Keywords:: port-based industrial clusters
Industrial cluster is a prominent economic phenomenon in the world today. A large number of related enterprises are concentrated in a specific geographical scope according to certain economic ties, forming an industrial community. Geographical concentration, professional flexibility, innovative environment and cooperative competition are the basis for the formation and maintenance of competitive advantages of industrial clusters. At the same time, through reducing costs, encouraging innovation, improving efficiency, intensifying competition and other ways to enhance the competitiveness of the whole region. The advantages of industrial clusters play an increasingly important role in regional economic development and regional competitiveness promotion. In recent years, the county party committee and government, under the guidance of Scientific Outlook on Development, have established the development strategy of "developing the county by port", seized the opportunity, turned the resource advantage into practical productive forces, truly established a modern port economic development model based on deep-water port, realized the interactive development of port, industry and regional economy, promoted better and faster economic and social development, and made efforts to build a "Pearl of the East China Sea" in an all-round way. China's first island city has laid a good foundation.
First, the present situation of Shengsi port industry
By vigorously developing port resources and port-facing industries, Shengsi has initially established a port-facing industrial system such as port-facing industries, tourism and shipping, which has effectively promoted the economic and social development of Shengsi and laid a certain foundation for the development of port-facing industrial clusters.
-aquatic product processing industry. Aquatic product processing industry has always been Shengsi's dominant traditional industry. With the continuous development of mussel breeding and processing, the field of intensive processing and circulation of aquatic products has been continuously expanded by using Shengshan water products trading market, and aquatic products processing enterprises with certain intensive processing level and market competitiveness have been cultivated. By the end of 2007, there were 49 aquatic products processing enterprises in the county, with a processing capacity of 46,900 tons and a processing output value of 950 million yuan, including 6 aquatic products processing enterprises above designated size 16, with a total industrial output value of 370 million yuan, an industrial sales output value of 3 10/00000 yuan and export delivery value100000 yuan.
-Shipping. Since the development and construction of Yangshan Port and the government's support policies for the maritime industry, the maritime industry in Shengsi has developed rapidly. By the end of 2007, there were 10 maritime transport enterprises, 182 ships and15.100000 dwt in the county, including 2 ships of over 10,000 tons and 7 ships of over 1,000 tons.
-Shipbuilding industry. By the end of 2007, there were 10 shipbuilding enterprises in the county, achieving a total industrial output value of 10.23 million yuan. At present, Yangshan 15 ton shipbuilding base is in the approval stage, and construction is expected to start in the near future.
-Tourism. In recent years, Shengsi tourism relies on the unique tourism resources and port development background, establishes the concept of big tourism and big industry, increases investment in tourism facilities, and strengthens external publicity, thus further enhancing the overall strength of the tourism economy. In 2007, the county received tourists1206,200 person-times, including 8 152 person-times from overseas, achieving a tourism income of 706 million yuan.
-petrochemical industry. Up to now, the first phase of Yangshan petroleum storage and transportation project has been completed and put into trial operation. The LNG project is progressing smoothly, with an accumulated investment of 3.7 billion yuan.
Second, the significance of Shengsi's development of port-based industrial clusters
(A) the development of port-based industrial clusters is the need to promote the urbanization of the island. The flow and agglomeration of economic factors is the mechanism to realize urbanization, and the process of developing port-based industries is itself the process of urbanization. First of all, a large number of land expropriation drives population agglomeration. Fishermen's productive land was converted into urban construction land after a large number of expropriation, and farmers' residents realized the transfer of residence, industry and production, and the population quickly concentrated in cities and towns. The government has improved various security systems to realize the old-age security for landless farmers, and the lifestyle of this group of people has also rapidly changed to the urban lifestyle. For example, Yangshan Deepwater Port Project, Xiaoyangshan 1, 4 18 households, with 3,545 residents settled in Nanhui, Caiyuan and Yangshan respectively. Secondly, the construction of high-standard infrastructure in the process of developing port industry has greatly changed the surrounding social environment, improved the conditions of education, hospitals and health, greatly improved people's living standards and quality, and irreversibly transformed its original production and living areas into urbanized areas. Thirdly, the development of port-based industries has promoted the development of other related industries, and the agglomeration of industries has also gathered popularity, forming a benign interaction between population and industry.
(B) the development of port-based industrial clusters is conducive to promoting the concentration of factors and optimizing the regional industrial structure. Relying on the port, the port city has a strong attraction to its hinterland. Port is the largest and most potential resource advantage in Shengsi, and the development of port-based industrial clusters will gradually become the trend of Shengsi's economic development. Compared with road transport and air transport, maritime transport has the characteristics of large volume and low cost, so the development of port-based industries can find the cheapest industrial resources such as production factors, establish processing bases and establish large-scale processing industries. The development of port-based industrial clusters will have a strong forward correlation effect on industrial development, induce the emergence of emerging industrial sectors, new technologies, new raw materials and other industries in the region, and improve and optimize the industrial structure in the region.
(C) The development of port-facing industrial clusters is the need to promote the expansion and upgrading of port functions. At present, Shengsi Port has a single function, and its comprehensive benefits are far from being brought into play. The development of port-facing industrial clusters will effectively enhance the port function, extend the industrial chain, and truly make the port economy focusing on port-facing industries bigger and stronger.
(D) The development of port-based industries is the need to promote fishermen to change jobs and build a harmonious society in an all-round way. With the continuous promotion of key projects in our county and the increasing adjustment of fishery structure, a large number of fishermen who lost their lives in the sea need to change jobs. The development of port-based industry has built a new platform for fishermen and farmers to start their second business, and provided an important way for fishermen to change jobs, thus effectively promoting the process of building a harmonious society in an all-round way. For example, by the end of 2007, Ma Jishan Port directly absorbed more than 500 employees from Shengsi. At the same time, the development of port-facing industry has also promoted the development of catering, transportation and other service industries, providing more employment opportunities. With the development of economy and the change of life, new industries, new occupations and new opportunities appear at a speed and form unimaginable according to past experience.
Third, Shengsi has the conditions to develop port-based industrial clusters.
The development of port-based industrial clusters strongly depends on location, geography, transportation and other conditions. Based on comprehensive analysis, the basic conditions for Shengsi to develop the port economy are relatively mature. Compared with other cities in China, Shengsi has five advantages: deep-water port advantage, marine resources advantage, marine industry advantage, marine management advantage and policy advantage, which provides favorable conditions for the development of port-based industrial clusters.
(A) the advantages of deep-water port
Shengsi has a rare advantage as a deep-water port. Yangshan Port is the largest port construction project in China. After the completion of the first, second and third phases of Yangshan Port, the coastline of the whole terminal will be 5,600 meters long, the number of deep-water berths will reach 16, and the annual throughput is expected to reach/kloc-0.05 million TEU, mainly engaged in the import and export business of containers, coal, crude oil, iron ore and grain. Majishan Port, established in 1998, is a large-scale ore transit deep-water port invested and built by Shanghai Baosteel. With the completion of the first and second phases of Ma Jishan Port, the annual throughput has reached 50 million tons, mainly engaged in the transit transportation of ore and sand. Lvhua unloading platform was built by Shengsi Puyuan Bulk Unloading Co., Ltd. in 2008, and the project is currently under construction. After completion, the annual throughput of Luhua Port will reach140,000 tons, which is of great significance to further promote the development and utilization of Shengsi Port and enhance the pulling effect of port economy on Shengsi's economic development.
(B) the advantages of marine resources
Shengsi is located in the subtropical maritime monsoon climate, with no severe cold in winter, no heat in summer and plenty of sunshine. The total length of the island coastline in the county is 47 1.35km, including 43 1.39km of rocky coastline, 2 1.8km of deep-water coastline with water depth above 10m, and 5.6km of deep-water coastline with water depth above 20m, covering the whole county. The marine ecology is good, which is the habitat and breeding ground of some economic creatures and an excellent place for marine culture. The county is rich in marine biological resources. Shengsi has beautiful scenery and pleasant climate, and bays and headlands alternate with each other, which constitutes the unique scenery of Jinsha, blue sea and blue sky. In addition, inexhaustible water resources, inexhaustible chemical resources, and abundant wave energy and tidal energy in seawater are all valuable resources for future development. Abundant marine resources provide a solid material foundation for the development of port-based industrial clusters.
(C) Advantages of the marine industry
Shengsi has a complete range of marine industries, involving ports, shipping, shipbuilding, marine fisheries, marine tourism, marine chemicals, seawater utilization, marine engineering and other industries. In recent years, Shengsi's marine industry has achieved rapid development, with the rapid rise of 10,000-ton ports, vigorous development of marine tourism, rapid development of efficient fisheries, steady development of marine chemical industry, new vitality of shipbuilding industry, and the growth of emerging industries such as seawater utilization, marine engineering and marine environmental protection, forming a relatively strong marine industry foundation. According to preliminary calculation, the total output value of the main marine industries in the county will exceed1166 million yuan in 2007, and the added value of the main marine industries accounts for 76.8% of the total regional output value of the county, which is becoming a new pillar industry of the county's economy, providing a good industrial foundation for the development of port-based industrial clusters.
(D) Advantages of marine management
In recent years, Shengsi County has conscientiously implemented the Law on the Use of Sea Areas, the Law on the Protection of Marine Environment and other laws and regulations related to the sea, focused on managing the sea according to law and making scientific and comprehensive use of the sea, focused on marine legislation, improved the management system for the use of sea areas, established and improved the law enforcement team, strengthened the supervision of marine law enforcement, strengthened legal publicity, and constantly improved the level of comprehensive marine management, completely changing the chaos of "excessive, chaotic and disorderly" use of the sea in the past. In 2005 and 2006, the county * * * confirmed 28 sea areas, covering an area of 445 hectares, and collected 3.85 million yuan in sea area use fees. Major sea-related projects such as Ma Jishan Port have been brought into the orbit of using the sea according to law and entered a new period of legalization, standardization and scientific management. Effective progress has been made in sea area management, marine environmental protection and sea area delimitation, and the construction of marine economic planning system has been strengthened, and the Eleventh Five-Year Plan and Shengsi County Marine Economic Development Plan have been compiled. Establish marine environmental monitoring and forecasting system and red tide emergency monitoring and early warning mechanism, and strive to carry out marine ecological environment protection and restoration projects. In 2005, Zhejiang Shengsi Ma 'an Archipelago Marine Special Reserve was established, including 10 inhabited islands such as flowers and birds, under the wall, Lycium barbarum and Shengshan, and the surrounding vast sea area where 126 uninhabited islands and reefs are located, which has taken a substantial step for the rational development and sustainable utilization of marine resources in our county and the protection of marine ecological environment.