The consolidation of internal and external accounts of enterprises, especially in the initial stage of consolidation, is not simply the addition of internal and external accounts or the addition of all the data of internal accounts, but the reshaping of business flow and capital flow. At this time, we should understand that there are several business closed loops in the enterprise, such as: circular sales and collection cycle, procurement and payment cycle, production and expense cycle, financing and investment cycle.
These links are full of the whole entity operation of the enterprise. Before the merger, we must first unify an accounting standard, so as to unify a business process and lay a good foundation for the integration of multiple accounts.
1. The sales and collection cycle includes exchanging goods or services with customers, receiving cash income and other related business activities.
In the credit sales mode, the sales and collection business processes mainly include: processing customer orders, approving credit sales, delivering goods, issuing sales invoices, recording sales and collection business, regularly reconciling and collecting money, approving sales returns and discounts, and approving bad debt write-off.
Normal procedure: order (purchase order)-> Sales Order)-& gt；; Approve credit sale-> Delivery->; Shipping (bill of lading)-> Invoicing (sales invoice)-> Accounting.
Important vouchers and records used in a typical sales and collection business cycle include: customer purchase orders, sales orders, sales contracts, consignment notes, sales invoices, product price lists, credit notices, main business income ledgers, accounts receivable ledgers, customer statements, sales return and discount journals or ledgers, collection vouchers, cash and deposit journals, and bad debt approval forms.
Operation of K Company before rectification: some businesses are legal and compliant, some businesses are falsely invoiced, and some businesses are not invoiced.
Before the rectification, the financial situation of company K was not standardized: the part of company K's false invoice was recorded in the external account, but not in the internal account; For the part that has not been invoiced, the external account is not recorded, and the internal account is regarded as income. Its corresponding business process: ordering (purchase order a)->; A doesn't need an invoice, so invoice B- > Sales Order (Sales Order A)- > Approval of Credit Sale a- > Delivery a- > Delivery (Bill of Lading A)- > Invoicing (Sales Invoice b)- > External Account B and Internal Account A.