1. Clear financial system: large enterprises have a complete financial system, so banks can clearly grasp the actual operating conditions and sales of enterprises, while small and medium-sized enterprises are in financial chaos, many of which are family-managed, so banks cannot judge whether the loan purpose matches the company's operating income. If it is saturated, ordinary banks will not issue loans to SMEs.
2. Industry restrictions: there are also industry restrictions for enterprises to apply for loans. If small and medium-sized enterprises belong to industries with high pollution, high energy consumption and e-commerce, loans will be more difficult to pass.
3. Insufficient credit: At present, when banks issue corporate loans, most enterprises are required to be Class A credit companies. If it does not meet the requirements, the bank will push it to the loan company. Although loans can also be made, the commission, handling fee and interest will be much higher, which is often unbearable for SMEs.
4. Mortgaged assets: Large enterprises generally have high-quality mortgaged assets with strong anti-risk ability. Even if it is difficult to pay, they can "offset" the risk through a series of ways, such as debt-to-equity swaps and borrowing new ones to repay old ones. Banks are willing to lend to large enterprises because the risk is low.
Second, the bank loan process of large enterprises?
Introduce the circulation of ICBC: 1. First of all, you need to apply for a loan with the borrower's basic information (loan type, purpose, term, etc. ) .2. The bank staff will evaluate the credit rating according to the borrower's situation and determine the credit line of the loan. 3 bank staff according to the borrower's credit situation, the borrower's loan application for review, in line with the loan conditions, to the borrower loans. The above introduction is relatively simple. In practice, according to the requirements of the general principles of loans, borrowers need to submit some specific information, because the requirements of each bank are different, so some are more than others. In addition, in the process of credit rating, credit officers may go to the borrower for on-the-spot investigation, and it will take some time to complete the overall loan issuance.
3. What are the financing methods of large enterprises?
I. Financing method 1. Bank loan. Banks are the main financing channels for enterprises. According to the nature of funds, it is divided into three categories: working capital loans, fixed assets loans and special loans. Special loans usually have specific purposes, and their loan interest rates are generally favorable. Loans are divided into credit loans, secured loans and discounted bills. 2. Stock financing. The stock is permanent, has no expiration date, does not need to be returned, and has no pressure to repay the principal and interest, so the financing risk is small. The stock market can promote enterprises to change their management mechanism and truly become a legal entity and market competition subject with independent operation, self-financing, self-development and self-restraint. At the same time, the stock market provides a broad stage for asset reorganization, optimizes the organizational structure of enterprises and improves the integration ability of enterprises. 3. Bond financing. Corporate bonds, also known as corporate bonds, are securities issued by enterprises in accordance with legal procedures and agreed to repay the principal and interest within a certain period of time, indicating that there is a creditor-debtor relationship between the issuing enterprises and investors. Bondholders do not participate in the operation and management of the enterprise, but have the right to recover the agreed principal and interest on schedule. When an enterprise goes bankrupt and liquidates, creditors have priority over shareholders in claiming compensation for the remaining property of the enterprise. Corporate bonds, like stocks, are securities and can be freely transferred. 4. Financial leasing. Through the combination of financing and finance, financial leasing has the dual functions of finance and trade, and plays a very obvious role in improving the financing efficiency and promoting the technological progress of enterprises. Financial leasing includes direct purchase leasing, after-sale leaseback and leveraged leasing. In addition, there are many forms of leasing, such as the combination of leasing and compensation trade, the combination of leasing and processing and assembly, and the combination of leasing and underwriting. Financial leasing business has opened up a new financing channel for technological transformation of enterprises. Bokai investment adopts a new form of financing and finance, which improves the introduction speed of production equipment and technology, saves the use of funds and improves the utilization rate of funds. 5. Overseas financing. The overseas financing methods available to enterprises include loans from international commercial banks, loans from international financial institutions, and bond and stock financing business of enterprises in major overseas capital markets. The related enterprises that are developing in China can make corresponding financing during the development period to find relevant funds for their own development. Relevant enterprises can carry out corresponding financing for enterprises according to their own relevant conditions. We should abide by the laws of China and the relevant requirements of the company, actively raise funds and develop our own enterprises.