Myanmar has eight state-owned agricultural machinery factories and five production and processing lines, including casting production, gear processing, forging processing, spindle processing and metal heat treatment. The main products are walking tractors, power cultivators, lawn mowers, rotary cultivators and threshers. Diesel engines, spindles, gears and other major components are imported from China and Zhejiang Sifang Group, mainly imported and assembled. Now it can produce 3,000 walking tractors and 6,000 power tillers every year, which are uniformly sold by the Agricultural Machinery Bureau to 99 distribution centers across the country, and farmers can buy them by stages. However, it is still far from meeting the needs of the development of agricultural mechanization. There is a great demand for small agricultural machinery and a large number of imports are needed. The Myanmar government exempted the import tariffs on agricultural materials such as agricultural machinery. There are also many private agricultural machinery sales enterprises in Myanmar, among which overseas Chinese companies such as 007, Gooebrother and Yeeshin are large, mainly selling small agricultural machinery from China, India and Japan. The price of China products is dominant, accounting for about 80% of the market.
(II) Overview of the development of Myanmar petrochemical industry
Myanmar Ministry of Energy is the competent department of Myanmar's oil and gas industry. It consists of the Ministry of Planning, Myanmar Oil and Gas Company, Myanmar Petrochemical Company and Myanmar Petroleum Products Trading Company. Myanmar has a history of oil exploitation of 100 years. 1853, the oil from yenangyaung Oilfield began to be exported to Europe, mainly to the central and coastal areas of Myanmar. At present, there are 8 developed oil fields/kloc-0 on land, and 3 natural gas fields have been developed offshore and onshore. The main natural gas fields are Yadana and YeThagoon, with proven reserves of 6.5 trillion and 3.2 trillion cubic feet respectively. South Korea's Daewoo Company, India's ONGC Videsh Co., Ltd. and India's Gael Co., Ltd. have discovered large natural gas fields in offshore blocks A- 1 and A-3 in Rakhine State, with estimated reserves ranging from 5.7 trillion to 10 trillion cubic feet. From 1989 to April 30, 2006, Myanmar has signed 39 product sharing contracts with 24 international oil companies in 43 blocks, with an agreed foreign investment of US$ 2.634 billion, making it the largest industry in Myanmar. The main investors are Korean, Indian, Japanese, Malaysian, Thai, Indonesian, French and China. According to the geological structure of Myanmar, the prospect of oil and gas exploration in Myanmar is promising. There are 14 geological sedimentary basins in Myanmar. Among them, Myanmar Oil and Gas Company has only extensively explored the basins located in the central part of Myanmar, the North Mu region and the Yijiang Delta region, and there are still many places in Myanmar with the possibility of new oil and gas discovery. Myanmar oil and gas company cooperates with foreign companies and is further expanding the scope of cooperation between the two sides. At the same time, relying on our own financial resources, we began to implement onshore oil exploration plans in Indo, Morai Town, a remote real-life province in Myanmar, and Yebomi Village on the Uyo River in Hongmalin Town.
(III) Overview of Myanmar's mineral resources
Myanmar is rich in mineral resources. At present, the main proven mineral resources are copper, lead, zinc, silver, gold, iron, nickel, precious stones and jade, and some of them have been mined in a large area. Among them, copper mines are mainly located in Wangsai, west of Mandalay 105 km, and Lebodong, east of Wang Sai 1 1 km. The products are of high quality and have entered the international market. 1994 Myanmar promulgated the mining law, allowing foreign countries to explore, survey and produce precious stones, metals, industrial mineral raw materials and stones. In the same year, in June+10/October, 5438, the Myanmar government announced that the gold and copper mines monopolized by the state-owned departments in Myanmar were open to foreign investment, and invited 40 mining areas to bid three times in September 1995, September 1996 and September 1997. As of April 30, 2006, there were 58 foreign mining investment projects in Myanmar, with an investment agreement amount of 534.89 million US dollars. Ivanhoe Company of Canada started to invest in the development of copper mines in 1994 and began to produce copper metal in 1997, which is one of the more successful investments.
(IV) Overview of Myanmar's automobile industry
There are three state-owned and public-private automobile assembly plants in Myanmar, namely Myanmar Automobile and Engine Production Company under the Ministry of Second Industry, which assemble and produce large trucks, light vehicles, Mastar jeeps and ZA-2000CC. The joint venture automobile assembly plant of Myanmar Ministry of Second Industry, Myanmar First Private Investment Co., Ltd. (FMI) and Japan Suzuki Company mainly assembles and produces Suzuki minivans; The automobile assembly plants of Myanmar Economic Holding Company and Isuzu Company of Japan mainly assemble and produce pickup trucks with the deadweight of 1 ton. Parts of the above-mentioned automobile manufacturers must be imported, so the scale and quantity of assembly and production are very small. Judging from the domestic automobile industry in Myanmar, most of them are assembly plants. The main components such as engines and bearings are imported from Japan and other countries, and most of the imported parts are second-hand. Some less important parts are produced in Myanmar, such as body and chassis. At present, there are two joint-venture automobile assembly plants in Myanmar, one of which is Mitsubishi Automobile Assembly Plant, which was jointly established by 1998 and Myanmar Ministry of Industry. At the beginning, the registered capital was US$ 6.7 million, with Mitsubishi Corporation of Japan accounting for 65% and Myanmar Ministry of Industry accounting for 35%, with an annual output of 2,000 Mitsubishi vehicles. Since 1998, the total automobile assembly production of this factory has been 1423 station wagons and 2,824 mini trucks, with an average annual output of only 47 1 vehicle, which is far from the production scale. One of the reasons is that it is difficult to apply for approval of imported parts. Myanmar has a population of 54 million, while Yangon has only three cars per 100 population, which is quite different. According to industry insiders, if Myanmar's policy is liberalized, the future prospects of the automobile assembly industry are promising, but only if the policy is further opened.
(V) General situation of household appliances market in Myanmar
Myanmar's domestic household appliances production capacity is weak, only a small number of VCD and TV sets are assembled, and most of the products are imported, mainly from other ASEAN countries and China, Japan and South Korea. Air-conditioning: Japanese and Korean occupied most of the air-conditioning market, but cheap China air-conditioning began to enter the Myanmar market. National, Sanyo, General Motors, Mitsubishi, Sharp, Samsung and LG air conditioners have good quality and high market share. China's products are gradually improving in quality and have advantages in price. Consumers are increasingly inclined to choose new technologies and quality. Nationally, Panasonic has surpassed 20 other brands, accounting for 30% of the local market. Last year, GM's market share dropped from 65,438+05% to 65,438+00%, and the price of one horsepower or two horsepower rose from 270,000 kyats to more than 654,380,000 kyats. Sakura uses Japanese technology to assemble and produce air conditioners in China, which is especially suitable for Myanmar market. Since its launch four months ago, its market share has reached 65,438+00%, with an average price of 260,000 kyats.
(VI) General situation of Myanmar's textile industry development
For a long time, due to various reasons, Myanmar's economic development is slow. In particular, on July 28, 2003, US President Bush signed the Myanmar Freedom and Democracy Act of 2003 and an executive order, imposing severe economic sanctions on the Myanmar government and blocking the entry and exit channels of US dollars. After the signing of this executive order, Myanmar's export industries and enterprises were severely hit, and Myanmar's clothing industry was hit hard. The number of foreign-invested garment enterprises has rapidly decreased from nearly 400 at the beginning to more than 100. In the past, most of these investors came from Taiwan Province Province, Hongkong and other places, and adopted the method of processing with imported materials. Products are mainly underwear and shirts, which are mainly sold to European and American markets. According to the official statistics of Myanmar, the total trade volume of Myanmar in 2004-2005 was US$ 4.9 billion, and the clothing export was only US$ 265.438+06 billion, which was significantly reduced from US$ 327 million in 2003-2004. China's export of textiles to Myanmar is also an important part of bilateral trade. According to the statistics of China Customs, from June to June, 2004, China exported 76.092 million US dollars of textile raw materials and textile products to Myanmar, accounting for 65.438+07.7% of the bilateral trade volume in the same period. On the one hand, the Myanmar government tries to strengthen the hematopoietic function, on the other hand, it encourages foreign investors to invest in the textile industry and encourages the export of textile products. In recent years, enterprises in China have used loans from China to help Myanmar build textile mills in Binpu, Paku and Shalunji, and another enterprise has provided equipment and installed knitting mills. Although some factories have been put into production, they have not yet formed economies of scale.
(VII) Overview of the development of Myanmar's tourism market
Myanmar has beautiful scenery and many places of interest. The main attractions are the world-famous Shwedagon Pagoda in Yangon, Mandalay, the ancient cultural capital, Bagan, the city of thousands of pagodas, and Ebri Beach in Shanduwei. Since 1993, the government has vigorously developed tourism, actively attracted foreign investment and built tourism facilities. At present, there are 469 large and small hotels with 9420 rooms. Famous hotels include Siduna Hotel in Yangon, Inya Lake Hotel, Merchant Hotel, Seaside Hotel, Garden Hotel, Siduna Hotel in Mandalay, Tiri Bisilliat Hotel in Bagan, etc. According to the statistics of Myanmar's Ministry of Population and Immigration, from June 5438 to September 2008, the total number of foreign tourists to Myanmar was 188 and 93 1 respectively, which was 25% lower than the same period in 2007. Most foreign tourists to Myanmar come from Asian countries, with Thailand, China and South Korea leading the way, while other tourists come from the United States, Australia, Britain, Canada, Germany and France. In 2008, the main factors affecting Myanmar's tourism industry were the Myanmar hurricane in May and the global financial crisis that began in the third quarter. Traditionally, the beginning of each year is the golden season for foreign tourists to travel to Myanmar. However, due to the financial crisis, the number of foreign tourists to Myanmar has decreased significantly year-on-year. Some market analysts believe that the possibility of tourism recovery depends on the financial crisis, and it is expected that the impact of the financial crisis on tourism will continue.