Calculation method: contribution/registered capital. For example, with a registered capital of 400,000 yuan and a contribution of 50,000 yuan, the shareholding ratio is 12.5%. 、
Shareholder's shareholding ratio is an index to measure the share of shareholders in the company's shares. The higher the shareholding ratio of shareholders, the higher their rights and interests. The shareholding ratio of shareholders is generally calculated according to the proportion of each shareholder's contribution to the registered capital.
In addition, the shareholding ratio of the company can be calculated according to the proportion agreed by shareholders and the company's articles of association.
Second, the type of equity.
After learning the calculation method of shares, we make a simple analysis of the types of shares. The types of shares are divided into unitary structure, balanced structure, decentralized structure and reasonable structure.
1, unary structure
The unitary ownership structure is a highly centralized ownership structure, with absolute controlling shareholder, more than 50% ownership and absolute control over the company. It is the simplest and original ownership structure.
2. Balanced structure
The types of balanced ownership structure generally include four types of shareholders: founders, employees, investment institutions and the majority of small and medium shareholders. The founder or actual controller is responsible for the company's decision-making, and the employees and management are responsible for the company's operation. Investment institutions mainly play the role of strategic docking, while the majority of small and medium-sized retail investors mainly focus on supervision, which is the most common structure in listed companies at present.
3. Decentralized structure
The decentralized structure means that there is no actual controller, and the maximum shareholding is below 10%. This is the inevitable trend of equity development, that is, the equity structure is constantly dispersed to the public, the former actual controller or founder has become a company executive, and the management right and ownership are separated.
4. Reasonable structure
In developed countries, Japan and Germany mainly hold cross-shareholdings between legal persons, among which investment banks play a very important role; In European and American countries, the ownership structure is highly dispersed, and the founders may hold less shares and most external investors; In China, shares are mainly concentrated in the hands of the state or family, and their participation in the operation and operation of the company is often inconsistent with the interests of the majority of small and medium shareholders.
A reasonable equity structure should be characterized by simple and clear rights and responsibilities, with the actual controller making the final decision, the complementary resources of investors, especially strategic investors, and the participation and supervision of the majority of small and medium-sized investors, forming a structure with clear priorities, clear rights and responsibilities and mutual checks and balances.