I. State-owned enterprises
State-owned enterprises, in international practice, only refer to enterprises invested or controlled by the central government or the federal government of a country. In China, state-owned enterprises also include enterprises invested and controlled by local governments. The will and interests of the government determine the behavior of state-owned enterprises. As a form of production and operation organization, state-owned enterprises have the characteristics of both profit-making legal persons and public welfare legal persons. Its profit is reflected in the pursuit of maintaining and increasing the value of state-owned assets. The public welfare of users is reflected in the fact that the establishment of state-owned enterprises is usually to achieve the goal of national economic regulation and control, and plays an important role in coordinating all aspects of national economic development.
Second, the nature of state-owned enterprises
The nature of state-owned enterprises is the nature of enterprises owned by the whole people. The so-called enterprises owned by the whole people are essentially enterprises whose means of production are owned by the whole people. The nature of enterprises owned by the whole people means that the means of production are owned by the whole people. Therefore, the nature of the so-called state-owned enterprises is essentially the nature that the means of production belong to all people and all enterprises.
To sum up, under the conditions of socialist market economy, to meet the requirements of the establishment and development of public finance system, state-owned enterprises should be positioned as an important tool for the government to make up for market failures, with social stability and economic development as the main goals, and play a macro-control role in the provision of public goods and other fields.