What is a local area network? It refers to a group of computers interconnected in a certain area. Generally speaking, it is only a few kilometers away from Fiona Fang. LAN can realize file management, application software sharing, printer sharing, workgroup scheduling, e-mail and fax communication services and other functions. LAN is a closed type, which can be composed of two computers in an office or thousands of computers in a company.
Characteristics of local area network
1, covering a small area, only in relatively independent local areas, such as schools or factories;
2. Using specially paved transmission media for networking, the data transmission rate is high (10mb/s ~10gb/s);
3. Short communication delay time and high reliability;
4, can support a variety of transmission media;
Local area network is closed, which can be composed of two computers in the office or thousands of computers in a company.
Composition of local area network
1, select the network type (token ring network, ATM, Ethernet);
2. Select transmission medium, network equipment, server, client and network card (hardware);
3. Select network operating system (Netware, UNIX, WindowsNT), data backup software, network management system, network antivirus software, client operating system, etc.
How does the company establish a local area network and an enterprise network with less than 10 people?
Companies with less than 10 employees generally have low demand for network applications. Because the number of employees is small, there is basically no need to divide VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network), so it is enough to choose multi-port switches.
10 employees-100 employees' enterprises need routing function and subnetting.
To meet this demand, the configuration of router+switch is generally suitable. Routers provide the link between internal network and external network, the division of VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network) and the configuration of various firewall and routing functions. One end of the switch is connected to the router as a subnet, and the other end links the terminals in the subnet. Divide several subnets, and then connect several switches from the route. At present, the popular enterprise LAN generally chooses tree topology (expansion of star topology).
/kloc-enterprises with 0/00 to 500 employees, pay attention to the internal network speed.
In order to meet this demand, the scheme of three-layer switch+layer 2 switches is generally adopted. As the core of the network, the Layer 3 switch provides network configuration, division and data exchange among VLANs, and each VLAN consists of layer 2 switches. For the choice of network backbone equipment, it is suggested that the network backbone equipment or core layer equipment choose high-performance backbone switches with layer 3 switching function. If the LAN backbone is required to have high reliability and high availability, the redundancy and hot backup scheme design of the core switch should also be considered. The type of network equipment in convergence layer or access layer is usually ordinary switches, and the performance and number of switches are determined by the number of computers accessing the network and the network topology.
Tree topology has the following advantages: 1, which is easy to diagnose faults; It is easy to upgrade the network. Its structure is as follows:
Company LAN broadband demand
Generally speaking, 100 Gigabit Ethernet should be able to meet the company's data traffic. If there is a forward-looking choice, Gigabit Ethernet is needed.
Selection of broadband router for LAN equipment
Broadband router has two functions, one is to connect different networks, and the other is to select information transmission lines, which is the best solution for * * * to enjoy broadband connection. And with the advantages of ease of use, easy management and zero maintenance, it has become the first choice for Internet access.
switchboard
Switch is the follow-up product of hub, and its speed and function are incomparable to hub. Its main function is to realize the interconnection of multiple computers. Generally speaking, 5-port and 8-port switches are the first choice.
Network card/cable
Network card is also called NIC, which means network interface card. Its function is to decompose data into data packets and then send them to the network. At present, there are mainly PCI interface network cards on the market. In terms of network cable, more than five types of twisted pair are generally selected. PCI network card (common desktop), PCMCIA network card (notebook).
repeater
Because there is a certain transmission distance between network nodes, the signal carrying information in the network will affect the data integrity due to attenuation or noise interference after a fixed distance, thus affecting the correct reception and identification of receiving nodes, so it is often necessary to use repeaters.
bridge
As a store-and-forward device, the bridge is used to connect the same type of LAN. The bridge sends the data frame to the data link layer for error checking, then to the physical layer, and then to another subnet or network segment through the physical transmission medium.
door
Gateway, also known as Internet Protocol Converter, is a more complex network interconnection device than using bridges and routers, which realizes the interconnection between networks with different communication protocols, including networks using different network operating systems.
What is an enterprise LAN device >>
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That is to say, one of the computers is connected with ADSLModem, and then directly connected with another computer through the network card. If this connection is adopted, it is necessary to set up an Internet proxy on a computer with broadband access, such as installing proxy software such as wingate, so as to realize two computers accessing the Internet. This is the cheapest network.
Broadband router+network card+computer
This method is mainly used when there are not many computers. The specific connection methods are: ADSL broadband cable connects ADSLModem, direct twisted pair connects Modem and router, and other computers connect routers with cross twisted pair.
Broadband router+switch+network card+computer
Use this method when the * * * computer is larger than the switching port of the broadband router. At this time, you need the help of the switch. Choose the switch of the corresponding port according to the number of computers. All * * computers are connected to the switch first, and then connected to the broadband router through the switch to realize * * * Internet access.
Switch+network card+computer
If your ADSLModem comes with broadband routing function, you can omit the router. The connection mode is: the LAN port of ADSLModem is connected with any port of the switch through twisted pair, and then each computer is connected with the rest ports of the switch respectively.
Company network integrated wiring scheme >>
How to set up WLAN 1 and connect the main input port and network port of wireless router with network cable; Connect the other output port to the host.
2. Open the browser of the computer, enter the word "tplogin.cn" in the URL input field, and click Enter to enter the wireless router setting interface. In this interface, if you log in for the first time, you need to set the administrator password. If it's not the first time, just enter the administrator password directly.
3. After entering the setting interface, the system will directly jump to the "Setting Wizard" interface, and we only need to click the "Next" button in the lower right corner.
4. Then set the Internet access mode, and select the options recommended by the system according to the recommendations; After selecting, click the "Next" button in the lower right corner.
5. Dial-up networking, enter the Internet account number and password in the input field, and then click the "Next" button.
6. Set the wireless network, and enter the name of the wireless network you want to set in the "SSID" column; Just enter the login password of the wireless network in the "PSK" column.
How to set up LAN * * * Sharing Step 1: Set up LAN * * * Sharing.
In order to determine the address information of the computer in the LAN, it is necessary to set the user name of the computer for easy searching. Open the computer network and select * * * Enjoy Center-Advanced * * * Enjoy Settings-Guest or Public (current profile) to enable network discovery.
Set computer fixed IP instead of dynamic IP, and other computers in the enterprise can find the * * * shared location of the computer through IP. Open the control panel-Network and Internet-Network Connection-Select the right-click property of Ethernet, and double-click Internet Protocol Version 4 to change the custom IP to fixed IP. The IP network segment is set by the router. The operation is as follows.
Setting this machine needs to enjoy the local disk properties of * * *. Take disk E as an example, right-click the attribute, click * * * to enjoy the advanced * * * inside, and add disk E as * * * to enjoy the details. The operation is as follows:
Use other computers to access the LAN * * * to test whether the computer's address can be linked. Enter the IP address at the beginning of the operation to see if it is open. If it is open, the configuration is correct and does not need to be modified. If it cannot be opened, please refer to Step 2 to adjust the settings. (the shortcut key Win+R is called, and the ip address just set is entered. The format is:192.168.1.12). The actual operation is as follows:
Step 2: Adjust the settings
Question 1: I can't access it, and I may not have permission to use network resources. This is because the * * * computer has restricted the guest account, so you can delete the guest account.
Question 2: * * * You can enjoy the disk, but you have no right to view and edit it. Use * * * hedonic computer to view the properties of * * * hedonic disk, and uncheck it before reading.
Step 3: Allocate the capacity of * * * shared disk.
1. When installing the system, the computer is assigned four local disks by default, and the other two unnecessary local disks are deleted, thus expanding the disk capacity of * * * *. Enter my computer, click to enter the control panel, open the management tools, and click Computer Management.
2. In Computer Management, click Disk Management in Storage. You can view the basic information of the disk. Right-click a disk to delete two unnecessary disks.
3. Then use the partition tool to expand the * * * disk.
Binding of IP address and MAC address People familiar with the network should know that fixed IP is easy to be attacked, which is not good for the stability of LAN. Therefore, it is best to bind the IP address and MAC address casually when setting up the router to prevent ARP attacks. Click "IP and MAC binding", find "ARP mapping table", and click "Import".
If the router does not have the ARP mapping option, you need to manually enter the MAC address corresponding to the IP address. Click "Start"-"Run"-"cmd" directly on each computer, and enter-enter "ipconfig/all" to get the IP and MAC address of the computer. (shortcut win+R) The specific operation is as follows:
After getting the IP address and MAC address, log in to the router and click "Bind IP and MAC"-"Add a single item"-enter the IP address and MAC address according to the prompt, tick before "Bind", and finally click "OK".
If the enterprise has hundreds of computers, the above method is very heavy, and the network administrator can use network software to assist.
4. Select the network card type (local network card, generally a computer has only one network card, except the server, which is the default), and then click "Start Monitoring".
How to find the MAC address of the network card >>
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It is concluded that whether READ enterprises access the internet through local area network, private line or wireless access technology, there is a problem of how to access the WAN. At present, the obstacle to the development of broadband network construction is not the backbone network. Because the backbone networks of various types of WAN basically adopt optical fiber transmission technology, they generally belong to high-speed transmission systems. The transmission line from the central office to users is often very slow, which is why we often say that the construction of network access infrastructure is the real "bottleneck" that restricts the construction of broadband networks, that is, the "one kilometer problem". Therefore, it is necessary to understand and master the main network access technologies at present, reasonably choose various network access schemes, and set up a scientific, reasonable, practical and economical local area network communication system.