Among these rating agencies, Moody's, Standard & Poor's and Fitch enjoy the highest status, reputation and market share, and they monopolize 90% of the world credit rating market. The rating results of the three major rating agencies are determined by the overall political, economic, social and other macro factors of the rated country, and are adjusted accordingly according to important economic and political events.
In terms of geographical distribution, most of the major national credit rating agencies in the world come from the United States, such as Standard & Poor's and Moody's. Although Europe and Japan have also developed their own independent rating agencies, it is difficult to compete with American credit rating agencies.
As far as China is concerned, in recent years, under the impetus of government departments, four rating agencies recognized by regulatory authorities, such as China Chengxin International, United Credit, Dagong International and Shanghai New Century, have been gradually cultivated, but their businesses are mainly concentrated in domestic industries and companies. At present, the only institution engaged in national credit rating in China is Dagong International Credit Rating Co., Ltd.
Introduction of three major rating agencies
1, Moody's Investors Service Company was established in 1900. 1909 began to rate the sovereignty of 100 countries and issued rating reports. At present, the rating business has involved more than 530 issuers and regions related to sovereign countries, supranational institutions and sub-sovereign entities (among them,
2. Standard & Poor's (Standard &; Poor's) can be traced back to 1860, which was formed by the merger of Poole Publishing Company and Standard Statistics Company. Since 19 16, the national debt rating has been carried out. At present, the national credit rating involves 128 countries and regions around the world.
3. Fitch Ratings was established in 19 13, which is the only European-funded international rating agency and sensitive to emerging markets. In 2000, it entered the China market, and was the first among the three rating companies to enter the China market.
Fitch's share in the world is smaller than the other two, providing credit research reports to more than 65,438+000 countries around the world, and rating foreign currency and local currency debts issued by sovereign governments, which account for the vast majority of the total debts issued by all sovereign countries in the world.
Reference to the above content: Baidu Encyclopedia-the three major rating agencies in the world