei was stationed in Xiaopei (now Suixi, Anhui). Yuan Shu sent troops to attack Liu Bei. Liu Bei asked Lu Bu for help, and Lu Bu intervened to make the two sides stop fighting.
In the third year of Jian 'an in Han Dynasty (AD 198), Lu Bu defeated Liu Bei and Xiao Pei.
Cao Cao led the army to conquer. Lu Bu was defeated and trapped in Xiapi. He sent someone to Yuan Shu for help, but failed. Lu Bu treated the army badly. Under the siege of Cao Jun, his troops rebelled against Hou Cheng and captured Lu Bu, Chen Gong, Seibel and others to surrender. Lyu3 bu4 begged for surrender and failed, and was killed by Cao Cao.
Among the descendants of Lu Bu, those who take their ancestral names as their surname are called Wen's. His descendant, Ge Wen (A.D. 1006 ~ 1076), was a native of Shicheng, Ganzhou, an educator and bibliophile in the Northern Song Dynasty, and also a pioneer of private education in Hakka areas. Because his school is large in scale, rich in books, rich in teachers, and the students he teaches are brilliant, he is famous in the government and the public, and was named as a "scholar" and "scholar" by Song Renzong of the current dynasty. At the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, the descendants of Govin wrote a book "Fairy Tales at Sea", which offended Jia Sidao, a powerful official of the dynasty, and the whole family was copied. Some fugitives changed their surnames to homophonic "Wen" to avoid their difficulties, which was passed down from generation to generation.
The fourth origin: from the Jurchen nationality, from the shepherd Wendihan Putin of the Uighur Group in the Jin Dynasty, who took refuge in Chinese and changed his surname.
According to the historical book Biography of the Han Dynasty in the Jin Dynasty, in the fifth year of Jin Dynasty (A.D. 1 160), a great uprising of the Khitans broke out in Zhou Huan, Xijing Road (now Zhenglan Banner, Xilin Gol, Inner Mongolia), led by Saba, a historical translator of Northwest Road.
At that time, the Nuzhen nobleman Wendihan Pujian, who was in charge of animal husbandry in the Uighur tribe in Liaoyang area, was a herder. After the Saba Uprising, Wendi Han Pujian ordered his slaves and soldiers to be armed and guarded at all times in order to guard against the reaction of his Khitans. So the Khitan herdsmen cleverly lied to the slaves and soldiers and said, "We will send troops to cut the Song Dynasty, and the government will check the weapons. Please lend us your weapons. " The slaves were tricked into lending their weapons to the Khitan herdsmen. So, the Khitans took the opportunity to launch an uprising, and Wendi Khan Pujian had to give in easily.
After the Khitan Rebels captured Wendihan Putin, they asked him, "Would you like to rebel with us?"
Wendihan Putin replied: "My family comes from great kindness, and my son and nephew are both officials. We can't tire my family from you. " As a result, Wendihan Putin was immediately put to death by the rebel army Ling Chi, and his descendants were also killed.
Some descendants of Wendi Han took the Chinese homonym of their surnames as "Wen", while China's surnames were single surnames.
Three. Migration distribution:
Today, there are Wen clan relatives in Huainan, Anhui, Wushenqi, Inner Mongolia, Weichang, Hebei, Huixian, Gansu, Yuyao, Zhejiang, Fenyang, Shanxi and Jiaocheng.
2. County HallNo.:
1. Hope County:
Dongguan County: There was Dongguan County in the Western Han Dynasty, which is located in Yishui, Shandong Province. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty and the early years of Jian 'an (AD 185), Chengyang County was divided into Langya County and Qi County, and now it is located in the northeast of Yishui County, Shandong Province, leading eight counties.
Lujiang County: Jiujiang County in Qin Dynasty, Lujiang County as part of Chu and Han Dynasties, and Shu in Han Dynasty. Lujiang County was established in the early Sui Dynasty, which was governed by Shu (now Lujiang, Anhui Province) and later by Lujiang, north of the Yangtze River in Anhui Province.
Liaodong County: In the history of China, the title "Liaodong" has four meanings: ① County and country name. During the Warring States Period, the county was established in Yan State, and Xiangping (now Liaoyang, Liaoning Province) was the seat of contact. At that time, the jurisdiction was in the east of Daling River in Liaoning Province. During the western Jin dynasty, it was changed to a country; During the Sixteen Kingdoms period, Houyan entered Donghai County; During the Northern Yan Dynasty, Liaodong County was re-established in western Liaoning Province. Beiqi was deposed; By the time of the Emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Liaodong and Liaoxi counties were located in Liaodong and ruled by Changli (now Yixian). At that time, it was located in the middle and lower reaches of Daling River in western Liaoning. During the Three Kingdoms period, Cao Wei was changed to Changli County. (2) the name of the company. In the fourth year of Ming Hongwu (A.D. 137 1), a captain of Liao was set up, and in the eighth year of Ming Hongwu (A.D. 1375), it was changed to the headquarters of Liaodong, located in Liao Zhongwei (now Liaoyang, Liaoning), which was then under the jurisdiction of most parts of Liaoning Province. In the late period of self-evident orthodoxy, the families of Wuliangha moved south and gradually lost the Liaohe River set (now on both sides of the middle reaches of Liaohe River); From the first year of tomorrow (A.D. 162 1) to the fifteenth year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1642), the whole territory was annexed by the late Jin Dynasty (Qing Dynasty). (3) The name of the military town, one of the "Nine Borders" of the Ming Dynasty, is equivalent to the jurisdiction of the Dusi in Liaodong, mainly guarding the company commanders of Guangning (now Beizhen, Liaoning), and moved to Liaoyang (now Liaoyang, Liaoning) in the winter of the first year of Qin Long (A.D. 1567); Was deposed in the late Ming Dynasty. (4) The name of the area generally refers to the area east of Liaohe River.
Taiyuan House: Also known as Taiyuan County. During the Warring States Period, King Xiang of the State of Qin established a county in 246 BC and ruled Jinyang (now Taiyuan, Shanxi). At that time, his jurisdiction was Wutai Mountain, southern Guancen Mountain and northern Huoshan Mountain in Shanxi Province.
Xiangzhou: Also known as Xiangcheng County. During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the Northern Wei Dynasty set up four counties in the county, namely, Zhongli, Xiangcheng, Yang Chen and Shima, which belonged to Zhou Nanxiang, Xihua 'an and Xiangcheng respectively. Now Chengguan Town was governed by the county at that time, and later by the state. Governance is located in Xiangcheng (now Xiangcheng, Henan).
Tancheng County: Also known as Donghai County, Haizhou County and Tancheng County.
Xiangyang county: Xiangyang and Fancheng, which are called by the government. Fancheng was named after Feng Zhongshanfu (Fan Muzhong) here, and Xiangyang was named after the grandson of Xiangshui (now South Canal).
Baoying County: During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Baoying was called Anyi in ancient times, which belonged to the State of Wu first and then to the State of Yue. Dongyang County was built in the Qin Dynasty and belongs to Donghai County. The Han Dynasty was divided into Dongyang, Ping 'an and Sheyang counties, which successively belonged to Linhuai County and Guangling County.
Zhou Huan: Zhou Huan is a military town in the northwest border of Jin State. The city site is Zhenglan Banner of Xilin Gol League in Inner Mongolia, commonly known as Silang City. In order to fight against the southward advance of Mongolian troops, the State of Jin dug trenches in the northern border area, sent troops to build castles along the trenches, and set up three recruiting departments along the line: Northeast Road Recruiting Department, Northwest Road Recruiting Department and Southwest Road Recruiting Department.
2. Hall number:
Lujiang Guild Hall: Building Guild Hall with Hope.