I. Limited liability companies
A limited liability company (hereinafter referred to as a limited company) refers to an economic organization registered in accordance with the Regulations of the People's Republic of China on the Administration of Company Registration, which is established by shareholders with less than 50 employees. Each shareholder shall bear limited liability to the company with the amount of capital subscribed, and the company shall be liable for its debts with all its assets. Limited liability companies include wholly state-owned companies and other limited liability companies. The term "limited liability company" as mentioned in the Company Law refers to a company established within the territory of China, and the shareholders of the company are liable to the company to the extent of their subscribed capital contribution.
Limited liability companies and shares are characterized by:
(1) All shareholders bear limited liability to the company. No matter in a limited liability company or a joint stock limited company, shareholders bear limited liability to the company, and the scope of "limited liability" is limited to the capital contribution of the shareholder company.
(2) Shareholders' property is separated from the company's property. After shareholders invest in the company, the property constitutes the company's property, and shareholders no longer directly control and dominate this part of the property. At the same time, the company's property has nothing to do with other properties of the company that shareholders have not invested in. Even if the company is insolvent, shareholders will only be responsible for their investment in the company and will not bear other responsibilities.
(3) Limited liability companies and joint stock limited companies are responsible for all assets of the company. In other words, the company only undertakes limited liability externally, and the scope of "limited liability" is all assets of the company. In addition, the company no longer undertakes other property liabilities.
2. Investment or holding by natural persons
The investment or holding of a natural person is private. Natural person investment or holding means that the company is funded by natural persons, not by the state or other units, and is a private enterprise.
According to the company law, the shareholders of a limited liability company are liable to the company to the extent of their subscribed capital contribution; Shareholders of a joint stock limited company shall be liable to the company to the extent of the shares subscribed by them.
Limited liability company (natural person investment or holding) means that the controlling shareholder of the company is a natural person, not a legal person. This change is based on the change of the type of controlling shareholder and is a special explanation of the type of controlling shareholder.
A company is established with the contribution of shareholders, who may be natural persons, legal persons, unincorporated organizations or countries. According to the different shareholders and their contribution ratio, companies can be divided into many types, such as wholly-owned legal persons invested or controlled by non-natural persons, wholly-owned natural persons and wholly-owned state-owned companies. Among them, the natural person's investment or holding shows that the company belongs to a private company, the main shareholder is a natural person, and the unincorporated person, unincorporated organization or country.