Elm is one of the few new varieties of colorful tree species in the world that can be applied across five temperature zones. It is the only new color-leafed tree species suitable for planting trees, irrigation and modeling, and also the only new color-leafed tree species in China that has been granted the protection right of new plant varieties in China, the United States and the European Union. At the same time, Ulmus pumila is the first new color-leafed tree species with independent intellectual property rights in China, which represents that China has reached the world advanced level in the field of golden tree breeding. At present, elm is a new variety with the widest application in China. In more than 30 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities), more than10.3000 townships and10.2000 kilometers long highway street parks have been widely used, and the total industrial output value has exceeded10 billion yuan.
Tree archives
Chinese Golden Leaf' Ulmus pumila, also known as Beautiful Ulmus pumila and Golden Ulmus pumila, was designated as a tree in xinji city, Hebei Province on 20 18. Its golden leaves and bright colors are suitable for both trees and irrigation, and its application forms are diverse. Elm has strong saline-alkali resistance and can grow in soil with salt content below 0.4%. Cold-resistant, can withstand the low temperature of MINUS 43 degrees Celsius; High temperature resistance, when the temperature reaches 38℃, it will not be hurt; The planting area is vast, which can be widely used in urban landscaping, mountain landscape ecological forest and beautiful countryside construction.
Elm leaf
A Dutch breeder praised China like this: "The world looks at China with gold". And this "golden color" refers to a new variety of colored-leaf tree species which is the most widely used in China-China Golden Leaf Ulmus pumila. Its leaves are charming and pleasing, and people love to call her "Beauty Elm" and "Golden Leaf Elm". Because it originated in China, people proudly call it "China Golden Elm". The color of elm is charming and gratifying, and the four seasons are considerable. In the warm and cold March, with the expansion of purple spores, flower buds spit out, leaf buds bloom and clusters of flowers bloom. Then delicate yellow leaves will be born, which will cover the sunshine in early summer and be full of golden eyes. In winter, her graceful tree posture, natural and unrestrained or elegant, handsome or masculine, with fine branches and mist, will fully show a different kind of beauty in the cold air, which can be described as clouds are condensed and jade is frosty.
Nowadays, in more than ten provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in the north of China, you can always see the figure of Ulmus pumila, whether walking in cities or villages, parks, roadsides, green spaces and houses. Some of them are made into bright patterns and color blocks, some become tall and stalwart street trees, and some are made into various and lively plant shapes. In 20 14, Ulmus pumila was selected as the 2 1 plain greening tree species recommended by Beijing Municipal Bureau of Landscaping and Greening. In 20 18, it was designated as xinji city tree in Hebei province.
Division pattern of elm trees in Bayuquan Road, Liaoning Province.
Elm culture rooted in the hearts of China people.
Ulmus pumila culture, represented by Ulmus pumila, is rooted in the indomitable character of the Chinese nation. Elm is a traditional native tree species in China with a long cultural history. Elm symbolizes the meaning of hope and tenacity since ancient times, and is the representative of pastoral culture and frontier fortress culture, which appears in a large number of poems and songs in China. There are many examples of China taking elm as its place name. Since Meng Tian, elm was planted in the northern frontier in ancient times, so it was called "elm plug". Now, yushu city and Guanyu Town in Qinhuangdao are still named after elm.
Elm is full of treasures, its fruit can be eaten, its leaves can be used to make tea, and its bark can be used to make medicine. There is a saying in the Book of Qi Yao Min: "You can plant 1000 hectares of elms and harvest 1000 horses a year". In the face of natural disasters, elm also generously donated its own fruits, leaves and even trees, becoming a "life-saving tree" passed down from mouth to mouth.
Due to the diversity of functions, elm has long been integrated into people's daily production and life, bearing the deep feelings of China people. 1973 during Mexican president echeverria's visit to China, premier Zhou Enlai gave this elm tree as a gift to Juan, a famous Mexican entrepreneur. In 2006, a monument of "Zhou Enlai Elm Avenue" was erected in Mexico City. The elm culture handed down from ancient times is deeply rooted in the hearts of China people in the middle of every day.
"Golden branches and jade leaves" means happiness and hope.
Yellow, the noblest color in historical records, is the skin color of the descendants of the Yellow Emperor, which is not only an honor, but also the feelings of the Chinese nation for the yellow land under the background of agricultural civilization. In modern chromatography, yellow is one of the four psychological primary colors. Psychology thinks it is the happiest color, which symbolizes hope and injects optimism and energy into the environment. For example, 75% of pencils sold in the United States are yellow in appearance.
In previous surveys, Ulmus pumila is the most pleasant tree species among more than 20 species, such as Sophora japonica and Platanus acerifolia, which gives people a feeling of brilliance, gentleness, brightness and happiness. In recent years, many poets have been moved by the refreshing golden color of Jin Yeyu, and have written poems and lyrics to express their love and happiness. For example, "the environment is beautiful and the meaning is long." "The green leaves become beautiful at close range, and the yellow flowers are scattered at a distance." Everyone likes their eyes, and the four seasons are full of spring. "Golden-leafed elms also irrigate bright red and green landscapes." "The new recruits in landscaping are barren, cold and dry, and the seedlings are in demand every year." "Birds are singing at the top of elm trees, and it is suspected that wintersweet is beautiful, bees are drunk in yellow flowers, and honey is less." "The golden branches are swaying with beautiful colors, elegant and dignified. When I was a child, I only thought that money was sweet. How could delicate leaves be golden? " Behind these poems, they all represent people's recognition and love for gold.
Ulmus jinye flower and fruit bud leaves
China people's own colorful trees.
Jinye Ulmus pumila is the first new colorful Ulmus pumila variety with independent intellectual property rights cultivated by the research team of Hebei Academy of Forestry 10 for many years. It fills the gap that there are no tall yellow-leafed landscape trees in the north of China, obtains the right of new plant varieties from China, the United States and the European Union, and is introduced by Germany, the Netherlands, Russia, Ukraine and other countries, forming a high recognition of China's virgin forest breeding in the world.
More than a decade ago, most of the colorful tree species used in China were imported from abroad. For example, Acer truncatum, Photinia rubra, spruce and other varieties. All these have caused the introduction upsurge of seedlings in China. What's more, countries all over the world have used China's abundant wild resources to cultivate new varieties with their own characteristics, and then sold them to China, but the domestic greening industry can't refuse, because we don't have comparable colorful trees. Until the successful creation of Ulmus pumila in 2004, China reached the world advanced level in the field of golden tree variety breeding. Then, under its influence, domestic color-leafed plant breeding began to flourish, and many domestic excellent color-leafed new varieties began to appear in the front line of landscaping, which made the number of new forest tree varieties cultivated in China in recent years exceed that in the past ten years. This also makes China people see the hope of cultivating native plants into new varieties of colorful plants.
It can be said that from the moment Jin went abroad, we could stand up and proudly say "This is China people's own colorful tree", and importing is no longer the only choice for planting colorful tree species.
Thousands of families have become rich "Huang Jinshu"
At present, elm has developed into the dominant tree species in urban greening, and has been widely used in street parks and green spaces in more than 30 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities),1more than 3,000 towns and120,000 kilometers of expressways, becoming an important tree species in plain afforestation, mountain greening and rural construction, and making outstanding contributions to the construction of "beautiful China".
In 2008-20 14, golden leaffish set off a production boom in the industry, from scion to plant, which became a "cornucopia" for Miao farmers to get rich. A Miao farmer in Dingzhou said: "Many farmers got rid of poverty and became rich because of Jin Yuye. Children don't have to worry about going to school, and it is easy to build a house and marry a wife." According to the relevant person in charge of a professional nursery stock cooperative in Shandong Province, after obtaining the production authorization of golden leaf fish, its team established demonstration sites in more than ten provinces and cities such as Tianjin Binhai New Area, Fujian Nanping, Jiangning, Jiangsu Nanjing, He Lin, Liaoyang, Inner Mongolia, Liaoning, and planted 13 10 mu in the mode of "science and technology correspondent+cooperative+farmer+investor". In the nursery stock producing area of Northeast China, almost every household grows elms, which are used for rural road greening.
At present, elm industry has developed into a characteristic forestry pillar industry covering variety cultivation, seedling breeding, seedling intermediary, rootstock cultivation and engineering seedling raising. According to incomplete statistics, its total industrial output value has reached tens of billions of yuan, covering northern China and tens of thousands of enterprises, bringing wealth to nearly 100,000 Miao farmers and making important contributions to national economic construction.
white elm
Beautiful China building good materials.
Since 2007, the Jinyeyu Project Team of Hebei Academy of Forestry began to arrange regional test sites nationwide. The results show that Ulmus pumila grows in Mohe River in Heilongjiang in the north, Chongming Island in Shanghai in the east, Hotan in Xinjiang in the west and Haikou in Hainan in the south. The soil with a low temperature of -43℃ and a total salt content of less than 0.4% has strong adaptability to arid climate, and has become one of the few new varieties of color-leafed forest that can be applied across five temperature zones in China and even in the world. At the same time, the elm trees with axial branches have good wind-proof and sand-fixing ability. It can grow in areas with large exposed rock surface and arid and barren mountainous areas, and has strong saline-alkali resistance, which can be widely used in coastal areas.
In the Three North and Coastal Areas, the "Golden Avenue", "Golden Pattern" and "Golden Hedgerow" constructed by Ulmus pumila effectively enriched the local urban color, ended the history that there were no foliage trees in the cold, arid, saline-alkali areas and mountainous areas in China, and made the "red, yellow and green" leaf landscape that was originally only available in North China and South China complement each other in the vast northeast and northwest regions.
Now, when it comes to the "guards" stationed in Gobi, people no longer only think of Populus euphratica. Golden elm has gradually become the main force of desert greening in northwest China. The "golden guardian" hidden in the sand turned the "mysterious yellow world" written by San Mao into a "half city, half tree and half tower" south of the Great Wall.
Elm grows rapidly with dense branches and has very high pruning resistance. It can be cultivated into trees, shrubs, craft shapes and other seedling types, and can be used in urban and rural roads, park squares, street green spaces, residential courtyards, roof greening, barren hills greening and other projects. At the same time, elm is a natural "air purifier" because of its good dust retention and oxygen release ability. In addition, the leaves, fruits and bark of elm are edible and nutritious. If planted in earthquake prevention and disaster reduction areas and urban emergency squares, it can not only beautify the environment, but more importantly, it can be used as a food reserve for emergency rescue.
Plants and trees are long, and spring mountains can be expected. With the deepening of greening construction in China, the main battlefield of greening has gradually shifted from the city to the countryside and from the east to the west. The stress-resistant landscape tree species represented by Ulmus pumila is the time to exert its strength.