From 65438 to 0972, China began to receive domestic titanium fans and titanium alloy products, and more than 20 hospitals such as beijing jishuitan hospital successively received titanium and titanium alloy artificial bones and joints for clinical treatment and research, and manufactured hip joints, elbow joints and mandibles for clinical treatment of patients. At the same time, the simulated body fluid immersion, electrochemical anodic oxidation and erosion kinetics curves measured by Huashan Hospital and Shanghai Metallurgical Research Institute prove that white titanium and titanium alloy artificial bones and joints have excellent erosion resistance and little biological reaction when used in human body, and are ideal human implants. The Department of Biology of Fudan University and the Human Psychology Research Group of Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital have measured the mechanical function of human bones and critical points, and found that the strength of titanium and titanium alloys can meet the requirements of human implants.
Domestic research and a large number of clinical treatment examples have recognized that titanium coils and titanium alloys are the most ideal metal materials for human implants so far, and they are listed as the third generation metals after stainless steel and cobalt-based alloys in medical surgery industry.
Since the mid-1980s, titanium and titanium alloy processing materials used to manufacture human implants have been increasing in China, among which the development and application of titanium shape memory alloy have reached the international advanced level. By the mid-1990s, domestic titanium and titanium alloy processing materials were widely used in orthopedic surgery, neurosurgery, cardiovascular system, oral and maxillofacial surgery, external machines and other fields. In recent five years, a number of enterprises such as Tianjin Weiman Biomaterials Co., Ltd. and Beijing Osbury New Technology Co., Ltd. have become manufacturers of titanium and stainless steel implants. Hundreds of titanium and titanium alloy metal parts, such as femoral head, hip joint, humerus, skull, knee joint, elbow joint, shoulder joint, metacarpal joint, jaw, cardiac diaphragm, renal diaphragm, vascular dilator, splint, prosthesis, fastening screws, etc., have been transplanted into human body, which has achieved exquisite results and is highly praised by the medical community.
Human implants are special functional materials closely related to human life and health. Compared with other metal materials, manipulating titanium and titanium alloys has six advantages: 1, light weight; 2. Low elastic modulus; 3. No magnetism; 4, non-toxic; 5. Corrosion resistance; 6. High strength and good toughness.
Titanium and titanium alloys have excellent handling characteristics and are recognized as excellent metal materials in biomedical scale by the whole country. Compared with stainless steel, cobalt-based alloy and other metal materials, it has great application advantages and development space.
The number of metallic materials used as human implants is gradually increasing. After 1990, there are more than 2 million metal parts used for human implantation every year in the United States alone, of which the femoral part accounts for 2.5%; The demand and supply of external stable products and internal stable products are booming in the European market, mainly in France, Germany, Italy and Britain. In 2004, the market price reached US$ 280 million, of which internal stable products accounted for 85.7%. In the past 10 years, the market growth rate of biomedical materials and products has been linked to 20% ~ 25%. Looking forward to the future 10 ~ 15 years, medical tools including biomedical materials will develop rapidly, and will reach economies of scale and become a pillar industry of the national economy.
The advantages of medical titanium and titanium alloy materials have been recognized by the medical community and taken by more and more patients. Considering the state of war, work trauma and human promotion, titanium and titanium alloys are the first choice for human implants, which will inevitably become a new economic growth point for titanium application and development.