Please see the following information for details.
The basic concept and scope of IT.
It actually has three levels: the first level is hardware, which mainly refers to the host computer and network communication equipment used for data storage, processing and transmission; The second layer refers to software, including all kinds of software that can be used to collect, store, retrieve, analyze, apply and evaluate information. Including ERP (enterprise resource planning), CRM (customer relationship management), SCM (supply chain management) and other business management software, as well as WF (workflow) management software to strengthen process management and DW/DM (data warehouse and data mining) to assist analysis. The third layer refers to the application, which refers to the collection, storage, retrieval, analysis, application, evaluation and use of all kinds of information, including the application of ERP, CRM, SCM and other software to directly assist decision-making, and also including the use of other decision-making analysis models or the use of DW/DM and other technical means to further improve the analysis quality and assist decision-makers to make decisions (to emphasize one point, it only assists rather than replaces people's decisions). Some people understand that it combines the first two layers into one, which refers to the storage, processing and transmission of information, while the latter refers to the application of information; Some people combine the last two layers into one, which is divided into hard front and soft back. Usually, the third layer has not been paid enough attention, but in fact, only when information is effectively applied can its value be fully exerted and the goal of informatization be truly realized. Informatization is not an end in itself, but a better means to achieve the goal in the current era background.
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IT classification /question/2268509.html
GICS (Global Industry Classification Standard) was jointly issued by Morgan Stanley and Standard & Poor's on 1999. Morgan Stanley and Standard & Poor's are both advanced financial investment companies in the United States, and the most developed area of information technology industry in the world is also in the United States. Therefore, the "Global Industry Classification Standard" issued by the two companies in 1999 has classified and divided the information technology industry in detail, which is one of the most important references for Internet laboratories to formulate the classification standard for IT listed companies. The following are the industry classifications related to the information technology industry in this standard:
Chart 1-2 is taken from the global industry classification standard.
Categories and descriptions of categories and subclasses in categories
45 information technology 45 10 software and services 4510/065438 internet software and services 45 1065438 companies engaged in developing and selling internet software and/or providing internet services, including online databases and interactive services, internet address registration services, database establishment and internet design services.
45 1020 IT Consulting and Services 45 1020 10 IT Consulting and Services in Data Processing Services and Internet Software &; Information technology service providers not classified in services, including information technology consulting and information management services.
45 1030 Software 45 1030 10 Application Software A company that designs, develops and produces professional application software for commercial or consumer markets, including enterprise, technology and entertainment software. Companies that do not include production systems or database management software.
45 103020 System Software Company is engaged in developing production system and database management software.
4520 technical hardware and equipment 4520 10 communication equipment 4520 1065438 network equipment computer network equipment product manufacturer, including local area network, wide area network and routing equipment.
4520 1020 Telecommunication equipment manufacturing, including telephones, switches and switches. Enterprises that do not include network equipment.
452020 computer &; Peripheral equipment 452020 10 Computer hardware Manufacturers of personal computers, servers, mainframes and workstations, including automatic teller machines (ATMs), excluding photocopiers, fax machines and related products.
45202020 Computer storage &; Peripherals Manufacturers of electronic computer components and peripherals, including data storage devices, motherboards, graphics and sound cards, monitors, keyboards, printers and other peripherals. Excluding semiconductor equipment
452030 Electronic Equipment and Devices 452030 10 Electronic Equipment and Devices Production and/or distribution of electronic equipment or components. Including electronic analysis, test and measurement tools, electronic components and other unclassified connecting devices and equipment.
452040 Office Electronic Supplies 452040 10 Office Electronic Supplies Office Electronic Equipment Manufacturer, including photocopiers and fax machines.
452050 semiconductor equipment and products 452050 10 semiconductor equipment manufacturer
45205020 production of semiconductors and related products
50 Telecommunication Services 50 10 Telecommunication Services 5010 Various Telecommunication Services 50 10 10 Data conversion mainly provides communication and high-density data transmission services through high-speed broadband or optical fiber networks.
50 10 1020 Integrated communication services are mainly fixed communication network operators and companies that provide both wireless and fixed network communication services.
50 1020 wireless communication service 50 1020 10 wireless communication service provider, including call service.
Source: Global Industry Classification Standard.
1. 1.2 domestic classification standard
L China's current national economic industry classification standard is the national statistical bureau 1994, which was revised in May 2002. The new national economic industry classification standard will be officially put into use on June 65438+1 October1. The new standard adds the category of "information transmission, computer service and software industry", which is divided into three categories, namely 10 medium category and 14 small category. Due to the limited data at present, we still adopt the national economic industry classification standard GB/T4754-94. The following are the classifications related to IT industry in this standard:
Chart 1-3 is taken from the national economic industry classification standard.
The information chemical manufacturing industry includes the production of photosensitive materials, magnetic recording materials, electronic materials and auxiliary materials for optical fiber communication, such as photosensitive films, magnetic tapes, magnetic disks, phosphors and liquid crystal materials.
Transmission equipment manufacturing industry includes carrier equipment, microwave equipment, wireless equipment and satellite communication equipment.
The switching equipment manufacturing industry includes the manufacturing of long-distance telephone switching equipment, local telephone switching equipment, data switching equipment and telegraph switching equipment.
Communication terminal equipment manufacturing industry
Other communication equipment manufacturing industry
The whole computer manufacturing industry includes the manufacture of large, small and micro computers, excluding the manufacture of electronic calculators.
The external equipment manufacturing industry of electronic computers includes the manufacturing of various external equipment and peripheral interface equipment such as output, input, drawing and tabulation.
The manufacture of electric vacuum devices includes the manufacture of various electron tubes.
The manufacture of televisions, video recorders and cameras includes the manufacture of various color televisions, black and white televisions, video recorders and cameras, and the manufacture of all-in-one cameras is also included in this category.
Radio and tape recorder manufacturing includes the manufacture of various radios, tape recorders and stereos. The manufacture of record players and loudspeakers is also included in this category.
Electronic calculator manufacturing industry includes the manufacture of pocket electronic calculators and desktop calculators.
Electronic equipment and communication equipment repair industry
Communication equipment maintenance industry
Telecommunication industry includes telephone, telegraph, mobile communication, wireless paging, data transmission, fax, satellite communication and other telecommunication services and telecommunication transmission activities (such as line service, microwave terminal system unit, etc.). ).
Software development consulting industry includes all kinds of computer software development and consulting activities.
The data processing industry includes various data processing and tabulation activities.
Database services include database development, data storage, database maintenance, network services and external consulting services.
Computer equipment maintenance consulting industry includes the maintenance and simple repair of computer main equipment and peripheral equipment, as well as the type and configuration consultation of hardware and related software.
Source: National Economic Industry Classification Standard
L The Guidance on Industry Classification of Listed Companies promulgated and implemented by China Securities Regulatory Commission aims to carry out statistics, analysis and other related work for all relevant units and departments in the securities industry and guide the industry classification of listed companies. This standard specifies the principles, coding methods, framework and operation and maintenance system of listed companies. Among them, the categories related to the information technology industry are as follows:
Chart 1-4 Excerpt from Industry Classification Standard of Guidelines for Industry Classification of Listed Companies
Information technology industry
G8 1 Communication and related equipment manufacturing industry
G8 10 1 Communication Equipment Manufacturing Industry
G8 1 10 Radar Manufacturing Industry
G8 1 15 Radio and Television Equipment Manufacturing Industry
G8 120 Communication Equipment Maintenance Industry
G83 computer and related equipment manufacturing industry
G830 1 computer manufacturing industry
G83 10 Computer Related Equipment Manufacturing Industry
G8335 Computer Maintenance Industry
G85 communication service industry
G850 1 Telecom Service Industry
G8599 Other communication service industries
G87 computer application service industry
G870 1 Computer Software Development and Consultation
Development, Maintenance and Consultation of G8705 Computer Network
G87 10 Computer Equipment Maintenance Consulting Industry
G8799 Other computer application service industries